Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

غَرِمَ, (JK, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَغْرَمُ}, (JK, Ḳ,) inf. n. غُرْمٌ (JK, Mṣb, TA) and غَرَامَةٌ (Mṣb, TA) and مَغْرَمٌ, (TA,) He paid, or discharged (A Ḳ, Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ,*) a thing that was obligatory upon him, (JK,) or a bloodwit, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and a responsibility, and the like thereof, after it had become obligatory upon him: (Mṣb:) [or, accord. to an explanation of الغَرَامَةُ in Ḥar p. 36, he gave property against his will: or the meaning intended in the Ṣ and Ḳ (in both of which it is very vaguely indicated) may be, he took upon himself to pay, or discharge, a blood wit, &c.: for, sometimes,] غُرْمٌ and مَغْرَمٌ and غَرَامَةٌ signify the taking upon oneself that which is not obligatory upon him: (Mgh; and the Ksh gives this explanation of مَغْرَمٌ in lii. 40:) [or the taking upon oneself a fine or the like: for, sometimes,] مَغْرَمٌ signifies اِلْتِزَامُ غُرْمٍ. (Bḍ in lii. 40. [See also 5, and 8.]) And you say, غَرِمْتُ عَنْهُ مَا لَزِمَهُ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ [I paid for him, i. e., in his stead, what was obligatory upon him, of the bloodwit]. (Mṣb in art. عقل.)

And غَرِمَ فِى تِجَارَتِهِ He lost, or suffered loss, in his traffic; i. q. خَسِرَ; contr. of رَبِحَ. (Mṣb.)

غُرِمَ أَنْفًا: see رُغِمَ [from which it is app. formed by transposition].

غرّمهُ i. q. اغرمهُ, q. v. (Ṣ, Mgh, &c.)

[Hence, app.] غُرِّمَ السَّحَابُ † The clouds rained; [as though they were made to discharge a debt that they owed;] Aboo-Dhn-eyb says, describing clouds.

* وَهَى خَرْجُهُ وَٱسْتُحِيلَ الرَّبَا *

* بُ مِنْهُ وَعُزِّمَ مَآءً صَرِيحَا *

† [The clouds that were the first thereof in rising and appearing became rent, and such of them as were suspended beneath other clouds were looked at in order that it might be seen whether they moved, and they discharged clear water]. (TA.)

أَغْرَمْتُهُ andغَرَّمْتُهُ↓, (Ṣ Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. [of the former إِغْرَامٌ and] of the latter تَغْرِيمٌ, (TA,) both signify the same; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) i. e. I made him to pay, or discharge, [a bloodwit, and a responsibility, and the like, (see 1,)] after it had became obligatory upon him; (Mṣb, Ḳ:*) [or the meaning intended in the Ṣ and Ḳ (in the latter of which it is vaguely indicated and in the farmer more so) may be, I made him to take upon himself to pay, or discharge, a bloodwit, &c. for, sometimes,] غرّمهُ and اغرمهُ signify he made him to incur the taking upon himself that which was not obligatory upon him; (Mgh:) [and sometimes the inf. ns.] إِغْرَامٌ and تَغْرِيمٌ signify the making to he final; and, to he indebted; (PṢ;) أَغْرَمْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ in the copies of the Ḳ is a mistake for أَغْرَمْتُهُ أَنَا. (TA.)

إِغْرَامٌ also signifies The throwing [one] into destruction. (KL.)

And The rendering [one] eagerly desirous [of a thing; fond of it; or attached to it]. (KL.) You say, أُغْرِمَ بِالشَّىْءِ He became eagerly desirous of the thing; fond of it; or attached to it; syn. أُولِعَ بِهِ (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA.)

تغرّم [app. He took upon himself an obligation, such as the payment of a fine., &c.]. (Ḥam p. 707. [See also 1, and 8.])

اِغْتِرَامٌ The making obligatory upon oneself what is termed غَرَامَة, which signifies difficulty or trouble, and damage or detriment or loss, and the giving of property against one's will. (Ḥar p. 36. [See also 1, and 5.])

غُرْمٌ an inf. n. of غَرِمَ [q. v.]. (JK, Mṣb, TA.)

And A thing that must be paid, or discharged; (Ḳ, TA;) and soغَرَامَةٌ↓, andمُغْرَمٌ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) andمَغْرَمٌ↓: (Ṣ, TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, a damage, detriment, or loss, that befalls a man, in his property, not for an injurious action, of his, requiring punishment (TA:) a debt, (Ṣ, TA:) a fine, or mulet: (MA:) the pl. ofمَغْرَمٌ↓ is مَغَارِمُ, agreeably with analogy; or this is pl. of غُرْمٌ, anomalously, like as مَحَاسِنُ is of حُسْنٌ. (TA.) [See exs. voce غَلِقَ: and see also غُنْمٌ.]

غَرْمَى A woman heavy, or sluggish; syn. ثَقِيلَةٌ: (Ḳ:) or, accord. to IAạr, i. q. مُغَاضِيَةٌ [that makes, and is made, angry: or that breaks off from, or quits, one, in anger, or enmity]. (TA.)

It is also syn. with أَمَا, as a word denoting an oath [or used in swearing]: one says غَرْمَى وَجَدِّكَ [Verily, or now surely, by thy grandfather, or by thy fortune or good fortune]; like as one says أَمَا وَجَدِّكَ: (AA, Ḳ, TA:) and عَرْمَى and حَرْمَى are dial. vars. thereof. (TA.)

غَرَامٌ A thing from which one is unable to free himself, [a thing] such as cleaves fast. (BA and Jel in xxv. 66.) Lasting evil. (IAạr, Ṣ, Ḳ.) Perdition: (Ḳ:) in the Ḳur xxv. 66, (Ṣ, Ksh,) accord. to AO, (Ṣ,) it means perdition, (Ṣ, Ksh,) persistent, (Ksh,) and such as cleaves fast. (Ṣ, Ksh.) And Punishment, or torment; (Ṣ, Ḳ) or, accord. to Zj, the most vehement punishment or torment; and accord to Er-Rághib, hardship, or difficulty, and an affliction, or a calamity or misfortune, that befalls a man. (TA.)

Also Eager desire [بِشَىْءٍ for a thing]; fondness [for it]; or attachment [to it]; syn. وَلُوعٌ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or love that torments the heart. (Ḥar p. 36.) [See 4, last sentence.]

غَرِيمٌ A debtor; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) one says, خُذْ مِنْ غَرِيمِ السَّوْءِ مَا سَبَحَ [Take theou from the evil debtor what has become easy of attainment]: (Ṣ:) andغَارِمٌ↓ signifies the same as غَرِيمٌ; or one upon whom lies the obligation of a bloodwit or the like; or [it virtually signifies thus, but properly] it is a possessive epithet signifying ذُو غَرَامٍ or غَرَامَةٍ or تَغْرِيمٍ. (TA.) And (sometimes, Ṣ) it signifies A creditor also: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) thus having two contr. meanings; (Ḳ) Kutheiyir says,* قَضَى كُلُّ ذِى دَيْنٍ فَوَفَّى غَرِيمَهُ * وَعَزَّةُ مَمْطُولٌ مُعَنًّى غَرِيمُهَا [Every debtor has paid, and fully rendered to his creditor; but as to ʼAzzeh, her creditor is put off, and wearied]. (Ṣ.) The pl. of غَرِيمٌ is غُرَمَآءُ (I Ath, Mṣb, TA) and غُرَّامٌ, which is a strange [i. e. an anomalous] pl., (I Ath, TA;) or this is pl. ofغَارِمٌ↓ as syn. with غَرِيمٌ [and thus is agree able with analogy]; or it is pl. ofمُغْرِمٌ↓ [signifying “burdened with debt.”], formed by the rejection of the augmentative letter [of the sing]. (TA.)

And hence, An adversary in contention, dispute, or litigation; an antagonist; a litigant; because, by his pressing upon his adversary [like the creditor upon his debtor], he becomes one who cleaves, or clings. (Mṣb.)

مُغْرَمٌ Shackled, (Ḳ,) or burdened, (TA,) with debt; (Ḳ;) an epithet applied to a man from الغُرْمُ and الدَّيْنُ. (Ṣ.) See غَرِيمٌ.

And A captive of love; (Ḳ, TA;) i. e., of the love of women: (TA:) or one to whom love cleaves: (Ḥam p. 558:) or you say رَجُلٌ مُغْرَمٌ بِالحُبِّ [a man to whom love cleaves, or clung to by love]; from the love of women: (Ṣ:) and هُوَ مُغْرَمٌ بِالنِّسَآءِ He is one who clings to women, like as does the غَرِيم [or “creditor” to the debtor]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And مُغْرَمٌ بِشَىْءٍ Eagerly desirous of a thing; fond of it; or attached to it; syn. مُولَعٌ بِهِ; (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA;) and حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْهِ; (Ḥar p. 585;) not having patience to refrain from it. (TA.)

See also غُرْمٌ.