Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

غَضَفَهُ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَغْضِفُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. غَضْفٌ, (TA,) He broke it, namely, a branch, or stick, or the like, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA,) and a thing, (TA,) but not thoroughly. (Ṣ, O, TA.) [See also 2.]

And غَضَفَ أُذُنَهَ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Ṣ, O,) He (a dog) relaxed his ear, and folded, or creased, it: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA:) [see, again, 2:] or غَضَفَ أُذُنَهَ, inf. n. غَضْفَانٌ and غَضَفَانٌ, he (a dog) twisted his ear: and in like manner one says of the wind, [غَضَفَتْهَا,] i. e. it twisted it. (TA.) And غضَف الوِسَادَةَ He folded the pillow [so as to make creases in it]. (Ḥam p. 785. [But perhaps this is correctlyغضّف↓: comp. its quasi-pass., 5.])

غَضَفَتْ said of [wild] she-asses, (O,) or of a she-ass, (Ḳ,) aor. as above, (O, TA,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) signifies أَخَذَتِ الجَرْىَ أَخْذًا [as though meaning They, or she, restrained the running, i. e. their, or her, running; agreeably with what here follows]: (O, Ḳ, TA:) غَضَفَ, [for غَضَفَ مِنَ الجَرْىِ,] said of a horse, &c., means he lessened, lit. took from, the rate of the running, (أَخَذَ مِنَ الجَرْىِ,) without reckoning: (L, TA:) Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee- 'Áïdh El-Hudhalee says,

* يَغُضُّ وَيَغْضِفْنَ مِنْ رَيِّقٍ *

(O, TA) meaning He (the ass) withholds somewhat of his running, (يَكُفُّ بَعْضَ جَرْيِهِ,) and they (the she-asses) lessen, lit. take from, the [or rather a] first, or former, rate of their running, (يَأْخُذْنَ أَخْذًا مِنْ أَوَّلِ جَرْيِهِنَّ,) without reckoning: (Skr: see Kosegarten's “Carmina Hudsailitarum,” p. 189:) Skr says, in explanation of the citation above from Umeiyeh, that غَضْفٌ signifies the act of taking and lading out [with the hand] (أَخْذٌ and غَرْفٌ); and on one occasion he says, the taking easily; [adding,] one says, غَضَفَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ لَيِّنٍ [Such a one took, or laded out with his hand, from soft food]. (TA.)

غَضَفَ العَيْشُ, inf. n. غُضُوفٌ, The life was soft, or easy, and plentiful. (TA.)

غَضِفَ, [aor. ـَ {يَغْضَفُ}, inf. n. غَضَفٌ,] He (a dog, Ṣ) was, or became, relaxed, or flabby, in the ear. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) And غَضِفَتِ الأُذُنُ, inf. n. غَضَفٌ, is said to mean The ear was, or became, long and relaxed or flabby: or it advanced upon the face: or it retired towards the head: or its extremities folded upon the inner part thereof: or, in a dog, it turned towards the back of the neck: or it became folded, or creased, naturally. (TA.) [See also غَضَفٌ, below: and see 7.]

غَضِفَ اللَّيْلُ: see 4.

غضّفهُ, inf. n. تَغْضِيفٌ, He broke it. (TA.) [See also 1, first signification.]

تَغْضِيفٌ signifies also The making [a thing] to hang down. (O, Ḳ.)

See also 1, third signification.

اغضف اللَّيْلُ The night became dark and black; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) as alsoغَضِفَ↓, inf. n. غَضَفٌ. (Ṣ.)

اغضفت السَّمَآءُ The sky became clouded, and prepared to rain. (O,* Ḳ,* TA.)

اغضفت النَّخْلُ The palm-trees had many branches, and bad fruit: (Ḳ, TA:) or became laden, or heavily laden, with fruit; or abounded therewith. (O, Ḳ, TA.)

And اغضف العَطَنُ The usual abidingplace of camels, or cattle, or their place of lying down at, or around, the water or watering-trough, had many thereof. (Ḳ.)

تغضّف It broke, or became broken; as alsoانغضف↓. (TA.)

And تَغَضُّفٌ signifies The being, or becoming, creased, or wrinkled; (O, Ḳ, TA;) like تَغَيُّفٌ. (TA.) And تَغَضَّفَ He, or it, inclined, and bent, and became folded, or creased, much, or in several places, syn. مَالَ, and تَثَنَّى, and تَكَسَّرَ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,*) عَلَيْهِ upon him, or it. (Ṣ, O.) And تغضّفت الحَيَّةُ The serpent twisted, or coiled, itself. (O, Ḳ.)

نغضّفت البِئْرُ The sides of the well fell in ruins, or became demolished: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) the well collapsed, or broke down, عَلَى فُلَانٍ upon such one, who had descended into it; (O;) as alsoانغضفت↓. (O, Ḳ.)

تغضّف عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ The night covered us. (O, Ḳ.)

تغضّفت عَلَيْنَا الدُّنْيَا The world became abundant to us in its good things; and favourable to us. (O, Ḳ.)

see 5, in two places.

انغضفت أُذُنُهُ His ear became folded, or creased, not naturally. (TA.) [See also 1, near the end.]

انغضف الضَّبَابُ The ضباب [or thin clouds, like smoke,] overlay one another. (TA.)

انغضفوا فِى الغُبَارِ They entered into the dust, or raised and spreading dust. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

غَضَفٌ [inf. n. of غَضِفَ (q. v.): and, as a simple subst.,] Laxness, or flabbiness, in the ear: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or, as in the T, a laxness, or flabbiness, of the upper part [of each] of the two ears, upon, or over, the concha thereof, by reason of its width and its largeness: (TA:) Aboo-ʼAmr Esh-Sheybánee says, after citing a verse of Abu-n-Nejm, describing a lion, that it signifies a twisting, in the ear, backwards: accord. to ISh, it is, in the lion, a laxness, or pendulousness, of the upper eyelids, upon the eyes; arising from anger and pride: (O:) and he says that, accord. to some, it is, in the lion, abundance of the fur, and a folding, or creasing, of the skin. (TA.) And one says, [app. in relation to the lion,] فِى أَشْفَارِهِ غَضْفٌ↓ and غَضَفٌ [app. In the edges of his upper eyelids is a laxness, or pendulousness]; both meaning the same. (TA.)

Also Softness, or easiness, and plentifulness, of life: (Ṣ:) like غَطَفٌ. (O in art. غطف.)

And A species of tree in India, exactly like the palm-tree, (Lth, O, Ḳ,) except that (Ḳ) its fruit-stones are divested of covering, without a لِحَآء [or pulpy pericarp], and from its lowest to its uppermost part it has green سَعَف [or branches like those of the palm-tree], (Lth, O, Ḳ,) covered [thereby]: (Lth, O:) AḤn says, it is a plant resembling the palm-tree exactly, (O, L, TA,) but not growing tall, (TA,) having many سَعَف, and prickles, and [leaves such as are termed] خُوص, of the hardest sort, whereof are made large [receptacles of the kind called] جِلَال [pl. of جُلَّةٌ], that serve for sacks, goods being carried in them by land and by sea; (O, L, TA;) it produces from its head unripe dates of disagreeable flavour, not eaten; and, he says, of its خُوص are made mats like carpets, (L, TA,) called سِمَام, pl. of سُمَّةٌ [q. v.], (L,) one of which may be spread for twenty years. (L, TA.)

See also the next paragraph, in two places.

غَضَفَةٌ A certain bird: or a قَطَاة [or sandgrouse]: (IDrd, O, Ḳ:) or the قَطَاة termed جُونِيَّة: pl. غَضَفٌ↓ [or rather this, if correct, is a coll. gen. n.]: J says that الغَضَفُ↓ [thus in the TA, but in my and other copies of the Ṣ الغُضْفُ↓, for which Golius appears to have found الغُضُفُ,] signifies القَطَا الجُونُ; but IB says that it is correctly القطا الجُونِىُّ. (TA. [See جُونِىٌّ: and particularly what is said at the end of the paragraph thus headed.])

Also An [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة. (O, Ḳ, TA. [For اكمة, in this case, the TḲ has most strangely substituted اكمه, meaning أَكْمَهُ, for it explains it as signifying “blind from the birth;” and this, though an obvious mistake, Freytag asserts to be the right reading and explanation.])

غَاضِفٌ: see أَغْضَفُ, in two places.

Also [applied to a man] Soft, or easy, and plentiful, in his circumstances. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

أَغْضَفُ, applied to a dog, Relaxed, or flabby, in the ear; pl. غُضْفٌ; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) occurring in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh, cited voce عَذَبٌ; (O, TA;) and the fem. غَضْفَآءُ is applied [to a bitch, and] to an ear: (TA:) or a dog having the upper part of his ear folded, or creased, backwards; andغَاضِفٌ↓ when it is forwards. (IAạr, O, Ḳ.) And hence [the pl.] غُضْفٌ, as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, is used as an appellation for Dogs of the chase. (TA.)

Applied to a lion, Having the ear folded, or creased; (Hr, O, Ḳ;) denoting a quality that renders him more abominable: (Hr, O:) or relaxed, or pendulous, in the ears: (O, Ḳ:) or whose upper eyelids are lax, or pendulous, upon his eyes, by reason of anger or pride; (Ḳ, TA;) so says ISh. (TA.) And accord. to Lth, A beast of prey whose upper part of his ear is folded, or creased, and the lower part thereof relaxed, or pendulous. (TA.) And the fem., غَضْفَآءُ, A she-goat whose extremities of her ears descend low, by reason of their length. (IA.)

Also Anything bending, folding, or creasing, and relaxed, flabby, or pendulous: fem. as above. (TA.) Andمُغْضِفٌ↓ is like أَغْضَفُ, (TA.)

And الأَغْضَفُ is one of the names of The lion (TA.)

سَهْمٌ أَغْضَفُ An arrow of which the feathers are thick; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) contr. of أَصْمَعُ, (Ṣ, O.)

لَيْلٌ أَغْضَفُ A night that is dark (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) and black; (Ṣ, O;) covering with its dark ness. (TA.)

عَيْشٌ أَغْضَفُ A soft, or an easy, and plentiful, life; as alsoغَاضِفٌ↓ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) like أَغْطَفُ. (Ṣ and O in art. غطف) And سَنَةٌ غَضْفَآءُ A fruitful, or plentiful, year. (TA.)

مُغْضِفٌ: see أَغْضَفُ, latter half.

Applied to palm-trees (نَخْلٌ), Having many branches, and bad fruit; (O, TA;) thus without ة; (O;) and also with ة {مُغْضِفَةٌ}. (TA. [See also its verb.])

And ثَمَرَةٌ مُغْضِفَةٌ A fruit that has become flaccid, but not completely ripe: (O:) or nearly, but not yet, ripe: (Sh, TA:) or whereof the goodness has not become apparent: or, accord. to AA, hanging upon its tree, flaccid. (TA.)