Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

غَفَرَهُ, aor. ـِ {يَغْفِرُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb,) He covered, veiled, concealed, or hid, it; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) i. e., anything. (TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, Mṣb.)

[Hence] غَفَر الشَّيْبَ بِالخِضَابِ He covered, or concealed, the white, or hoary, hair with dye; (Ḳ;) as alsoأَغْفَرَهُ↓. (TA.)

And غَفَرَ المَتَاعَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) فِى الوِعَآءِ, (Ḳ,) He put the goods, or utensils, into the bag, or receptacle, and concealed them; (Ḳ;) as alsoاغفرهُ↓. (Ḳ.)

[Hence also] غَفَرَ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,* Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَغْفِرُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. مَغْفَرِةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or this is a simple subst., (Mṣb,) and غُفْرَانٌ and غَفْرٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and غُفُورٌ (Lḥ, Ḳ) and غَفِيرٌ and غَفِيرةٌ, (Ḳ,) He (God) covered, his sin, crime, or offence; (Ḳ;) forgave it; pardoned it; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoاغتفر↓ ذَنْبَهُ, (Ṣ,) or اغتفر لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ he forgave him what he had done: (Mṣb:) or غُفْرَانٌ and مَغْفِرَةٌ, on the part of God, signify the preserving a man from being touched by punishment: and sometimes غَفَرَ لَهُ signifies [he forgave him, or pardoned him: and also] he forgave him, or pardoned him, apparently, but not really; and thus it is used in the Ḳur xlv. 13, accord. to the B. (TA.) As an ex. of the last of the inf. ns. mentioned above on the authority of the Ḳ, the following saying, of a certain Arab, is cited: أَسْأَلُكَ الغَفِيرَهْ وَالنَّاقَةَ الغَزيِرَهْ وَالعِزَّ فِى العَشِيرَهْ فَإِنَّهَا عَلَيْكَ يَسِيرَهْ [I beg of Thee (O God) forgiveness, and a she-camel abounding in milk, and might among the kinsfolk, or in the tribe, for they are to Thee things easy]. (TA.) [See also the paragraph commencing with غَفِيرَةٌ.]

In the following saying of Zuheyr, the verb is used tropically:

* أَضَاعَتْ فَلَمْ تُغْفَرْ لَهَا غَفَلَاتُهَا *

meaning [She lost her young one, and] her acts of negligence with respect to her young one were not forgiven her, by the wild beasts, so they ate it. (TA.)

غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ↓, (Ṣ,* Ḳ,) andبِغَفِيرَتِهِ↓, (Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَغْفِرُ}, (Ṣ,) [lit. He covered the affair with its cover,] means † he rectified the affair with that wherewith it was requisite that it should be rectified. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) [Andاغتفرهُ↓ perhaps signifies the same: see مُرْتَأَبٌ, in art. رأب.]

غَفِرَ, aor. ـَ {يَغْفَرُ}, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. غَفَرٌ, (Ṣ,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) became villous; as alsoاغفارّ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. اِغْفِيرَارٌ. (Ṣ.)

غَفَرَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَغْفِرُ}, inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (Ṣ,) It (a wound) became recrudescent; or reverted to a bad, or corrupt, state; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as also غَفِرَ, [of which see another meaning in what follows,] aor. ـَ {يَغْفَرُ}, inf. n. غَفَرٌ. (Ṣ.) And in like manner the former is said of a sick person: (Ṣ:) [i. e.] غَفَرَ signifies likewise He (a sick person) relapsed into disease, after convalescence; as also غُفِرَ: (Ḳ, TA:) and in like manner one says of a wounded person. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] it is also said of an excessive lover, meaning He experienced a return of his desire, (Ḳ, TA,) after consolation. (TA.)

غَفِرَ said of a wound signifies also It healed: thus having two contr. meanings. (IḲṭṭ, TA.)

غَفَرَ الجَلَبُ السُّوقَ, (Ḳ, TA,) aor. ـِ {يَغْفِرُ}, inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (TA,) means رَخَّصَهَا [more correctly أَرْخَصَهَا i. e. The beasts, or other things, brought thither for sale, made the market cheap]. (Ḳ, TA.)

غفّرهُ He said غَفَرَ ٱللّٰهُ لَهُ [May God cover his sins,, &c.; may God forgive him, or pardon him]. (TA, from a trad.)

اغفر: see 1, in two places.

أَغْفَرَتْ It (land) produced somewhat of غَفَر, meaning small herbage: (TA:) [i. e.] it produced herbage like the nap of cloth. (O, L, TA.*)

And It (land) produced its مَغَافِير [pl. of مُغْفُورٌ, q. v.]. (IAth, O, L, TA.) And اغفر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, Ṣ, and the عُرْفُط, [&c.,] TA) exuded, or produced, its مَغَافِير. (Ṣ, TA.)

Also, i. e. اغفرت, [from غُفْرٌ, q. v.,] She (a mountaingoat) had a young one, or young ones. (O, TA.)

And اغفر النَّخْلُ The palm-tress had, upon their unripe dates, what resembled bark, or crust; (O, Ḳ, TA;) which the people of El-Medeeneh term الغَفَا [or الغَفَى]. (O, TA.)

تغفّر andتَمَغْفَرَ↓ He gathered what is called مِغْفَر and مُغْفُور [see the latter of these two words]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) He who says مُغْفُور says خَرَجْنَا نَتَمَغْفَرُ↓, and he who says مِغْفَر says خرجنا نَتَغَفَّرُ, We went forth to gather مغفور, or مغفر, from its trees. (Ṣ.)

تغافرا They two prayed for the covering of sins,, &c., or for forgiveness, or pardon, each for the other. (TA.)

استغفر ٱللّٰهَ, (Mṣb,) and استغفر ٱللّٰه مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and لِذَنْبِهِ, (Ṣ,) and ذَنْبَهُ, (Ḳ,) He begged of God forgiveness, or pardon; (Mṣb;) he sought of God the covering, or forgiveness, or pardon, of his sin, crime, or offence, (Ḳ, TA,) by word and by deed; for so God requires one to do; not with the tongue only. (TA.)

غَفْرٌ: see غَفَرٌ, in two places.

See also غُفْرٌ.

Also The belly. (Ḳ.)

And A certain thing like the [sack called] جُوَالِق. (Ḳ.)

And الغَفْرُ is the name of The star [λ] in the left foot of Virgo: (Ḳzw in his Descr. of Virgo:) or three obscure stars, (Ḳzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) or three small stars, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) [most probably, I think, (not φ and ι and κ, as supposed by Freytag, who refers to Ideler's “Untersuch.” pp. 169 and 288, but) ι and κ and λ of Virgo, though said to be] belonging to Libra: (Ṣ:) one of the Mansions of the Moon, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) namely, the Fifteenth. (Ḳzw in his Descr. of the Mansions.)

غُفْرٌ The young of the mountain-goat; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoغَفْرٌ↓; but the former is the more common; (Ḳ;) the latter, rare: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَغْفَارٌ and [of mult.] غِفَرَةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and غُفُورٌ: (Kr, Ḳ:) the female is termed غُفْرَةٌ: and it is said that غُفْرٌ is an appellation of one and of a pl. number: the phrase غُفْرٌ كَثِيرٌ is mentioned [as meaning many young ones of the mountain-goat]. (TA.)

غِفْرٌ The young of the cow [probably meaning of the bovine antelope called the wild cow]. (El-Hejeree, Ḳ.)

And A certain دُوَيْبَّة [by which may be meant a small beast or creeping thing, or an insect]: (IDrd, O, Ḳ:) so, says IDrd, they assert. (O.)

غَفَرٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) andغَفْرٌ↓ (Ṣ, TA) andغُفَارٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) Hair like down, such as is upon the shank of a woman, and upon the forehead, and the like thereof: (Ṣ, TA:) or the hair of the neck, and of the jaws, and of the back of the neck; (Ḳ, TA;) as alsoغَفِيرٌ↓ accord. to the copies of the Ḳ, but accord. to the L and other lexicons غَفْرٌ: and the small, short, hairs of the body. (TA.)

And غَفَرٌ signifies also The growth of hair in the place of the mane of a horse or similar beast. (TA.)

And The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) and the like thereof; (TA;) andغَفْرٌ↓ signifies the same: (Ḳ, TA:) n. un. غَفْرَةٌ [and app. غَفَرَةٌ]: and غَفَرٌ is also expl. as signifying the هُدْب [app. here meaning likewise nap, or pile, or perhaps the unwoven end,] of a garment, or piece of cloth, and [particularly] of the thin and soft sorts of what are termed خَمَائِص and قُطُف [pls. of خَمِيصَةٌ and قَطِيفَةٌ]; but not the extremities of أَرْدِيَة and مَلَاحِف [pls. of رِدَآءٌ and مِلْحَفَةٌ]. (TA.)

And Small herbage; (Ḳ:) [or] a sort of small, sprouting herbage, of the [season called] رَبِيع, growing in plain, or soft, land, and upon the [eminences termed] آكام [pl. of أَكَمَةٌ]; when green, resembling green passerine birds standing; and when it has dried up, resembling such as are red, not standing. (L, TA.*)

هُوَغَفِرُ القَفَا means He is one who has [hair such as is termed] غَفَر upon the back of his neck: and هِىَ غَفِرَةُ الوَجْهِ, she is one who has غَفَر upon her face. (AḤn, Ḳ,* TA.)

غُفْرَةٌ A cover; a thing with which another thing is covered. (Ṣ.) [Hence] one says, غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andبِغَفِيرَتِهِ↓ (Ḳ) expl. above: see 1.

غِفْرَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ A good manner of covering, forgiving, or pardoning, sins, &c. (Lḥ, Ḳ.)

غِفَارٌ A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the cheek [app. of a camel]. (TA.)

جَمَّآءُ غَفِيرٌ A helmet that encloses and embraces the whole head. (Ḳ.) AO says, in his “Book on the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,” that بَيْضَةٌ is a general name for a helmet, which has plates like the bones of the skull, fastened together, edge to edge, by nails. (TA.)

جَاؤُوا جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرًا, and الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرِ, and جَمًّا غَفِيرًا, and الجَمَّ الغَفِيرَ, and جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, andجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَى↓, andجَمَّآءَ غَفِيرَةً↓, andالغَفِيرَةَ↓ الجَمَّآءَ, andجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَةِ↓, andجَمَّ الغَفِيرَةِ↓, and بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرِ, andبِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرَةِ↓, (Ḳ,) are phrases meaning They came all together, high and low, none of them remaining behind, and they being many: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) accord. to Sb, (Ḳ,) it (الجمّآء الغفير, Ṣ, which is the only form that he mentions, TA, [or rather the former of these two words,]) is a subst., (Ṣ, Ḳ,) put in the place of an inf. n., (Ḳ,) i. e. put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, (TA,) i. e., [as when you say] مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ جُمُومًا كَثِيرًا [I passed by them they being very many]: (Ḳ:) it is not a verb, [by which is here meant, as in many other instances, an inf. n.,] but is put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, as when you say جَاؤُونِى جَمِيعًا, and قَاطِبَةً, and طُرًّا, and كَافَّةً, [They came to me all together,] and the article ال is prefixed like as it is prefixed in the saying أَوْرَدَهَا العِرَاكَ, meaning أَوْرَدَهَا عِرَاكًا [He brought them (the camels) to the water all together]: (Ṣ:) Sb says that it is one of those denotatives of state which have the art. ال prefixed, and is extr.; and that الغفير is an epithet inseparable from الجمّآء; meaning that you do not say الجمّآء and then be silent: (TA:) others hold it to be an inf. n.: IAmb allows it to be in the nom. case, on the condition that هُم is understood [before it; i. e., the complete phrase being جَاؤُوا هُمُ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفِيرُ]: and Ks says that the Arabs put الجمّاء الغفير in the accus. case فِى التَّمَامِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring after a proposition rendered complete by the mention of the agent. as when you say جَآءَ القَوْمُ الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ], and in the nom. case فِى النُّقْصَانِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring when what precedes it is not a complete proposition, and is only rendered complete by it as the agent, as when you say جَآءَ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفيِرُ]. (Ḳ.)

It is said in a trad., that Moḥammad, being asked by Aboo-Dharr, what was the number of the apostles, answered ثَلٰثُمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, meaning, Three hundred and fifteen: a great number. (Nh, TA.)

See also غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

غِفَارَةٌ: see مِغْفَرٌ, in three places.

Also A piece of rag worn beneath the مِقْنَعَة [q. v.], by which a woman preserves it from the oil or grease [on her head]: (Ṣ: [accord to one of my copies of the Ṣ, “preserves her head:”]) or a piece of rag by which a woman preserves her خِمَار [q. v.] from the oil or grease: (Ḳ:) or a piece of rag with which a woman covers the fore part and the hind part (but not the middle) of her head. (TA.)

[And A cloth that is spread upon the camel-litter. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]

And A patch (رُقْعَة) that is put upon the notch, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or a piece of skin which is upon the head, (TA,) upon which runs the string, of the bow. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

And A cloud (Ṣ, Ḳ) that is as though it were (Ṣ) above another cloud. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And The head of a mountain. (Ḳ.)

غَفِيرَةٌ: see غُفْرَةٌ, and 1.

مَا فِيهِمْ غَفِيرَةٌ [There is not in them any disposition to forgive;] means they do not forgive any one a sin, a crime, or an offence. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And مَاعِنْدَهُمْ عَذِيرَةٌ وَلَا غَفِيرَةٌ [They have not a disposition to excuse nor a disposition to forgive;] means they do not excuse nor do they forgive a sin, a crime, or an offence, of any one. (TA.) The rájiz (Sakhr-el-Ghei, L) said, (on seeing his companions, with whom he was journeying, fly from the Benu-l-Mustalik, whom they chanced to meet, L,)

* يَا قَوْمِ لَيْسَتْ فِيهِمُ غَفِيرَهْ *

* فَٱمْشُوا كَمَا تَمْشِى جِمَالُ الحِيرَهْ *

[O my people, there is not in them any disposition to forgive: therefore march ye as march the camels of El-Heereh]: (Ṣ, L:) he mentioned particularly the camels of El-Heereh because they carry burdens; and meant, march ye heavily, and defend yourselves, and do not fly. (L.)

Also Abundance, and increase, in family and cattle or other property. (TA, from a trad.)

See also غَفِيرٌ, in five places.

غَافِرٌ (TA) andغَفُورٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) andغَفَّارٌ↓ (Ḳ, TA) are epithets applied to God. (Ḳ, TA,) the second and third of which are intensive; (TA;) meaning, [the first,] Covering and forgiving the sins, crimes, and offences, of his servants; [or simply forgiving; and the second and third, covering and forgiving much the sins,, &c., of his servants; or very forgiving.] (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA) The pl. ofغَفُورٌ↓ is غُفُرٌ. (Ṣ.) Andغَفُورٌ↓ is also applied to a woman, without ة. (TA.)

غَوْفَرٌ The autumnal بِطِّيخ [i. e. melon or water-melon]: (Ḳ:) or a species thereof (Ṣgh, Ḳ, TA) It is said that the بِطِّيخ and the غَوْفَر are of those things in the cases of which the giving of the tithe is not incumbent. (Mgh.)

أَغْفَرُ [Having the quality of covering, or the like, in a greater, or in the greatest, degree]. One says اُصْبُغْ ثَوْبَكَ بالسَّوَادِ فَإِنَّهُ أَغْفَرُ لِوَسَخِهِ Dye thou thy garment, or piece of cloth, with black; for it has the quality of bearing and concealing its dirt in the greatest degree. (Ṣ,* TA.)

مُغْفِرٌ, (O, TA,) or مُغْفِرَةٌ, (Ṣ,) or the latter also, (O, TA,) A she-goat of the mountain having a young one or young ones: (Ṣ,* O,* TA:) pl. مُغْفِرَاتٌ. (Ṣ, TA.)

مِغْفَرٌ What is worn beneath the helmet: (Mgh, Mṣb:) or a piece of mail, (زَرَدٌ, Ṣ Ḳ,) woven (Ṣ) from the دِرْع [or coat of mail], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) according to the size of the head, (Ṣ,) worn beneath the [kind of cap called] قَلَنْسُوَة; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoمِغْفَرَةٌ↓ andغِفَارَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) or the رَفْرَف [or pendent appertenance] of the helmet: (TA:) or a piece of mail, (حَلَقٌ, or حِلَقٌ, as in different copies of the Ḳ,) which an armed man, (Ḳ,) or a man, accord. to some lexicons, (TA,) wears in the manner of a قِنَاع (يَتَقَنَّعُ بِهَا); as alsoمِغْفَرَةٌ↓ andغِفَارَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) accord. to ISh, the مِغْفَر is a piece of mail (حَلَقٌ) which a man puts beneath the helmet, hanging down upon the neck: and sometimes, he says, it is like the قَلَنْسُوَة, except that it is more ample; a man throws it upon his head, and it reaches to the coat of mail; then the helmet is put on over it; and this مغفر hangs down upon the shoulders: sometimes, also, the مغفر is [a covering for the head] made of دِيبَاج [i. e. silk brocade], and of [the cloth called] خَزّ [q. v.], beneath the helmet: accord. to “the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,” by AO, مِغْفَرٌ andغِفَارَةٌ↓ are names applied to a portion of mail [forming a headcovering], which is also called تَسْبِغَةٌ [q. v.]; and sometimes the rings are exposed to view; and sometimes they line them within, and cover them externally, with دِيبَاج or خَزّ or [the kind of silk stuff called] بِزْيَوْن; and they stuff it with something (حشّوها بما كان); and sometimes they make above it a قَوْنَس [or tapering top] of silver, &c.: (TA:) the term مِغْفَر is also applied to the helmet itself. (Mgh.)

See also مُغْفُورٌ, in three places.

مُغْفُورٌ (AA, T, Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.) andمِغْفَرٌ↓ (Ks, T, Ṣ, Ḳ) andمُغْفَرٌ↓ andمِغْفَارٌ↓ andمِغْفيرٌ↓ (Ḳ) i. q. مُغْثُورٌ; (T, Ṣ, Ḳ;) [A kind of manna;] a produce of the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث and sometimes of the عُشَر and the عُرْفُط and the ثُمَام and the سَلَم and the طَلْح &c.; (Ṣ;) the gum of the رمث and عرفط; (T;) the gum that is found upon the رمث, which is sweet, and is eaten; (AA;) a thing that flows, or exudes, from the ends of the twigs of the رمث, resembling دِبْس in its colour; (ISh, in explanation of the pl. مَغَافِيرُ;) a gum that flows, or exudes, from the عرفط, not of pleasant odour; (IAth;) a gum resembling [the kind of sweetmeat called] نَاطِف, exuded by the عرفط, which is put into a piece of cloth, then sprinkled with water, and drunk: accord. to Lth, مِغْفَارٌ↓ is applied to the gum of the إِجَّاصَة: and some say that مِغْفَرٌ↓ is applied to gum of a round shape; صُعْرُورٌ to that which is in shape like a finger; and ذَوْبٌ to that which flows upon the ground: andمِغْفَرٌ↓ is also applied to a twig of a gum-tree, from which [for بِهِ (with which), in the TA, I read مِنْهُ,] is wiped a white fluid, whereof is made a sweet beverage: (TA:) pl. [of مُغْفُورٌ and مِغْفَارٌ and مِغْفِيرٌ] مَغَافِيرُ, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,) and [of مِغْفَرٌ and مُغْفُرٌ] مَغَافِرُ: (Ḳ:) it is also said that مَغَافِيرُ is applied to a kind of sweet honey, like رُبّ, except that it is white. (TA.) [Hence the saying,]

*هٰذَا الجَنَى لَا أَنْ يُكَدَّ المُغْفُرُ↓ *

[This is gathering, not the scraping off مغفر]: a prov. alluding to the preference of a thing; said to him who obtains much good. (Ḳ.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 874.]

أَرْضٌ مَغْفُورَآءُ Land containing [trees producing] مَغَافِير. (IDrd, Ḳ.) [See مُغْفُورٌ.]