Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

فَصُحَ, (Ṣ, A, Mz in the 9th نوع, and so in some copies of the Ḳ as stated in the TA,) [aor. ـُ {يَفْصُحُ},] inf. n. فَصَاحَةٌ, (KL,) or فَصْحٌ; (Mz ubi suprà, on the authority of Er-Rághib;) orفصّح↓; (so in other copies of the Ḳ;) or the latter also; (A;) andافصح↓; (A, Ḳ, Mz;) said of milk, It became divested of the froth, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, Mz,) which is the primary signification accord. to Er-Rághib; (Mz;) and clear of its biestings: (A:) orافصح↓ has this latter signification. (Ṣ, L, Ḳ.) And فَصْحٌ, accord. to Er-Rághib, signifies [also] A thing's becoming clear of what was mixed with it. (Mz ubi suprà.)

And [hence] فَصُحَ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, and Mz ubi suprà,) [aor. ـُ {يَفْصُحُ},] inf. n. فَصَاحَةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and فَصْحٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ He (a man) was, or became, good in his language, or dialect; a metaphorical signification from the same verb as said of milk; so accord. to Er-Rághib: (Mz: see also 4: [and see فَصَاحَهٌ below:]) or he (a foreigner) was, or became, good and correct in his language, or dialect: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) or he [a man] was, or became, clear, perspicuous, or distinct, in speech, or language: and he (a foreigner) spoke Arabic intelligibly: [but this signification seems to belong more properly to أَفْصَحَ, q. v.:] or he [a man] was an Arab [by birth, and therefore in speech], and he increased in فَصَاحَة [q. v.]; likeتفصّح↓: (Ḳ:) and he was, or became, eloquent; (L;) thus used as syn. with بَلُغَ [from which it is properly distinct]. (MF.)

قَدْ فَصَحَكَ الصُّبْحُ [is said to mean] † Daybreak has become apparent to thee, and its light has overcome thee: (Ḳ,* TA:) and some say, فَضَحَكَ: [or,] accord. to Lḥ, فَصَحَهُ الصُّبْحُ means daybreak came upon him suddenly. (TA.)

فصّح: see 1, first sentence.

Also, ‡ He (a foreigner) made his tongue to speak Arabic. (A.)

افصح: see 1, first sentence, in two places.

It is also said of urine, (Ḳ, TA,) as mentioned by IAạr, but not expl. by him, (TA,) meaning It became clear, or free from turbidness. (Ḳ.)

And افصحت is said of a ewe, or she-goat, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) and of a she-camel, (TA,) meaning Her milk became free from admixture; (Ḳ;) or free from froth, and clear of its biestings: (A:) or her biestings ceased, and the milk came after: (Lḥ, TA:) or her biestings ceased, and her milk became free from admixture. (Ṣ.)

And [hence] افصح signifies also ‡ He spoke with فَصَاحَة; (Ḳ, TA;) [i. e. clearness, perspicuousness, or distinctness; accord. to the explanation of فصاحة in the Ḳ, and the usage of this verb in numerous exs.; or with chasteness, or correctness;] as also افصح الكَلَامَ and افصح بِهِ, and افصح القَوْلَ; but when the verb became in frequent use, and commonly known, the objective complement became dropped, as in the case of أَحْسَنَ, &c.: (TA:) † he spoke clearly, or plainly, (A,* Ḳ,* TA,) to another; (A, TA;) without indistinctness, or without concealment: (TA:) [and] ‡ he (a foreigner) spoke Arabic: (Ṣ, A, Mṣb:) or † spoke Arabic correctly: (ISk, Mṣb:) [and] † he (a man of barbarous or vitious or indistinct speech) spoke intelligibly. (L.) And one says, افصح فِى مَنْطِقِهِ ‡ He (a child) began to speak intelligibly. (A, L.) Andافصح فُلَانٌ ثُمَّ فَصُحَ↓ ‡ [He spoke Arabic, and then became good in his language, or dialect: so accord. to Er-Rághib, as cited in the Mz, 9th نوع; in which it is said that some, but not so correctly, use these two verbs in the converse manner: or he spoke clearly, or intelligibly, and then became chaste, or good and correct, or eloquent, in his speech, or language]. (A.) And افصح is also used in poetry as signifying † He (an animal not endowed with speech) uttered a sound, or cry, clearly. (L.) And one says, افصح عَنْ شَىْءٍ, inf. n. إِفْصَاحٌ [in this and the preceding senses], meaning ‡ He explained a thing. (A,* TA.) And افصح عَنْ مُرَادِهِ † He showed or revealed [his desire or his meaning]. (Mṣb.)

Also † It (a thing) became clearly apparent, manifest, or evident. (Ḳ.) One says, افصح الصُّبْحُ ‡ The daybreak became clearly apparent; (A,* Ḳ;) the light of daybreak appeared. (Ṣ.)

And افصح الرَّجُلُ مِنْ كَذَا † The man got clear out of such a thing; or escaped from it. (Ṣ, TA.) You say, نُفْصِحُ مِنْ شِتَائِنَا ‡ We shall get clear out of our winter. (A.)

And أَفْصَحُوا ‡ They (the Christians, Ṣ, A, Ḳ) entered upon, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or celebrated, (A,) the festival called الفِصْح [or Easter], (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) and broke their fast, eating flesh-meat. (TA.) [And said also of Jews, meaning They celebrated the Passover: see الفِصْحُ.]

تفصّح ‡ He affected (تَكَلَّفَ) the faculty, or quality, of فَصَاحَة [q. v.] (Ṣ, A, TA) فِى كَلَامِهِ [in his speech]; as alsoتفاصح↓: (Ṣ:) or he made use of the faculty of فَصَاحَة: or, as some say, [but accord. to general analogy, this signification seems to belong more properly to تفاصح↓,] he affected a resemblance to those endowed with that faculty; [or made a show of فصاحة;] like تَحَلَّمَ as meaning “he made a show of الحِلْم” [i. e. “forbearance,”, &c.; in which sense تَحَالَمَ is more commonly used]. (TA.) See also 1, latter part.

[استفصحهُ † He deemed it فَصِيح as meaning chaste, or free from barbarousness,, &c.; namely, a word, or phrase: and probably used in a similar sense in relation to a man: but perhaps post-classical: its pass. part. n. occurs in the Mgh, in art. بنى.]

اِسْتَفْصَحْتُهُ عَنْ كَذَا † [I asked him, or desired him, to explain such a thing: see 4, latter half]. (O and Ḳ in art. سنح.)

فِصْحٌ: see فَصِيحٌ, first sentence.

Also ‡ A day cloudless by reason of cold; (ISh, T, TA,) or a day without clouds and without cold; as alsoمُفْصِحٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

And الفِصْحُ [or عِيدُ الفِصْحِ] (vulgarly pronounced الفَصْح, ISk, Mṣb) ‡ The festival of the Christians, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) [namely, Easter,] when they break their fast, and eat flesh-meat, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) after haring fasted eight and forty days, the Sunday after these days being their festival: (TA:) [and the Passover of the Jews; also called الفَاسِخَ; thus with س and خ; more properly called عِيدُ الفَطِيرِ:] pl. فُصُوحٌ. (Mṣb, TA.)

فَصِيحٌ Milk divested of the froth, (Ṣ, A,) and clear of its biestings; (A:) or milk that has come after the ceasing of the biestings; as alsoفِصْحٌ↓. (Lḥ, TA.)

[And hence, ‡ Chaste, as meaning free from barbarousness: applied in this sense to a word, or an expression, and to language in general, and to a speaker, or writer: i. e.,] as applied to a word, or an expression, it means [free from an incongruous combination of letters and from strangeness and from contrariety to analogy not sanctioned by frequency of usage among the Arabs of pure speech; (see فَصَاحَةٌ, below:) or] of which the beauty is perceived by hearing: (Ḳ:) and as applied to language in general, [free from weakness of construction and from incongruity of works, with فَصَاحَة (which see again) in the words themselves:] as used by the vulgar, it means in which the rules of desinential syntax are observed: syn. مُعْرَبٌ: (L;) [and sometimes it means] eloquent; syn. بَلِيغٌ. [from which it is properly distinct]: (Ṣ:) and as applied to a man, [possessing a faculty whereby he is enabled to express what he desires, with فَصَاحَة (which see again) in languages or] clear, perspicuous, or distinct, in speech, or language; as alsoفَصْحٌ↓; (Ḳ;) but this latter is an intensive epithet, [being originally an inf. n.,] like عَدْلٌ: (TA:) [and sometimes it signifies] eloquent; syn. بَلَيغٌ [respecting which see what precedes]: (Ṣ, A:) or مُنْطَلِقُ اللِّسَانِ [i. e. free from impediment of the tongue, or eloquent, or chaste,] in speech, who knows how to distinguish what is good in language from what is bad: (TA;) the pl. as applied to men is فُصَحَآءِ and فِصَاحٌ and فُصُحٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) the last formed in the manner of the broken pl. of a subst., like قُضُبٌ pl. of قَضِيبٌ: (Sb, TA:) the fem. is فَصِيحَةٌ; of which the pl. is فِصَاحٌ and فَصَائِحُ. (Ḳ, TA.) And you say رَجُلٌ فَصِيحُ اللِّسَانِ † A man whose tongue speaks Arabic correctly. (Mṣb.) And لِسَانٌ فَصِيحٌ i. q. طَلْقٌ † [A tongue free from impediment, or eloquent, or chaste in speech]: (Ṣ:) or ‡ an eloquent tongue. (A.) And فَصِيحٌ signifies also † Any one having the faculty of speech; (Ṣ;) [i. e.] a human being; (TA:) أَعْجَمُ meaning that which is “destitute of the faculty of speech;” (Ṣ;) [i. e.] “a beast;” as also صَامتٌ: whence the saying, لَهُ مَالٌ فَصِيحٌ وَصَامِتٌ ‡ [as though meaning He has property consisting of human beings and of beasts: but see صَامِتٌ]. (TA.) And it also occurs in poetry as meaning † Clear, applied to the cry of an ass. (L.)

فَصَاحَةٌ, [an inf. n. of فَصُحَ, q. v.: as denoting a quality of a word, and of language in general, and of a speaker or writer, from the same word as relating to milk, it signifies ‡ Chasteness, as meaning freedom from barbarousness: i. e.,] in a word, freedom from an incongruous combination of letters and from strangeness and from contrariety to analogy [not sanctioned by frequency of usage among the Arabs of pure speech]; (KT, and Mz in the 9th نوع;) [for] the point upon which it turns is the frequency of the use of a word by the Arabs [of pure speech]; (Mz ibid.;) a word being known to have this quality by its being frequently used by the Arabs in whose Arabic confidence is placed, or by its being used by them more frequently than one synonymous therewith: (El-Ḳazweenee in the “Eedáh,” cited in the same نوع of the Mz:) and in language [in general], freedom from weakness of construction (ظَعْفُ التَّأْلِيفِ q. v.) and from incongruity of words, combined with فَصَاحَة in the words themselves: (KT:) and in a speaker [or writer] a faculty whereby one is enabled to express what he desires, with فَصَاحَة in language: (KT:) or goodness and correctness in language, or dialect: (Ṣ:) or clearness, perspicuousness, or distinctness, in speech, or language: (Ḳ:) and [agreeably with an explanation of فَصِيحٌ in the Ṣ and A, &c.] it is sometimes used as meaning eloquence; syn. بَلَاغَةٌ [from which it is properly distinct]. (MF.)

أَفْصَحُ [More, and most, chaste, as meaning fra from barbarousness;, &c.]: in the Ḳur xxviii. 34, it means more clear or perspicuous or distinct [in tongue] (Jel.)

[أَفْصَحِيَّةٌ The quality of being more, and most, chaste, as meaning free from barbarousness:, &c.]

مُفْصَحٌ [or as a n. of place from أَفْصَحُوا (see 4, last two sentences)] A place where the Christians celebrate the festival called الفِصْحُ [or Easter]. (A.) [And app. also A place where the Jews celebrate the festival so called by them, i. e. the Passover.]

مُفْصِحٌ: see فِصْحٌ.

Also Anything clearly apparent, manifest, or evident. (Ṣ.)