Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

فوّض إِلَيْهِ الأَمْرَ, (Ṣ, M, A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَفْوِيضٌ, (Mgh, O, Mṣb,) He committed to him the thing, affair, or case; syn. رَدَّ (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ,) or صَيَّرَ, (M,) or سَلَّمَ; (Mgh, Mṣb;) abstaining from contention, or litigation; (Mgh;) and made him arbiter thereof. (TA.) It is said in the Ḳur [xl. 47], (TA,) وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِى إِلَى ٱللّٰه (A, TA) And I commit my case unto God, making Him arbiter thereof. (TA.)

التَّفْوِيضُ فِى النِّكَاحِ, (Ṣ, O,) or نِكَاحُ التَّفْوِيضِ, (TA,) is The giving [a woman] in marriage without [requiring] a dowry. (Ṣ, O, TA.) You say, فوّض المَرْأَةِ He gave the woman in marriage without [requiring] a dowry. (Ḳ.) And فَوَّضَتْ بُضْعَهَا إِلَى زَوْجِهَا, (Mgh,) or فَوَّضَتْ نِكَاحَهَا إِلَى الزَّوْجِ, (Mṣb,) She married herself to her husband without a dowry: (Mgh, Mṣb:) or فَوَّضَتْ signifies She gave up, or renounced, the ordinance of the dowry. (Mṣb.)

مُفَاضَةٌ signifies The being copartner, or copartners, in everything; (O, Ḳ;) [as though each of two persons, or every one of more than two, committed all that he had to the other, or others;] as alsoتَفَاوُضٌ↓. (Ḳ.) [See 6.] Hence, (TA,) شِرْكَةُ المُفَاوَضَةِ Copartnership in everything; (Lth, M, Ṣ, A,* Mgh,* TA;) in which everything is common property; (Lth, M, TA;) opposed to شِرْكَةُ العِنَانِ, which is copartnership in one thing: (Lth:) or copartnership of two persons in all that they possess: (Mṣb:) or copartnership of two persons in all that is in their hands, or that they may afterwards acquire; which is null and void accord. to Esh-Sháfiʼee, but allowable accord. to Aboo-Ḥaneefeh and his two companions [Aboo-Yoosuf and Moḥammad]. (TA.) You say, شَارَكْتُهُ شِرْكَةَ مُفَاوَضَةٍ I was copartner with him in all the property that we both together possessed. (Az, TA.) Hence also, (TA,) مُفَاوَضَةُ العُلَمَآءِ The conversing and conferring of the learned on matters of science; each of two persons receiving what the other had [to communicate], and giving what he himself had to the other; as though each committed what he had to his companion. (O,* TA.)

The commixing [in social intercourse]. (A.)

The being coequal. (A, O, Ḳ.)

The competing (مُجَارَاةٌ) in an affair. (Ḳ.) You say, فَاوَضَهُ فِى أَمْرِهِ, (Ṣ, O, TA,) or فِى كَذَا, (Mgh,) He competed with him, (جَارَاهُ, Ṣ, Mgh, O, TA, [for which Golius has read جازاه, whence he has been led to assign to فاوض a wrong meaning, which Freytag has inadvertently copied,]) and did like as he did, (Mgh,) in his affair, (Ṣ, TA,) or in such an affair. (Mgh.) And فَاوَضْتُهُ I competed with him; syn. جَارَيْتُهُ: and كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا مُفَاوَضَةٌ [There was, between them two, competing]. (A.)

see 3. You say, تَفَاوَضَ الشَّرِيكَانِ فِى المَالِ The two partners were sharers in the property altogether: (Ṣ, O, TA:) or تفاوض الشريكان signifies the two partners were coequal. (A, Mgh.)

[Hence, تفاوضوا They conversed and conferred together; every one receiving what the others had to communicate, and giving what he himself had to the others: see 3.]

[And They mixed together in social intercourse: see, again, 3.]

تفاوضوا الحَدِيثَ They [discoursed together; or] began, or commenced, or entered upon, discourse. (M, Mṣb.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph {1} of art. زهو.]

Also, تفاوضوا فِى الأَمْرِ They competed (فَاوَضَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا, [every one doing like as the others did,]) in the affair. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)

فَوْضَةٌ a subst. from مُفَاوَضَةٌ (O, TA) [signifying, app., Copartnership:, &c.].

قَوْمٌ فَوْضَى A party, or company, of men who are equals, having no chief: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or separated, or in a state of dispersion; (Lth, O, Ḳ;) فوضى being pl. of فَائِضٌ, which is not in use: (Lth, O:) or mixed, (Ṣ, O, M, Ḳ,) one with another; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) in which sense, also, فوضى is applied to a number of ostriches: (Ṣ, O:) or having no commander, nor any to collect them together: (M:) or mixed, and having no commander over them. (A.) You say, النَّاسُ فَوْضَى فِى هٰذَا The people are equals in this; there is no distinction to be made between them. (Mgh.) And جَآءَ القَوْمُ فَوْضَى The party, or company, of men came mixed together. (Ṣ.) And الوَحْشُ فَوْضَى The wild animals are in a state of separation, or dispersion, (O, TA,) going to and fro. (TA.) أَمْوَالُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ Their possessions are property which they share among themselves; as also فَيْضُوضَآءُ and فَيْضُوضَى. (Ṣ.) And مَتَاعُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ, and فَوْضَى فَضًا, Their goods are common property among them. (M.) And المَالُ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ The property is promiscuous among them: whosoever desireth of them a thing taketh it. (Mṣb.) And كَانَتْ خَيْبَرُ فَوْضَى Kheyber was promiscuous (Mgh) common property (Mgh, Mṣb) among the Companions; not divided. (Mṣb.)

أَمْرُهُمْ فَوْضَى, andفَوْضَآءُ↓, (M,) or فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ, and فَيْضَى, (TA,) Their case is mixed, or promiscuous: or is equal among them: (Lḥ, M, TA:) or أَمْرُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ, (AZ, O, Ḳ,) orفَوْضُوضَآءُ↓ بَيْنَهُمْ, (TA,) or both, (O, TA,) Their case is mixed, or promiscuous, (AZ, O, Ḳ,) every one of them making free use of that which belongs to another, (Ḳ,) one wearing the garment of another, and one eating the food of another, none of them consulting his companion respecting that which he does without his order. (AZ, O.) [See a similar phrase voce مَشْوَرَةٌ.]

تَفْوَاضَةٌ Remains of life: (O, TA:) so in the saying, رَأَيْتُ التَّفْوَاضَةَ لِفُلَانٍ (O) or بِفُلَانٍ (TA) [I saw the remains of life pertaining to, or in, such a one].

مُفَوِّضَةٌ A woman who marries herself to her husband without a dowry: (Mgh, Mṣb:) or who gives up, or renounces, the ordinance of the dowry: (Mṣb:) or, accord. to some, the word is مُفَوَّضَةٌ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) meaning married by her guardian without the naming of the dowry: (Mgh:) or meaning having the affair of the dowry committed to her by the law, so that she may make it obligatory or annul it: (Mṣb:) or meaning married without the mention of a dowry, or on the condition of her having no dowry. (KT.)