Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

قَبَضَهُ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Mṣb,) or قَبَضَهُ بِيَدِهِ, (O, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَقْبِضُ}, (A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. قَبْضٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) He took it with his hand, (A, O, Ḳ,) by actual touch, or feel: (O:) or the former signifies he closed his hand upon it: (Lth:) [he grasped it; griped it; clutched it; seized it:] or he took it with the whole of his hand: (Bḍ, xx. 96:) or i. q. أَجَذَهُ [he took it in any manner: he took it with his hand: he took possession of it: and he received it]: (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb:) and قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ, and بِهِ, (M,) or قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ بِيَدَهِ, (A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) he grasped it, clutched it, laid hold upon it, or seized it, with his hand; syn. أَمْسَكَهُ: (A, Ḳ:) or he seized it (أَنْحَى عَلَيْهِ) with the whole of his hand: (M:) or he closed, or contracted, his fingers upon it: (Mgh, Mṣb:) it is also said, by MF, that some assert قَبْضٌ to signify the “taking with the ends of the fingers;” but this is a mistranscription, for قَبْضٌ, with the unpointed ص. (TA [in which it is said, in another place in this art., thatتَقْبِيضٌ↓ has also this last signification; but this is evidently, in like manner, a mistranscription, for تَقْبِيضٌ.]) You say, قَبَضَ المَتَاعَ [He took, or received, the commodity, or the commodities, or goods]. (A.) And قَبَضَ مِنْهُ الدَّيْنَ [He took, or received, from him the debt]. (M, Ḳ, in art. قضى;, &c.). And it is said in the Ḳur, [xx. 96,] فَقَبَضْتُ قَبْضَةً مِنْ أَثَرِ الرَّسُولِ, (M,) and, accord. to an extraordinary reading, قَبِيضَةً↓, (B,) meaning [And I took a handful] of the dust from the footstep of the hoof of the horse of the messenger [Gabriel]: (IJ, M:) andإِقْتَبَضَ↓ مِنْ أَتَرِهِ قَبْضَةً signifies the same as قَبَضَ: and قَبَصَ [q. v.] is [said to be] a dial. form thereof. (TA.) And you say, قَبَضَ الطَّائِرَ He collected, or comprehended, the bird in his grasp. (A.) And قَبَضَ عَلَى عُرْفِ الفَرَسِ [He grasped, or laid hold upon, the mane of the horse]. (A.)

It is also used metaphorically, to denote the having an absolute property in a thing, to dispose of it at pleasure, without respect to the hand; as in the phrase قَبَضْتُ الأَرْضَ, and الدَّارَ, ‡ I had, or took, or got, possession of the land, and of the house. (TA.) And [in like manner] it is said in a trad., يَقْبِضُ ٱللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ, and السَّمَآءَ, † God will comprehend, or collect together, [within his sole possession, (see قُبْضَةٌ,)] the earth, and the heaven. (TA.) [In like manner] you say also, قَبَضَ عَلَى غَرِيمِهِ ‡ [He arrested his debtor: used in this sense in the present day]. (A.) And قَبَضَ ٱللّٰهُ رُوحَهُ ‡ God took his soul. (TA.) And قَبَضَهُ ٱللّٰهُ ‡ God caused him to die. (Mṣb.) And قُبِضَ ‡ He (a man, Ṣ, M, A) died: (Ṣ M, A,* Ḳ:) and also † he (a sick man) was at the point of death; in the state of having his soul taken; in the agony of death. (L, TA.) And قَبَضْتُهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ † I removed him from the thing, or affair. (Mṣb.)

قَبَضَهُ, aor. as above, (M, Ḳ,) and so the inf. n., (Ṣ, M, Mgh,) also signifies the † contr. of بَسَطَهُ; (Ṣ,* M, Mgh,* Ḳ;) and soقبّضهُ↓, (IAạr, M,) inf. n. تَقْبِيضٌ. (TA.) [As such, † He contracted it; or drew it together.] You say, قَبَضَ رِجْلَهُ وَبَسَطَهَا ‡ [He contracted his leg, and extended it]. (A.) And قَبَضَ كَفَّهُ [He clenched his hand]. (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, in art. برجم.). And قَبَضَ يَدَهُ عَنْهُ † [He drew in his hand from it: or] he refrained from laying hold upon it. (Ḳ.) Whence the saying in the Ḳur, [ix. 68,] وَيَقْبِضُونَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ, meaning † [And they draw in their hands, or refrain,] from expenditure, or from paying the [poor-rate called] زَكَاة. (TA.) You say also,قبّض↓ جَنَاحَهُ † He (a bird) contracted his wing: (M:) or قَبَضَ, or قَبَضَ جَنَاحَهُ, † he contracted his wing to fly. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) قَبَضَ, aor. as above; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) or قَبُضَ (M;) [or both;] inf. n. [of the former] قَبْضٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and [of the latter, as indicated in the M,] قَبَاضَةٌ (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ) and قَبَاضٌ; (M;) ‡ He (a bird, Ṣ, Ḳ, and a horse, A, and a man, Ṣ, or other [animal], K,) was quick, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) in flight, or in going or pace. (Ḳ.) يَقْبِضْنَ, said of birds, in the Ḳur, [lxvii. 19,] is [said to be] an ex. of this signification. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*) You say also, قَبَضَتِ الإِبِلُ ‡ The camels were quick in their pace; at every spring therein, putting their legs together. (A.) Andإِنْقَبَضَ↓ ‡ He, or it, (a company of men, M,) went, or journeyed, and was quick. (Lth, M, Ḳ.) Andإِنْقَبَضَ↓ فُلَانٌ فِى حَاجَتِهِ ‡ Such a one was quick, and light, or active, in accomplishing his want. (A.) And قَبْضٌ also signifies i. q. نَزْوٌ † [The act of leaping,, &c.]. (TA.)

[Also, as contr. of بَسَطَهُ,] † He collected it together. (Az.) And hence, (Az,) قَبَضَ الإِبِلَ, (Az, M,) aor. ـِ {يَقْبِضُ}, inf. n. قَبْضٌ (Az, Ṣ, M) † He drove (Az, Ṣ, M) the camels violently, or roughly, (Az, M.) or quickly: (Ṣ:) because the driver collects them together, when he desires to drive them; for when they disperse themselves from him, the driving of them is difficult: (Az, TA:) andإِنْقَبَضَ↓ بِهَا [signifies the same, or, agreeably with an explanation given above, ‡ he went quickly with them]. (M.) And العَيْرُ يَقْبِضُ عَانَتَهُ † The he-ass drives away his she-ass. (M.)

[As such also,] قَبَضَهُ; (A;) andقبّضهُ↓, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَقْبِيضٌ; (Ṣ;) ‡ He, or it, drew it, collected it, or gathered it, together; contracted it, shrank it, or wrinkled it. (Ṣ, M, A,* Ḳ.) You say, قَبَضَ وَجْهَهُ ‡ [He, or it, contracted, or wrinkled, his face]. (A.) And قَبَضَتِ النَّارُ الجِلْدَةَ ‡ [The fire contracted, shrank, or shrivelled, the piece of skin]. (A.) Andقَبَّضَ↓ مَا بَيْنِ عَيْنَيْهِ † He contracted, or wrinkled, the part between his eyes. (M, TA.) Andيَوْمٌ يُقَبِّضُ↓ مَا بَيْنَ العَيْنَيْنِ † [A day that contracts, or wrinkles, the part between the eyes]; a metonymical phrase, denoting vehemence of fear, or of war. (M, TA.*) And in like manner you say,يَوْمٌ يُقَبِّضُ↓ الحَشَى † [A day that contracts the bowels]. (M.) [And hence قَبَضَ, aor. and inf. n. as first mentioned, † It (a medicine, or food, &c.,) astringed, or constipated. And † It (food) was astringent in taste; as alsoتَقَبَّضَ↓.]

As such also, قَبَضَهُ, signifies † He straitened it; scanted it; made it scanty. (Mṣb, TA.) You say, قَبَضَ ٱللّٰهُ الرِزْقَ, aor. and inf. n. as first mentioned, † God straitened, scanted, or made scanty, the means of subsistence. (Mṣb.) And it is said in the Ḳur, [ii. 246,] وَٱللّٰهُ يَقْبِضُ وَيَبْسُطُ † And God straitens, or scants, or makes scanty, the means of subsistence, to some, (Bḍ, Mṣb,* TA,*) or withholds the means of subsistence from whom He will, (Jel,) and amplifies, enlarges, or makes ample or plentiful, the same, (Bḍ, Mṣb, Jel, TA,) to some, (Bḍ, TA,) or to whom He will. (Jel.)

[As such also, † He abridged his liberty.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَبْسُطُ غَبِيدَهُ ثُمَّ يَقْبِضُهُمْ ‡ [Such a one enlarges the liberty of his slaves; then abridges their liberty]. (A.)

[As such also, ‡ He, or it, contracted his heart; i. e. distressed him; grieved him.] You say, إِنَّهُ يَقْبِضُنِى مَا يَقْبِضُكَ وَيَبْسُطُنِى مَا يَبْسُطُكَ ‡ [Verily what distresses thee, or grieves thee, distresses, or grieves, me; and what rejoices thee rejoices me]. (A.) [And it is related in a trad., that] Moḥammad said, فَاطِمَةُ مِنِّى يَقْبِضُنِى مَا قَبَضَهَا وَيَبْسُطُنِى مَا بَسَطَهاَ ‡ [Fátimeh is as though she were a part of me: what hath distressed her, or grieved her, distresses, or grieves, me; and what hath rejoiced her rejoices me]. (TA.) Or the phrase إِنَّهُ لَيَقْبِضُنِى مَا قَبَضَكَ, mentioned by Lth, means † Verily what hath annoyed and angered thee annoys and angers me. (Az, TA.) قَبْضٌ and بَسْطٌ are terms applied by the investigators of truth among the Soofees to two contrary states of the heart, from both of which it is seldom or never free: the former being an affection of the heart withholding it from dilatation and joy; whether the cause thereof be known, as the remembrance of a sin or an offence, or of an omission, or be not known; and some of them make other divisions thereof. (TA.) [In like manner] you say also,اِنْقَبَضْتُ↓ عَنَّا فَمَا قَبَضَكَ ‡ [Thou shrankest from us: and what made thee to shrink?]. (A.)

[As such also, ‡ He, or it, made him close-fisted, tenacious, or niggardly.] You say, الخَيْرُ يَقْبِضُهُ وَالشَّرُّ يَبْسُطُهُ ‡ [Wealth makes him close-fisted, tenacious, or niggardly; and poverty makes him open-handed, liberal, or generous]. (A.)

see a remark appended to the first sentence in this art. {1}:

see also فَبَضَهُ as contr. of بَسَطَهُ, in six places.

قَبَّضَهُ المَالَ, (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ,*) or المَتَاعَ, (A,) inf. n. تَقْبِيضٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He gave to him, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) in his grasp, or possession, (Ḳ,) i. e. to him who should receive it, (Ṣ,) the property, (Ṣ, M,) or commodity, or commodities, or goods; (A;) i. e. he transferred it to his possession; (TA;) [lit. he made him to take it, to take it with his hand, to grasp it, or to receive it;] as alsoأَقْبَضَهُ↓ إِيَّاهُ. (A.)

قابضهُ, inf. n. مُقَابَضَةٌ (AZ, A) and قِبَاضٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA in art. شرى,) He bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him. (AZ, in TA, art, خوص.) [See also قَايَضَهُ.]

اقبضهُ المَتَاعَ [or المَالَ]: see 2.

القبضهُ He put, or made, a handle to it, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) namely a knife, (Ṣ, M, A,) and a sword. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

تقبّض quasi-pass. of قَبَّضَهُ as contr. of بَسَطَهُ; (M;) as alsoاِنْقَبَضَ↓ is of قَبَضَهُ in the same sense, (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ,*) being contr. of اِنْبَسَطَ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) [As such,] both signify † It became drawn, collected, or gathered, together; or it drew, collected, or gathered, itself together; or contracted; or shrank; syn. of the former, تَجَمَّعَ; (TA;) and of the latter, اِنْضَمَّ [which also signifies it became drawn and joined, or adjoined, to another thing;, &c.]. (O, Ḳ.) So the latter signifies in the phraseانقبض↓ فِى حَاجَتِى † [It became comprised in, or adjoined to, the object of my want]. (O.)

[As such also,] the former signifies ‡ It (a man's face, A, or the part between the eyes, M,) became contracted, or wrinkled; (M, A;*) and in like manner a piece of skin, in, or upon, a fire; meaning it became contracted, shrunken, or shrivelled; it shrank: (so in different copies of the Ṣ:) or it (skin, Ḳ, or the skin of a man, TA) became contracted, or shrunken; (Ḳ, TA;) and so an old man. (A.)

[As such also,] تَقبّض عَنْهُ ‡ He shrank, or shrank with aversion, from him, or it; (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ;) as alsoاِنْقَبَضَ↓ عَنْهُ: (A:) [see an ex. of the latter near the end of 1.] الاِنْقِبَاضُ↓ عَنِ النَّاسِ also signifies † The withdrawing, removing, or retiring, from men. (TA.) Andاِنْقَبَضَ↓ عَنِ الأَمْرِ † He removed, or became removed, from the thing, or affair. (Mṣb.)

تقبّض عَلَى الأَمْرِ ‡ He paused, or waited, at the thing, or affair; syn. تَوَقَّفَ. (M, A.)

تقبّض إِلَيْهِ † He leaped, or sprang, towards him. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

See also 1; last third of the paragraph.

تقابض المُتَيَايِعَانِ [The two parties in an affair of traffic bartered, or exchanged commodities, each with the other: see 3]. (A.)

انقبض It (a thing) became مَقْبُوض [meaning taken, taken with the hand, grasped, or received]. (Ṣ.)

See also 5, in six places.

And see 1, in three places, about the middle of the paragraph.

اقتبضهُ لِنَفْسِهِ [He took it, took it with his hand, grasped it, clutched it, seized it, took possession of it, or received it, for himself]. (A.) See an ex. in 1, before the first break in the paragraph.

قَبْضٌ The act of taking, taking with the hand; [grasping; clutching; seizing;] taking possession of; or receiving. (Ṣ, Mṣb.)

And [hence], Possession; (Ṣ, TA;) as alsoقَبْضَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, TA:) or the latter is a n. un. [signifying an act of taking, or taking with the hand; a grasp; a seizure;, &c.]. (TA.) You say, صَارَ الشَّىْءُ فِى قَبْضِكَ, andقَبْضَتِكَ↓, The thing became in thy possession. (Ṣ, M.*) And هٰذِهِ الدَّارُ فِى قَبْضِى, (TA,) andقَبْضَتِى↓, (M, TA,) This house is in my possession; (M, TA;) like as you say, فِى يَدَى. (TA.)

قَبَضٌ i. q. مَقْبُوضٌ; (Mgh, Ḳ;) like هَدَمٌ in the sense of مَهْدُومٌ, and نَفَضٌ in the sense of مَنْفُوضٌ; (TA;) meaning What is taken, of articles of property (Ṣ, M) of people: (Ṣ:) what is collected, (Lth,) or taken and collected, (Mgh,) of spoils, before they are divided. (Lth, Mgh.) You say, دَخَلَ مَالُ فُلَانٍ فِى القَبَضِ The property of such a one entered into what was taken of the articles of property of the people. (Ṣ.) And إِطْرَحَهُ فِى القَبَضِ (A, Mgh) Throw thou it among the things that have been taken: (Mgh:) said to Saạd Ibn-Abee- Wakkás, when he slew Saʼeed Ibn-El-'Ás, and took his sword: so in a trad. (TA.) And in another trad. it is said, جُعِلَ سَلْمَانُ عَلَى قَبَضٍ Selmán was set over spoils that were taken and yet undivided, to guard and divide them. (Mgh.)

قَبْضَةٌ: [pl. قَبَضَاتٌ:] see قَبْضٌ, in three places.

See also قُبْضَةٌ, in four places.

And see مَقْبِضٌ.

Also, [The measure of a man's fist, from side to side;] four finger-breadths; (Mgh, Mṣb, voce جَرِيبٌ;) the sixth part of the common ذِرَاع [or cubit: but in the present day, the measure of a man's fist with the thumb erect; which is about six inches and a quarter]: pl. قَبَضَاتٌ. (Mgh, Mṣb, vocibus ذِرَاعٌ and جَرِيبٌ.)

قُبْضَةٌ (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) [A handful;] what one takes with the hand, or grasps; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) مِنْ كَذَا [of such a thing]; (Mgh;) as, for instance, مِنْ سَوِيقٍ [of meal of parched barley]; (Ṣ;) or مِنْ تَمْرٍ [of dates]; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb;) i. e. كَفّاً; (Ṣ;) as alsoقَبْضَةٌ↓; (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ;) but the former is the more common; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) andقَبِيضَةٌ↓: (B:) or the first is a subst. in the sense of مَقْبُوضٌ, and the second is a n. un.: (TA:) the pl. of the first is قُبَضٌ. (TA.) You say also,هٰذَا قَبْضَةُ↓ كَفِّى This is the quantity that my hand grasps. (M.) See two other exs. of the second word, and an ex. of the third, in 1, before the first break in the paragraph. It is also said in the Ḳur, [xxxix. 67,]وَٱلْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ↓ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ, i. e. قُبْضَتُهُ, for قَبْضَةٌ is an inf. n. [of un.] used as a subst., or is for ذَاتُ قَبْضَةٍ, (Bḍ,) and the literal signification is, [And the earth altogether shall be] his handful [on the day of resurrection]; (Bḍ, Jel;) meaning in his possession (Jel, TA) alone, (TA,) and at his free and absolute disposal: (Jel:) Th says, that this is like the phrase هٰذِهِ الدَّارُ فِى قَبْضَتِى, meaning as explained above, voce قَبْضٌ; but this opinion is not valid: (M:) another reading is قَبْضَتَهُ↓, in the accus. case, (M, Bḍ,) as an adv. n.; that which is determinate being thus likened to what is vague; (Bḍ;) and this is allowed by some of the grammarians; but it is not allowed by any one of the grammarians of El-Basrah. (M.) It is also said, in the trad. of Bilál and the dates, فَجَعَلَ يَجِىْءُ بِهِ قُبَضًا قُبَضًا [And he set about bringing them (the pronoun referring to التَّمْر the dates) handfuls by handfuls]. (TA.)

قُبَضَةٌ, (Ḳ,) or قُبَضَةٌ رُفَضَةٌ, (Ṣ, M, A, TA,) to this latter, not to the former alone, the following explanation applies, (TA,) A man who lays hold upon a thing, and then leaves it without delay. (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ.) And the former, A pastor who draws his sheep or goats together, not going far and wide in pasturing them: (Ṣ:) or who manages well (A, Ḳ) for his sheep or goats, (Ḳ,) or for his beasts, collecting them together, and, when he finds a place of pasture, spreads them abroad: (A:) and the latter, a pastor who manages well, and is gentle with his pasturing beasts, collecting them together and driving them, when their place of pasturage becomes wanting in herbage, and, when they light upon a piece of herbage, leaves them to spread abroad and pasture at pleasure: (Az, TA:) or who collects together his camels, and drives them until he brings them whithersoever he will. (M.) [See also art. رفض.]

قَابِضٌ Taking with the hand: [or in any manner: taking possession of: receiving: (see 1:)] grasping, clutching, or seizing, with the hand: and in like manner, [but in an intensive sense,] قَبَّاضٌ↓: (Ḳ:) or the latter is of the dial. of the people of El-Medeeneh, applied to him who [grasps or] collects everything: (Aboo-ʼOthmán El-Mázinee:) andقبَّاضَةٌ↓ [which is doubly intensive]; (Ḳ;) the ة in this last not denoting the fem. gender. (TA.) قَابِضُ الأَرْوَاحِ [‡ The taker of the souls] is an appellation of [the Angel of Death,] 'Izrá-eel, or 'Azrá-eel. (TA.) And القَابِضُ, one of the names of God, signifies ‡ The Withholder [or Straitener or Scanter] of the means of subsistence, and of other things, from his servants, by his graciousness and his wisdom: and the Taker of souls, at the time of death. (TA.)

A bird † contracting his wing to fly. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) قَابِضٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andقَبِيضٌ↓ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) A bird, (Ḳ,) or horse, (A,) or other [animal], (Ḳ,) ‡ quick (A, Ḳ) in flight, or in going or pace: (Ḳ:) or a man † light, or active, and quick: (Ṣ:) and [hence, app.,] the latter also signifies † an intelligent man, who keeps, or adheres, to his art, or work. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ḳ.) Andقَبِيضُ↓ الشَّدِّ A horse, (Ṣ, Ḳ, in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ “a man,” which is a mistake, though it seems to be also applied to a man, TA,) or a beast of carriage, (L,) † quick in the shifting of the legs from place to place [in running]. (Ṣ, L, Ḳ.)

A camel-driver † driving quickly; a quick driver; and in like manner, [but in an intensive sense,] قَبَّاضٌ↓, and [in a doubly intensive sense] قَبَّاضَةٌ↓: (Ṣ:) or the last signifies † driving away vehemently; the ة denoting intensiveness; and is applied to an ass driving away his she-ass, and to a camel-driver. (M.) [See an ex. of the first, voce عَائِضً, in art. عوض.]

[Applied to medicine, food, &c., † Astringent, or constipating.]

مَقْبَضٌ A place of taking, taking with the hand, [grasping, clutching, seizing,] or receiving: extr. [in form, for by rule it should be مَقْبِضٌ]. (M.) See also what next follows.

مَقْبِضٌ (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) andمَقْبَضٌ↓, (Lth, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) but the former is the more common and the better known, (Lth,) andمِقْبَضٌ↓, (M, Ḳ,) and with ة {مَقْبِضَةٌ}, (Ḳ,) i. e.مَقْبِضَةٌ↓, andمِقْبَضَةٌ↓, (M,) The handle; or part where it is grasped, (Ṣ, M, A,* Mgh,* Mṣb, Ḳ,) by the hand, (Mṣb,) or with the whole hand; (Ṣ;) of a sword, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) andقَبْضَةٌ↓ is said to signify the same; (TA;) or of a knife, (M, A,) and of a bow, (Ṣ, A,) and of a whip, (A,), &c., (Ḳ,) or of anything: (M:) orمَقْبِضَةٌ↓ orمِقْبَضَةٌ↓ signifies the place of the hand of a spear or spear-shaft: (ISh:) pl. مَقَابِضُ. (A.)

مَقْبُوضٌ pass. part. n. of قَبَضَهُ. See قَبَضٌ, and قُبْضَةٌ.

‡ Taken to the mercy of God; (A;) dead. (Ṣ.)

مُنْقَبِّضٌ, (O, TṢ,) orمَتَقَبِّضٌ↓, (Ḳ,) A lion prepared to spring: (Ḳ:) or a lion drawn together: and one prepared to spring: (O, TA:) but the conjunction should rather be omitted. (TA.)