Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

نَذَرَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ, (Yoo, Akh, T, Ṣ, M, A,* Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَنْذِرُ} and ـُ {يَنْذُرُ}, (M, Ḳ,) inf. n. نَذْرٌ (Yoo, Akh, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) and نُذُورٌ, (M, Ḳ,) [He made a vow; imposed upon himself a vow; أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا that he would do such a thing; either absolutely, or conditionally, as will be explained below;] he made [a future action] binding, or obligatory, on himself; (T, M, A, Ḳ;) as alsoانتذر↓. (Ḳ.) Andانتذر↓ نَذْرًا signifies the same as نَذَرَ [He vowed a vow]. (Ṣgh.) You say also نَذَرْتُ مَالِى, aor. ـُ {يَنْذُرُ} [and ـِ as implied in the Ḳ] inf. n. نَذْرٌ, [I vowed my property; made a vow to give it.] (Yoo, Akh, Ṣ, Ḳ.*) And نَذَرْتُ لِلّٰهِ كَذَا, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَنْذُرُ} and ـِ {يَنْذِرُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. نَذْرٌ, (Mṣb,) I made it binding, or obligatory, on myself, [i. e., I vowed,] of my own free will, to do or to give such a thing to God; namely, some religious service, or an alms, &c.: (TA:) or نَذْرٌ signifies the promising conditionally; as when one says, “Such a thing shall be obligatory on me if God restore to health my sick [son or other]:” this is termed نَذْرٌ: but the saying “I impose upon myself the giving a deenár as alms,” is not so termed. (Ḳ.) The doing this is repeatedly forbidden in traditions: but what is meant thereby is, one's doing so in the belief that he may attain by it something which God has not decreed to betide him, or that he may divert from himself something decreed to befall him: yet if he do so, fulfilment is obligatory on him. (IAth.) You say also, نَذَرَ الوَلَدَ, (M, Ḳ,) and نَذَرَتْهُ, (M,) He (the father, M, Ḳ) and she (the mother, M) appointed the child [by a vow] to be a minister or servant to the church, (M, Ḳ,) or to a place appropriated to religious services or exercises, or acts of devotion: (TA:) so in the Ḳur, iii. 31. (M.)

نَذِرَ بِالشَّىْءِ, aor. ـَ {يَنْذَرُ}, (M, IḲṭṭ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. نَذَرٌ (M, IḲṭṭ) and نَذَارَةٌ and نِذَارَةٌ, (IḲṭṭ,) or, as some assert, it has no inf. n., like عَسَى, &c., the Arabs being content to use in its stead أَنْ followed by the verb, as is said in the 'Ináyeh, on the Ḳur, chap. xiv., (MF,) He knew of the thing: (Mṣb:) or he knew of the thing and was cautious of it or on his guard against it or in fear of it. (M, Ḳ.) You say also نَذِرَ القَوْمُ بالعَدُوِّ (Ṣ, A) The people knew of the enemy: (Ṣ:) or knew of the enemy and prepared themselves for them: (A:) or knew of the enemy and were cautious of them or on their guard against them or in fear of them. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنْذَرِ القَوْمَ Have thou knowledge of the people and be cautious of them or on thy guard against them or in fear of them. (TA.)

أَنْذَرْتُهُ بِالأَمْرِ, (M, Ḳ,) and انذرته الشَّىْءَ, (Mṣb,) inf. n. إِنْذَارٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and نُذْرٌ (M, Ḳ) the latter accord. to Kr, but correctly it is a simple subst., (M,) and نُذُرٌ, (T, Ḳ,) or this is pl. of نَذِيرٌ, (T,) and نَذْرٌ, (Ḳ,) accord. to Lh and Kr, (TA,) [but this is properly a simple subst.,] and نَذِيرٌ, (M, Ḳ,) accord. to Zj, (M,) or Ez-Zejjájee, (TA,) but this should rather be regarded as a simple subst., (T, M,) I informed him, or advised him, of the thing: (M, Ḳ, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and [I warned him of the thing;] I cautioned him, or put him on his guard, against the thing, and put him in fear, (M,* Ḳ,) in my communication or announcement: (Ḳ:) in this sense the verb is used in the Ḳur, xl. 18: (M, TA:) or I announced to him the thing, (Ṣ,* Mṣb,) generally in a case of putting in fear the person addressed, or frightening him, (Mṣb,) or never otherwise than in such a case: (Ṣ:) and thus the verb is used in the Ḳur, ubi supra., وَأَنْذرْهُم يَوْمَ آلازِفَةِ [And warn them and put them in fear of the day of the approaching event, the day of resurrection] meaning, put them in fear of its punishment: (Mṣb:) and أَنْذَزْتُهُ بِكَذَا I informed him, or advised him, of such a thing. (Mṣb.) انذرهُ also signifies He (a spy) informed him, or advised him, of the state of the enemy: in the copies of the Ḳ, نَذَرَهُ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) And you say, أَنْذَرْتُ القَوْمَ مَسِيرَ العَدُرِّ إِلَيْهِمْ I informed the people of the march of the enemy towards them, to put them on their guard. (T.) And أَنْذَرْتُ القَوْمَ بِالعَدُوِّ, and أَنْذَرْتُهُمُ العَدُوَّ, signify the same. (A.) It is said in a proverb, قَدْ أَعْذَرَ مَنْ أَنْذَرَ, meaning, He hath become excused, and averted from himself the blame of men, who hath warned thee that he will punish thee for a future evil deed proceeding from thee, if thou then do the evil deed and he punish thee. (T.) See also أَعْذَرَ, in two places: and see عُذْرٌ.

تناذر القَوْمُ The people warned, or cautioned, one another, or put one another in fear, (M, Ḳ,) of a terrifying evil. (TA.) You say تناذر القَوْمُ كَذَا The people warned one another, (Ṣ,) and put one another in fear, of such a thing. (Ṣ, A.) A poet says, (Ṣ,) namely, En-Nábighah, (T, TA,) describing a serpent, (T,) and his being threatened by En-Noamán so that he passed the night as though he had been stung, turning over and over upon his bed, (TA,)

* تَنَاذَرَهَا الرَّاقُونَ مِنْ سُوْءِ سَمِّهَا *

* تُطَلِّقُهُ طَوْرًا وَطَوْرًا تُرَاجِعُ *

[Of which the charmers have warned one another, and put one another in fear, on account of the evil nature of its poison, which it discharges one time and one time draws back]. (T, Ṣ, TA.)

استنذر إِلَيْهِ He offered warning to him (A, TA, art. عذر.) See استعذر.

نَذْرٌ A vow, which a man makes to be binding, or obligatory, on himself; (T, M,* Ḳ,* TA;) [either absolutely, or conditionally: (see نَذَرَ:)] pl. نُذُورٌ: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:*) and in the following verse of Ibn-Aḥmar, some say that نُذُر is pl. of نَذْرٌ, like as رُهُنٌ is pl. of رَهْنٌ; but others say that it is pl. of نَذِيرٌ in the sense of مَنْذُورٌ:

* كَمْ دُونَ لَيْلَى مِنْ تَنُوفِيَّةٍ *

* لَمَّاعَةٍ تُنْذَرُ فِيهَا النُّذُرْ *

[How many a waterless desert glistening with the mirage, in which vows, or things vowed, are vowed, lie in the way to Leylà!]. (Ṣ.)

Also, ‡ The mulct for an intentional wound; used in this sense by Esh-Sháfiʼee, (T, TA,) and of the dial. of El-Ḥijáz; (TA;) i. q. أَرْشٌ, (T, A, Ḳ, TA,) which is of the dial. of the people of El-'Irák: (T, TA:) pl. نُذُورٌ: (T, A, Ḳ:) said by Aboo-Nahshal to be only for wounds, small and great. (T, Ḳ.*) You say, لِى قِبَلَ فُلَانٍ نَذْرٌ, (T, TṢ, L,) or عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ, (Ḳ,) ‡ A mulct for a wound is owed to me. (T, Ḳ, &c.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ نَذْرَ جُرْحِهِ ‡ I gave him the mulct for his wound. (A.) Aboo-Saʼeed Ed-Dareer says that it is thus called لِأَنَّهُ نُذِرَ فِيهِ, i. e., because it is made binding, or obligatory, for it; [namely, for the wound;] from the phrase نَذَرْتُ علَى نَفْسِى. (T, TA.)

[A votive offering].

See also نُذْرٌ.

نُذْرٌ (M) andنُذُرٌ↓ (T, Ṣ, Ḳ) [andنَذْرٌ↓ (see 4)] andنَذِيرٌ↓ (Ṣ, M) andنَذِيرَةٌ↓ (M) andنِذَارَةٌ↓ (Esh-Sháfiʼee, Ḳ) andنُذْرَى↓ (Ḳ) are substs. in the sense of إِنْذَارٌ [meaning An informing, or advising, of a thing: and a warning, or cautioning, and putting one on his guard, against a thing, and putting one in fear of a thing;, &c.: (see 4:)] (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) or a putting one in fear in announcing a thing. (TA.) عُذْرًا أَوْ نُذْرًا and عُذُرًا أَوْ نُذُرًا, accord. to different readings, in the Ḳur, lxxvii. 6, put in the accus. case as causal complements, signify لِلْإِعْذَارِ وَٱلْإِنْذَارِ [For excusing and warning]. (Zj, T.) [See also art. عذر.] And in like manner, نُذُرِ↓, in the Ḳur, liv. 16, &c., signifies إِنْذَارِى. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And so نَذِيرِ↓, in the Ḳur, lxvii. 17. (T, M.) Hence also the saying of the Arabs, عُذْرَاكَ لَا نُذْرَاكَ, meaning, أَعْذِرُ وَلَا تُنْذِرْ [i. e. Do thou that for which thou wilt be excused, by inflicting punishment when it is deserved, and do not merely warn and put in fear]. (TA.)

نَذِيرٌ i. q. مُنْذِرٌ↓, (T, Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) as alsoنَذِيرَةٌ↓; (M;) i. e. [One who gives information, or advice, of a thing, or things: and one who warns;] one who cautions; (M, TA;) and who puts in fear: (TA:) one who gives notice to a people of an enemy, or other thing, that has come upon them; (TA;) a spy who gives notice, to a people, of an enemy, to put them on their guard; (A;) and in like manner نَذِيرَةٌ↓, a spy who informs an army of the state of the enemy: (T, Ḳ:) نَذِيرٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ: (M, L:) or its verb was نَذَرَ, but this has become obsolete: (T:) its pl. is نُذُرٌ; (M, Mṣb, Ḳ;) occurring in the Ḳur, liv. 23, [&c.]. (TA.)

[Hence,] ابو مُنْذِرٍ The cock (Ḥar. p. 644).

[And also,] النَّذِيرُ The apostle: (M, Ḳ:) so in the Ḳur, xxxv. 34, accord. to Th: (M:) the prophet Moḥammad: (T, Ḳ:) so, accord. to most of the expositors, in that verse of the Ḳur. (T.)

Hoariness, or whiteness of the hair: (T, M, Ḳ:) so, accord. to some, in the verse of the Ḳur, last referred to: (T, M:) but the explanation immediately preceding is more probable. (T.)

The sound of a bow: (AḤn, M, Ḳ:) because it warns, or frightens, (يُنْدِرُ,) that which is shot at. (AḤn, M.)

I. q. مَنْذُورٌ [i. e. Vowed]: pl. نُذُرٌ. (Ṣ.) See نَذْرٌ.

See also نُذْرٌ.

نَذِيرَةٌ [A votive gift;] that which he gives who makes a vow. (M, Ḳ.)

A child appointed by the father (M, Ḳ) and mother (M) [by a vow] to be a minister, or servant to the church, (M, Ḳ,) or to a place appropriated to religious services, or exercises, or acts of devotion: (T:) pl. نَذَائِرُ. (T.)

See also نَذِيرٌ, in two places.

And see نُذْرٌ.

فُلَانٌ مُنَذِّرٌ إِلَىَّ بِعِيْنِهِ, andنَاذِرٌ↓, Such a one is looking at me hard or intently, and making his eye prominent. (T, in TA, art. زنر.)

مُتَنَاذَرٌ [A thing of which people warn or caution one another, or of which they put one another in fear]: applied to a disease [&c.]. (TA, art. خبر voce خَيْبَرَى.)

[Hence,] المُتَنَاذَرُ † The lion. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)