Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

أَبَى, aor. يَأْبَى, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) which is anomalous, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb,) because it has no faucial letter (Ṣ, Mṣb) for its second or third radical, (Mṣb,) and يَأْبِى, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) mentioned by IJ as sometimes said, (M,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and يِئْبَى, which is doubly anomalous, first because the pret. is of the measure فَعَلَ, and this pronunciation of the ى of the aor. is [regularly allowable only] in the case of a verb of the measure فَعِلَ, aor. يَفْعَلُ, and secondly because it is only in an aor. like يِيْجَلُ, (Sb, M,) i. e., of a verb of which the first radical letter is و or ى, (TA in art. وجل,) and يِئْبِى, (IB, [who cites as an ex. a verse ending with the phrase حَتَّى تِئْبِيَهْ,]) inf. n. إِبَآءٌ (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and إِبَآءَ ةٌ, (Ḳ,) or إِبَاةٌ, (so in a copy of the M,) or إِبَايَةٌ, (so in the Mṣb,) He refused; or refrained, forbore, abstained, or held back; syn. اِمْتَنَعَ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, MF, Bḍ in ii. 32, Kull p. 8,) voluntarily, or of his own free will or choice: (Bḍ ubi suprà, Kull:) [thus when used intransitively: and it is also used transitively:] you say, أَبَى الأَمْرَ he refused assent, or consent, to the thing, or affair; disagreed to it; and did not desire [to do] it: (Mṭr in Ḥar p. 483:) he did not assent to, consent to, approve, or choose, it; he disallowed it; rejected it: (Mgh:) and أَبَى الشَّىْءَ he disliked, was displeased with, disapproved of, or hated, the thing. (M, Ḳ.) Fr says that there is no verb with fet-ḥ to its medial radical letter in the pret. and fut. [or aor.] unless its second or third radical is a faucial letter, except أَبَى: that AA adds رَكَنَ: but that one says رَكَنَ with يَرْكُنُ for its fut., and رَكِنَ with يَرْكَنُ for its fut.: (T:) so that the instance mentioned by AA is one of an intermixture of two dial. vars.: (TA:) Th adds قَلَى and غَسَا and شَجَا; and Mbr adds جَبَا: but most of the Arabs say يَقْلِى and يَغْسُو and يَشْجُو and يَجْبِى. (T.) [Some other instances are mentioned by other authors; but these are verbs of which the aors. are rarely with fet-ḥ, or are instances of the intermixture of two dial. vars.] أَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ is a greeting which was addressed to kings in the time of ignorance; meaning Mayest thou refuse, or dislike, (ISk,* Ṣ,* M,* Ḥar p. 491,) to do a thing that would occasion thy being cursed! (ISk, Ṣ, M;) or, to do that for which thou wouldst deserve the being cursed! for it implies the meaning of a prayer; i. e., may God make thee to be of those who dislike the being cursed! and hence it occurs parenthetically. (Ḥar ubi suprà.) You say also, أَبَى أَنْ يُضَامَ [He refused, or did not submit, to be harmed, or injured]. (T.) [And sometimes لَا is inserted after أَنْ, and is either redundant, or corroborative of the meaning of the verb, as in the case of أَنَ لَا or أَلَّا after مَنَعَ.] It is said in the Ḳur ix. 32, وَيَأْبَى ٱللّٰهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُتِمَّ نَورَهُ, meaning But God will not consent or choose [save to complete, or perfect, his light]. (Bḍ.) And in the same xvii. 91, فَأَبَى أَكْثَرُ النَاسَ إِلَّا كُفُورًا, i. e. [But the greater number of men have not consented to, or chosen, aught] save denying [its truth, or disbelieving it]; this phrase with إِلَّا being allowable because it is rendered by means of a negative. (Bḍ.) You also say, كَانَ يَأْبَى اللَّحْمَ [He used to refuse, or dislike, flesh-meat], (Ḳ,) or أَكْلَ اللَّحْمِ [the eating of flesh-meat]. (Mgh.) And أَبَى فَلَانٌ المَآءِ [Such a one refused, or disliked, water, or the water]: (Ṣ:) or أَبَى مِنْ شُرْبِ المَآءِ [he refused, or voluntarily refrained from, the drinking of water, or the water]. (AAF, M.) And أَبَى عَلَيْهِ الأَمَرَ, (Mgh, and Mṭr. [author of the Mgh] in Ḥar p. 483,) andتَأَبَّاهُ↓ عَلَيْهِ, both signify He refused him his assent, or consent, to the thing, or affair. (Mṭr ubi suprà, in Ḥar.) Hence, (Mṭr ubi suprà,) أَبَى عَلَيْهِ, (Mgh, and Mṭr ubi suprà,) andتَأَبَّى↓ عَلَيْهِ, (T, Ṣ, and Mṭr ubi suprà,) He was incompliant, or unyielding, to him; he resisted him, withstood him, or repugned him; syn. اِمْتَنَعَ (T, Ṣ, Mgh, and Mṭr ubi suprà) عَلَيْهِ: (T:) thus explained because the objective complement (الأَمْرَ) is suppressed. (Mṭr ubi suprà.)

أَبِيْتُ الطَّعَامَ, (Ḳ,) or مِنَ الطَّعَامِ, and اللَّبَنِ, (M, TA, [in a copy of the former of which the verb is written ابَيْتُ, but this I suppose to be a mistranscription, on account of what here follows,]) like رَضِيْتُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. أَبَّى, (M, and so in some copies of the Ḳ,) or إِبَّى, (so in some copies of the Ḳ,) with kesr, and with the short final alif, (TA, [i.e. like رِضَّى, but perhaps this may have been supposed to be the right reading only because the verb is likened to رَضِيتُ, of which رِضَّى is the most common inf. n.,]) I left, or relinquished, the food, (M, Ḳ,) and the milk, (M, TA,) without being satiated, or satisfied. (M, Ḳ.)

أَبِىَ الفَصِيلُ, and أُبِىَ, inf. n. أَبَّى, The young camel, or young weaned camel, suffered indigestion from the milk, and became affected with a dislike of food. (M, Ḳ.)

أَبَيْتُ as syn. with أَبَوْتُ: see the latter {1}.

آبَيْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ [in the CK, erroneously, أَبَيْتُهُ] I made him to refuse it; or to refrain, forbear, abstain, or hold back, from it, voluntarily, or of his own free will or choice: (Ṣ: [this meaning being there implied, though not expressed:]) or I made him to dislike it, to be displeased with it, to disapprove of it, or to hate it: (M, Ḳ:) namely, water [&c.]. (Ṣ, M.) One says, فُلَانٌ بَحْرٌ لَا بُؤْبِى, (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ,* [in the CK, erroneously, لا يُؤْبى,]) i. e., لَا يَجْعَلُكَ تَأْبَاهُ [Such a one is like a sea, or great river, that will not make thee to refuse it, or dislike it,, &c.]; (Ḳ;) i. e., that will not fail, or come to an end, (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ,) by reason of its abundance. (ISk, Ṣ.) In like manner one says, of any water, مَآءٌ لَا يُؤْبِى [Water that will not fail, or come to an end]. (TA.) And عِنْدَنَا مَآءٌ مَا يُؤْبِى With us, or at our abode, is water that does not become scanty, or little in quantity. (Lḥ, T, M.) And آبَى المَآءُ The water decreased, or became deficient. (AA, from El-Mufaddal.) And قَلِيبٌ لَا يُؤْبِى A well that will not become exhausted: (IAạr, M:) one should not say, يُؤْبَى. (M, TA.) In like manner, also, one says, كَلَأَ لَا يُؤْبَى Herbage, or pasture, that will not fail, or come to an end. (Ṣ.) And عِنْدَهُ دَرَاهِمُ لَا تُؤْبِى He has dirhems, or money, that will not fail, or come to an end. (TA.) And آبَى المَآءُ signifies also The water [in a well] was, or became, difficult of access (اِمْتَنَعَ), so that no one was able to descend to it but by exposing himself to peril or destruction: (M:) if a drawer of water descend into the well, (T, TA,) and the water be altered for the worse in odour, (TA,) he expose himself to peril, or destruction. (T, TA.)

إِبْيَةٌ A paucity, or deficiency, and revulsion, of the milk in the breast: (Fr, TṢ:) or a revulsion of the milk in the udder; (Ḳ;) but the saying “in the udder” requires consideration. (TA:) You say to a woman, when she has a fever on the occasion of childbirth, إِنَّمَا هذِهِ الحُمَّى إِبْيَةٌ ثَدْيِكَ [This fever is only occasioned by the paucity, or deficiency, and revulsion, of the milk in thy breast.] (TA.)

أُبَآءٌ, (T, Ṣ, M,) or أُبَآءٌ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ, (Ḳ,) A dislike, or loathing, of food: (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) of the measure فُعَالٌ, (Ṣ, M,) with damm, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) because it is like a disease, and nouns significant of diseases are generally of that measure. (M.) You say, أَخَذَهُ أُبَآءٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ) مِنَ الطَّعَامِ (Ḳ) He was, or became, taken, or affected, with a dislike, or loathing, of food. (T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ.)

أَبِىٌّ and أَبِيَّةٌ: see آبٍ, in three places.

Also, the former (أَبِىٌّ), She [app. a camel, or any beast,] that refuses, or refrains from, fodder, by reason of her suffering from indigestion: and she that refuses, or refrains from, the stallion, by reason of her having little appetency. (AA.) [See also أَوَابٍ, voce آبٍ.]

أَبَّآءٌ A man who refuses, or does not submit, to be harmed, or injured. (T.)

أُبِّيَّةٌ, with damm, (Ḳ,) and kesr to the ب, and with teshdeed of this letter and of the ى, (TA,) [in the CK اُبْيَة,] Pride; self-magnification, or greatness, or majesty: (Ḳ:) andإِبَآءٌ↓ [also] signifies pride, self-magnification, or haughtiness. (Ḥam p. 118.)

آبٍ, andأَبِىٌّ↓, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) andأَبَيَانٌ↓, (Ṣ, TA,) part. ns. of أَبَى, signifying Refusing; or refraining, forbearing, abstaining, or holding back [voluntarily, or of his own free will or choice]: (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA:*) [refusing assent or consent;, &c.:] disliking, being displeased with a thing, disapproving of it, or hating it: (M,* Ḳ,* TA:) or the first and second, a man disliking, or loathing, food: (M, Ḳ, TA:) and the third, (Ḳ,) andأَبْيَانٌ↓, (so in a copy of the M,) or أبَيَانٌ, (Ḳ,) a man who refuses, or refrains from, or dislikes, or hates, (يَأْبَى,) food; or, things that are base or mean, (M, Ḳ, TA,) and causes of dispraise or blame: (TA:) or the second (أَبِىٌّ), a man who refuses, or refrains,, &c., vehemently, or much; incompliant, unyielding, resisting, withstanding, or repugning: (T:) andأَبْيَانُ↓ and أَبْيَانٌ, a man having vehement ابآء [app. أُبَآء, i. e. dislike, or loathing, of food; agreeably with a common quality of words of the measure فَعْلَان]: (T, TA: [but in copy of the T, accord. to the TT, ابآء in this last explanation is written اِبآء: in the TA it is without any vowel-sign:]) the pl. of آبٍ is آبُونَ and أُبَاةٌ (M, Ḳ) and أُبِىٌّ, (Ḳ,) with damm, then kesr, and then teshdeed, (TA, [in the CK اُبَىّ, and in a copy of the M اُبِين,]) and أُبَّآءٌ, (M, TA,) or إِبآءٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) like رِجَالٌ: (TA: [in the CK اُباء:]) the pl. ofأَبِىٌّ↓ is أَبِيُّونَ; (M, Ḳ;) of which an instance occurs wherein the pl. ن is likened to a radical ن; the gen. case being written, at the end of a verse, أَبيِينِ: (M:) the pl. ofأَبْيَانٌ↓, (M,) or أَبَيَانٌ, (Ḳ,) is إِبْيَانٌ. (Kr, M, Ḳ.)

[Hence,] الآبِى The lion. (Ḳ.)

And آبِيَةٌ, (M,) so in some copies of the Ḳ, but in others أَبِيَّةٌ↓, (TA,) She [app. a camel] that dislikes, or loathes, and will not drink, water: and she that desires not the evening-food: and she (a camel) that is covered and does not conceive, or become pregnant: (M, Ḳ:) and أَوَابٍ, [its pl.,] she-camels that refuse, or refrain from, the stallion. (TA. [See also أَبِىٌّ.]) It is said in a prov., العَاشِيَةٌ تَهِيجُ الآبِيَةَ [She that is eating her eveningfood, or pasturing in the evening, excites her that has no desire for that food]; i. e., when the camels that desire not the evening-food see the camels eating that food, they follow them, and pasture with them. (M, and so in the Ṣ in art. عشو.)

مُؤْبٍ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.] Water failing, or coming to an end: (TA:) or water that is scanty, or little in quantity. (Lḥ, M, TA.)

مَآءٌ مَأْبَاةٌ, (M,) or مَآءَةٌ مَأْبَاةٌ, (Ḳ,) Water which the camels refuse, or dislike. (M, Ḳ.)