Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ثَمَنَهُمْ, aor. ـُ {يَثْمُنُ}, (Ṣ, M, Mgh, &c.,) inf. n. ثَمْنٌ, (M,) He took the eighth of their goods, or property. (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And, aor. ـِ {يَثْمِنُ}, He was, or became, the eighth of them: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or he made them, with himself, eight. (Ṣ in art. ثلث.) And He made them, they being seventy-nine, to be eighty. (AʼObeyd, Ṣ in art. ثلث.)

ثَمُنَ, [aor. ـُ {يَثْمُنُ},] inf. n. ثَمَانَةٌ, It (a commodity) was, or became, precious, costly, of high price; andاثمن↓ [signifies the same; or] it had a price, or value. (TA. [See ثَمِينٌ.])

ثمّنهُ He made it eight: or called it eight. (Esh-Sheybánee, and Ḳ in art. وحد.)

[He made it octangular.]

ثمّن لِٱمْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained eight nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA in art. سبع.)

Also, (T, TA,) inf. n. تَثْمِينٌ, (TA,) He collected it together. (T, TA.)

Also, inf. n. as above, (Mṣb, TA,) He made known, or notified, [or he set or assigned it,] its price; i. e., the price of a commodity; like قَوَّمَهُ: (TA:) or he assigned it a price by conjecture: (Mṣb:) andاثمنهُ↓ he named a price for it. (TA.)

اثمن القَوْمُ The party of men became eight: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and also the party of men became eighty. (M and L in art. ثلث.)

أَثْمَنَتْ She brought forth her eighth offspring. (TA in art. بكر.)

اثمن said of a man, He was, or became, one whose camels came to water ثِمْنًا↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) i. e., on the eighth night [after the next preceding watering]. (Ḳ.)

اثمن said of a commodity: see 1.

اثمنهُ He sold it for a price. (Mṣb.)

See also 2.

اثمن الرَّجُلَ مَتَاعَهُ, (T, Ṣ,) or سِلْعَتَهُ, (Ḳ,) and اثمن لَهُ, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,) [i. e. اثمن له متاعه, or سلعته,] signify the same, (T, Ṣ,*) He gave the man the price of his commodity: (Ḳ:) or اثمن الرَّجُلَ بِمَتَاعِهِ, and اثمن لَهُ مَتَاعَهُ, he named to the man a price for his commodity, and assigned it to it, or to him. (Mgh.)

ثِمْنٌ The eighth young one or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.)

One of the periods between two drinkings, or waterings, of camels: (Ṣ:) [or the end of one of those periods; namely, the night of coming to water which is] the eighth night of a period between two drinkings, or waterings, of camels, (Ḳ,) [counting the night of the next preceding drinking, or watering, as the first: see رِبْعٌ and خِمْسٌ, &c.] See also 4.

ثَمَنٌ The price of a thing; i. e. the thing that the seller receives in return for the thing sold, whether money or a commodity; (Er-Rághib, TA;) the ثَمَن of a thing sold: (Ṣ:) and also (Er-Rághib, TA) a compensation, or substitute, (Mgh, Mṣb, Er-Rághib, TA,) whatever it be, for a thing, (Er-Rághib, TA,) i. e., for a thing that is sold; but in the sense commonly known, such as it is incumbent upon one to pay, of pieces of silver, and of gold [or other money]; not commodities and the like: (Mgh:) or the value, or worth, of a thing; (Ḳ;) its قِيمَة: (T:) or the estimated value, or worth, of a thing, by mutual consent, even though it be really excessive or deficient; whereas the قِيمَة is its real value or worth, its equivalent: (MF:) pl. أَثْمَانٌ (T, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and أَثْمُنٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) the latter used only as a pl. of pauc., (Mṣb,) and [so] أَثْمِنَةٌ. (CK: not in the TA.) The saying in the Ḳur [ii. 38 and v. 48], وَلَا تَشْتَرُوا بِآيَاتِى ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا is metaphorical, meaning ‡ And take ye not in exchange for my signs a small substitute: [i. e. purchase not in exchange for belief in my word the happiness, or enjoyments, of the present life.] (Mgh.) With respect to this saying, Fr remarks, when ثَمَنًا occurs in the Ḳur, with بِ prefixed to the name of the thing sold or bought, in most cases it relates to two things whereof neither is a ثمن in the sense commonly known, i. e., such as pieces of gold and of silver: and such is the case when you say, اِشْتَرَيْتُ ثَوْبًا بِكِسَآءٍ [I purchased a garment with a كساء, q. v.]: either of these may be termed a ثمن for the other: but in speaking of pieces of silver and of gold, you prefix the ب to the ثمن [only]; as is done in [the chapter of] Yoosuf, [i. e. ch. xii., v. 20, where it is said,] وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ دَرَاهِمَ مَعْدُودَةٍ [And they sold him for a deficient, or an insufficient, price: for pieces of silver not many, so as to require their being weighed, but few, and therefore counted]: for pieces of silver are always a ثمن: and when you purchase pieces of silver and of gold with the like, you prefix the ب to whichever of the two you will, because each of them in this case is a purchase and a price. (T.)

ثُمُنٌ (Ṣ, M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) andثُمْنٌ↓ (M, Mṣb, Ḳ) An eighth; an eighth part or portion; as alsoثَمِينٌ↓; (Ṣ, M,* Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) agreeably with a general rule applying to fractions, accord. to some; (M, Ḳ;) but ثَلِيثٌ was ignored by AZ (T and Ṣ in art. ثلث) and by others, (TA,) and so was خَمِيسٌ: (Ṣ in art. ثلث:) pl. أَثْمَانٌ. (M, Ḳ.)

ثَمِينٌ: see ثُمُنٌ.

Also High-priced; or of high value; (Ṣ, TA;) andمُثْمِنٌ↓ [signifies the same; or] having a price, or value: (TA:) but accord. to the Durrat el-Ghowwáṣ, the assertion that the former has the meaning here assigned to it is a mistake; for it means [only] the same as ثُمُنٌ; and a thing that has a price, or value, is termed مثمن [app. مُثْمِنٌ, as above; but perhaps مُثْمَنٌ, q. v.]. (Ḥar p. 42.)

ثَمَانِيَةٌ a noun of number, well known; [meaning Eight;] as alsoثَمَانٍ↓, (M, TA,) which is like يَمَانٍ, (M, Ḳ,) in form: (M:) the former is the masc. form: the latter, the fem.: (Mṣb:) this is not a rel. n. [though likened above to يَمَانٍ]: (M, Ḳ:) or it is originally a rel. n. from الثُّمُنُ, because it is the part, or portion, that makes seven to be eight, so that it is its eighth: they make the first letter to be pronounced with fet-ḥ, because they make changes [in some other cases] in the rel. n., (Ṣ, Ḳ,) as when they say سُهْلِىٌّ and دُهْرِىٌّ, [which are rel. ns. of سَهْلٌ and دَهْرٌ,] (Ṣ,) and they suppress one of the two ى which are characteristic of the rel. n., and compensate it by the insertion of ا, as they do in the rel. n. of اليَمَنُ [when they say يَمَانٍ, originally يَمَانِىٌ, for يَمَنِىٌّ]: (Ṣ, Ḳ: [and the like is said in the Mgh:]) El-Fárisee says that the ا of ثَمَانٍ is the characteristic of the rel. n., because this word is not a broken pl. like صَحَارٍ; and IF assents to this, and says that were it not so, the ة would be inseparable, as it is in عَبَاقِيَةٌ, &c. (M.) You say ثَمَانِيَةُ رِجَالٍ [Eight men], (T, Ṣ, Mgh,) and ثَمَانِيَةُ أَيَّامٍ [eight days]. (Mṣb.) And when ثمان is prefixed to another noun, its ى is retained, like the ى in القَاضِى: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and it is decl. in the same manner as words of the class to which this last belongs: (Mṣb:) you say ثَمَانِى نِسْوَةٍ [Eight women], (T, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and ثَمَانِى مِائَةٍ [eight hundred], (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) [in the nom. and gen. cases;] and رَأَيْتُ ثَمَانِىَ نِسْوَةٍ [I saw eight women], pronouncing the fet-ḥah [at the end, in this case]. (Mṣb.) When it is with tenween, the ى is dropped in the nom. and gen. cases, but it is retained in the accus. case: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [i. e.,] when the fem. form is not prefixed to another noun, you say, عِنْدِى مِنَ النِّسَآءِ ثَمَانٍ [I have with me, of women, eight], and مَرَرْتُ مِنْهُنَّ بِثَمَانٍ [I passed by, of them, eight], and رَأَيْتُ ثَمَانِيًا [I saw eight]. (Mṣb.) It sometimes occurs, in poetry, indecl.: (Ṣ, M:) this is because it is fancied to be a pl.; (Ṣ;) or because it is likened, as to the letter, but not as to the meaning, to جَوَارِىَ. (M.) The people of El-Ḥijáz pronounce the masc. and the fem. with nasb in every case, in phrases like أَتَوْنِى ثَلَاثَتَهُمْ and أَتَيْنَنِى ثَلَاثَهُنَّ; and so on to ten [inclusive]. (Ṣ voce ثَلَاثَةٌ, q. v.) Th mentions ثَمَانٌ↓; (TA;) and some instances of its occurrence are cited; but Aṣ disallows it. (T, Mgh, TA.) كِسَآءٌ ذُو ثَمَانٍ means A [garment of the kind called] كساء made of eight fleeces. (T.) تُقْبِلُ بِأَرْبَعٍ وَتُدْبِرُ بِثَمَانٍ [She advances with four and goes back with eight] is a saying of one of the مُخَنَّثُون of El-Medeeneh; meaning, with four creases (عُكَن) of the belly, and with eight extremities thereof; each crease having two extremities, towards the two sides of the woman spoken of. (Mgh in art. هيت.) The saying الثَّوْبُ سَبْعٌ فِى ثَمَانٍ should properly be فِى ثَمَانِيَةٍ, (Ṣ,) which means, The garment, or piece of cloth, is seven cubits in length by eight spans in breadth; (Mṣb;) because the length is measured by the ذِرَاع, which is fem., and the breadth by the شِبْر, which is masc.; but they use the fem. when they do not mention things; as when they say, صُمْنَا مِنَ الشَّهْرِ خَمْسًا [We fasted, of the month, five], though meaning days: (Ṣ:) or because ذراع is fem. in most instances, and شبر is masc. (Mṣb.) [But it is said that when ثمانية means the things numbered, not the amount of the number, it is imperfectly decl., being regarded as a proper name: thus] you say, تِسْعَةُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ثَمَانِيَةَ [Nine things are more than eight things]. (TA voce تِسْعَةٌ, q. v.) [See also سِتَّةٌ.]

When you make it a compound [with the number ten], you say, عِنْدَى ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا [I have with me eighteen men]: and in the case of the fem., you may either make the ى to be with fet-ḥ or make it quiescent, saying, عِنْدِى مِنَ النِّسَآءِ ثَمَانِىَ عَشْرَةَ ٱمْرَأَةً or ثَمَانِىْعَشْرَةَ [I have with me, of women, eighteen women]; but the former is the more chaste; and in one dial., the ى is elided, on the condition of [saying ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ,] making the ن to be with fet-ḥ; (Mṣb;) or in this case you say ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ, with kesr. (T.) A poet says, (T, Ṣ,) namely, El-Aạshà, (Ḳ,)

* فَلَأَشْرَبَنَّ ثَمَانِيًا وَثَمَانِيًا *

* وَثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ وَٱثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَرْبَعَا *

[And I will assuredly drink eight cups of wine, (a pl. of كَأْس, which is fem., being understood,) and eight more, and eighteen, and two, and four]: (T, Ṣ, Ḳ: but in the Ṣ and Ḳ, وَلَقَدْ شَرِبْتُ; and in the Ḳ, and in one copy of the Ṣ, وَثَمَانَ:) he should properly have said ثَمَانِىَ عَشْرَةَ or ثَمَانِىْ عَشْرَةَ, (accord. to different copies of the T and Ṣ and Ḳ,) but he elides the ى after the dial. of him who says طِوَالُ الأَيْدِ [for الأَيْدِى], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and he makes the ن to be with kesr in order to indicate the ى. (T.)

The dim. of ثَمَانِيَةٌ may be formed either by suppressing the ا, which is the preferable way, so that you say ثُمَيْنِيَةٌ↓, or by suppressing the ى, saying ثُمَيِّنَةٌ↓, changing the ا into ى and incorporating into it the ى that is the characteristic of the dim.; and you may compensate for both [of these suppressed letters by saying ثُمَيْنِيَّةٌ↓ andثُمَيِّينَةٌ↓]. (Ṣ.)

الثَّمَانِى is also the name of A certain plant. (Aṣ, T, Ḳ.)

ثَمَانُونَ a well-known noun of number; [meaning Eighty;] sometimes used as an epithet: El-Aạshà says,

* لَئِنْ كُنْتَ فِى جُبٍّ ثَمَانِينَ قَامَةً *

* وَرُقِّيتَ أَسْبَابَ السِّمَآءِ بِسُلَّمِ *

[Assuredly if thou wert in a well eighty fathoms deep, and wert made to ascend the tracts of heaven by a ladder]: he uses it thus as meaning deep. (TA. [But in this verse, as cited in the present art in the TA, أَبْوَابَ is put in the place of اسباب, which is the reading commonly known, and given in the Ṣ and TA in art. سب, and in the TA in art رقى-]) أَحْمَقُ مِنْ صَاحَبِ ضَأْنٍ ثَمَانِينَ [More stupid than an owner of eighty sheep], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or مِنْ رَاعِى ضَأْنٍ ثَمَانِينَ [than a pastor of eighty sheep], as in some of the copies of the Ṣ, or, as in the Proverbs of Aboo-ʼObeyd, مِنْ طَالِبِ ضَأْنٍ ثَمَانِينَ [than a demander of eighty sheep], (TA,) is a saying that originated from the fact that an Arab of the desert announced to Kisrà an event that rejoiced him, whereupon he said, “Ask of me what thou wilt;” and he asked of him eighty sheep. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

[It also signifies Eightieth.]

ثَامِنٌ [Eighth: fem. with ة {ثَامِنَةٌ}]. (Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.)

[ثَامِنَ عَشَرَ and ثَامِنَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Eighteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., explained in art. ثلث, q. v.]

إِبِلٌ ثَوَامِنُ, [the latter word pl. of ثَامِنَةٌ,] Camels that come to water on the eighth night [after the next preceding watering]: from ثِمْنٌ. (TA.)

أَثْمَنُ Of more [and of most] price or value. (Ṣ.)

مُثْمَنٌ Sold for a price: (Mṣb:) or having a price named for it, and assigned to it. (Mgh.) [See also ثَمِينٌ.]

مِثْمَنَةٌ A مِخْلَاة [or nose-bag]: (IAạr, T:) or the like thereof. (Ṣ.)

مُثَمَّنٌ Octangular. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

A verse composed of eight feet. (TA.)

Collected together. (T, TA.)

Poisoned; syn. مَسْمُومٌ. (Ḳ.)

Fevered; syn. مَحْمُومٌ. (Ḳ.)