Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَثَمَ, aor. ـِ {يَجْثِمُ} (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ـُ {يَجْثُمُ}, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. جُثُومٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and جَثْمٌ, (Ḳ,) said of a bird, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and of a hare, and sometimes of a gazelle, (Mṣb,) or of a [young gazelle such as is termed] خَشْف, (Ḳ,) and of a camel, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) and a jerboa, (Ḳ,) and a man, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He clave to the ground: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or kept to his place, not quitting it: (Ḳ:) or fell upon his breast: (Mṣb,* Ḳ:) جُثُومٌ in the case of a bird and a hare is like بُرُوكٌ in the case of a camel: (Mṣb:) or in the case of a bird it is like جُلُوسٌ in the case of a man [so that the verb means he sat]. (Mgh.)

Also, (Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَجْثِمُ}, (TA,) said of seed-produce, It rose a little from the ground. (Ḳ,* TA.)

Also, (AḤn, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَجْثُمُ}, (AḤn, TA,) inf. n. جُثُومٌ, said of a raceme of a palm-tree, Its unripe, or ripening, dates became somewhat large: (AḤn, Ḳ:*) or it became large, and kept its place. (T, TA.)

Also, inf. n. جُثُومٌ, said of the night, † It became half spent. (Th, Ḳ, TA.)

جَثَمَ also signifies He collected clay, or mould, and earth, or dust, and ashes. (Ḳ.)

جثّم, (Ṣ, Mgh,) inf. n. تَجْثِيمٌ, (KL,) [He made a bird, and a hare, and the like, to cleave to the ground, then to be shot at, or cast at, and so killed: see مُجَثَّةٌ:] he kept, or held, a bird confined, that it might [be shot at, or cast at, and] die: (KL:) he turned an animal on his side to be slaughtered. (Golius, as from the KL, but not in my copy of that work.)

تجثّم He (a bird) mounted his female for the purpose of copulation. (TA.)

جَثْمٌ Seed-produce rising a little from the ground; as alsoجَثَمٌ↓. (Ḳ,* TA.)

A raceme of a palm-tree having its unripe, or ripening, dates becoming somewhat large. (Ḳ,* TA.)

جُثْمَةٌ Clay, or mould, and earth, or dust, and ashes, collected. (Ḳ.)

جُثْمَانٌ The body, with the limbs or members; syn. جِسْمٌ: and i. q. شَخْصٌ [app. as meaning a person; not, as J seems to have held, a corporeal, or material, form or thing or substance, such as is seen from a distance; see جِسْمٌ]: (Ḳ:) or, accord. to Aṣ, it has the latter meaning, i. q. شَخْصٌ; and جُسْمَانٌ has the former meaning, that of جِسْمٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb) and جَسَدٌ: (Mṣb:) or, accord. to AZ, جُثْمَانٌ is syn. with جُسْمَانٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) i. e. جَسَدٌ. (Ṣ.) One says, مَا أَحْسَنَ جُثْمَانَ الرَّجُلِ and جُسْمَانَهُ, meaning [How goodly, or beautiful, is] the body, or person, of the man! (AZ, Ṣ.) J cites, as an ex. of this word in the sense of شخص, from a verse of Bishr,

* سَنَامٌ كَجُثْمَانِ البَنِيِّةِ أَتْلَعَا *

observing that by البنيّة is meant the Kaabeh: but IB says that the right reading, as found in his poetry, is البَلِيَّةِ, and أَتْلَعُ; and that the meaning is, A [long] hump like the جثمان [or body] of the she-camel that is placed [and confined without food or water until she dies] at the grave of a dead man. (TA.) One says also, جَآءَنَا بِثَرِيدٍ كَجُثْمَانِ المَآءِ [He brought us crumbled bread moistened with broth and piled up, like the body of the bird of the kind called قَطًا]. (Ṣ.)

جُثْمَانِيَّةُ المَآءِ, as used in the saying of El-Farajeeyeh, (Ḳ,) so in the copies of the Ḳ, [or El-Faraheeyeh, accord. to the CK,] but correctly of El-Farezdaḳ, (TA,)

* وَبَاتَتْ بِجُثْمَانِيَّةِ المَآءِ نِيبُهَا *

* إِلَى ذَاتِ رَحْلٍ كَٱلْمَآتِمِ حُسَّرَا *

means The water itself: or the middle thereof: or the place where it collected. (Ḳ TA.) [The poet says, And her aged she-camels passed the night in the water, &c., … like the companies of mourning women having the head, or the face, &c., uncovered: but what is meant by الى ذات رحل, unless it be with one having a saddle upon her, إِلَى being sometimes used in the sense of مَعَ I am unable to conjecture. In the CK, نَيْبَها and كالمٰاثِمِ are erroneously put for نِيبُهَا and كَالمَآتِمِ.]

جُثَامٌ Incubus, or nightmare; (T, Ḳ;) what comes upon a man when he is sleeping; (T, TA;) what comes upon a man in the night, preventing him from speaking; i. q. نَيْدُلَانٌ; (IAạr, TA;) as alsoجَاثُومٌ↓ (T, Ḳ) andجَثَّامَةٌ↓ andجُثَمٌ↓ andجُثَمَةٌ↓. (T, TA.)

جَثُومٌ: see جَاثِمٌ.

Hence, † A hare. (TA.)

جُثُومٌ pl. of جاثِمٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)

Also A hill such as is called أَكَمَةٌ; and soجَثَمَةٌ↓ (Ḳ) andجَثْمَةٌ↓ (TA.)

جَثَّامَةٌ: see جَاثِمٌ.

Hence, ‡ A man who keeps to the region of cities, towns, villages, or cultivated land, and does not travel: (Mṣb:) a man who sleeps much, and does not travel; as alsoجُثَمَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andجُثَمٌ↓ andجَاثُومٌ↓: (Ḳ:) [see also جَاثِمَةٌ:] stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; or not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs: and a forbearing, or clement, personage, chief, or man of rank or quality. (Ḳ.)

See also جُثَامٌ.

جَاثِمٌ A bird, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) and a hare, and sometimes a gazelle, (Mṣb,) or a [young gazelle such as is termed] خِشْف, (Ḳ,) and a camel, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) and a jerboa, and a man, (Ḳ,) cleaving to the ground: or keeping to his place, not quitting it: (Ḳ:) or falling upon his breast: (Mṣb,* Ḳ:) as alsoجَثُومٌ↓: (Ḳ:) [or the latter] andجَثَّامٌ↓ doing so much, or often: andجَثَّامَةٌ↓ doing so very much, or very often: (Mṣb:) and the first, also, sitting upon his legs like a bird: pl. جُثُومٌ (TA) [and جُثَّمٌ, accord. to Freytag]. فَأَصْبَحُوا فِى دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ, in the Ḳur [vii. 76, &c.], means [And they became, in their abode,] bodies cast upon the ground: (TA:) or extinct, or motionless; and dead. (Bḍ.)

الجُثثومُ ‡ The stars composing the constellation of the Scorpion; also called البُرُكُ: see بَرْكٌ. (L and TA in art. برك.)

جَاثِمَةٌ One who does not quit his house, or tent. (Lth, TA.) [See also جَثَّامَةٌ.]

[مَجْثَمٌ and مَجْثِمٌ A place where a bird, &c., cleaves to the ground: or to which it keeps: or where it falls upon its breast. And particularly,] The seat, or form, of a hare: (TA:) [pl. مَجَاثِمُ.]

مُجَثَّمَةٌ A bird, and a hare, and the like, that is confined or set up, to be killed; (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, Mgh;) that is made to cleave to the ground (تُجَثَّمُ), and then shot at, or cast at, until it is killed; (Ṣ, Mgh;) which manner of killing is forbidden: (Ṣ:) or any animal that is set up and shot at, or cast at, and [so] killed: (AʼObeyd, TA:) or a sheep, or goat, that is shot at with arrows: (ʼIkrimeh, Mgh:) or a sheep, or goat, that is stoned (Sh, Mgh, TA) until it dies, and is then eaten. (TA.)