Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ {يَجْدُدُ}, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. جَدٌّ, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) He cut it, or cut it off. (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh.) You say of a weaver, جَدَّ ثَوْبًا He cut off a piece of cloth [sufficient for a garment or the like, from the web]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And جَدَّ النَّخْلَ, (Ṣ, Mgh, L,) aor, ـُ, (Ṣ, L,) inf. n. جَدٌّ (Ṣ, L, Ḳ) and جَدَادٌ (Lḥ, Mgh, L) and جِدَادٌ; (Lḥ, L; [in the L, the last two forms are mentioned as inf. ns., and the former of them is mentioned as inf. n. in the Mgh; but in the Ḳ, they are only mentioned as syn. with جَدٌّ; and in the Ṣ, it seems to be implied that they are simple substs., or quasi-inf. ns.;]) i. q. صَرَمَهُ; (Lḥ, Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;*) [like جَذَّهُ and جَزَّهُ;] i.e., He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees. (Mgh, L. [See also جَدَادٌ.]) And جُدَّتْ أَخْلَافُ النَّاقَةِ The she-camel's teats were cut off by some accident that befell her: (Aṣ, TA:) or, in consequence of injury occasioned to her by the صِرَار [q. v.]. (Ṣ.) And تَجْدِيدٌ [inf. n. of جدّد↓] signifies The cutting off the teat of a camel. (KL.) You say also, جُدَّ ثَدْيَا أُمِّكَ May thy mother's breasts be cut off: a form of imprecation against a man; and implying a wish for his separation. (Aṣ, L, from a trad.)

See also 5.

جَدَّ,, aor. ـِ {يَجْدِدُ}, inf. n. جِدَّةٌ, It (a garment, TA, or a thing, Ṣ, Mṣb, TA) was new; (Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ;) [as though newly cut off from the web;] from جَدَّ as signifying “he cut,” or “cut off.” (L.) [See also 5.]

جَدَّ, like تَعِبَ, (Mṣb,) see. pers. جَدِدٌتَ, [like its syn. حَظِظْتَ,] (L, Mṣb,) aor. يَجَدُّ; (Mṣb;) or جُدَّ, with damm, (Mgh,) see. pers. جُدِدْتَ, (Ṣ,) [aor. يُجَدُّ;] inf. n. جَدٌّ; (Ṣ,* Mgh, L, Mṣb;) He was, or became, fortunate, or possessed of good fortune, (Ṣ, Mgh, L, Mṣb,) or of good worldly fortune; (TA;) he advanced in the world, or in worldly circumstances; (Mgh;) بِالأَمْرِ by the affair, or event, whether good or evil; (L;) or بِالشَّىْءِ by the thing. (Mṣb.) And هُمْ يُجَدُّونَ بِهِمْ, as also يُحَظُّونَ بهم, They become possessed of good fortune, and riches, or competence, or sufficiency. (Ibn-Buzurj, L.) [You say also, جَدَّ جَدُّهُ ‡: so in a copy of the A: probably a mistranscription for جَدَّ جِدُّهُ, which see below: if not, meaning His fortune became good; or his good fortune increased in goodness: or, perhaps, his dignity became great; from what next follows].

جَدّ فِى عَيْنِى, (Ṣ, A,) or فِى عُيُونِ النَّاسِ, and صُدُورِهِمْ, (Mgh,) aor. ـِ {يَجْدِدُ}, inf. n. جَدٌّ, (Ṣ,) He was, or became, great, or of great dignity or estimation, in my eye, or in the eyes of men, and their minds. (Ṣ, A, Mgh.) It is said in a trad. of Anas, كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنَّا إِذَا قَرَأَ البَقَرَةَ وَآلَ عِمْرَانَ جَدَّ فِينَا, i. e., [A man of us, when he recited the chapter of the Cow and that of the Family of ʼImrán (the second and third chapters of the Ḳur-án),] used to be great in our eyes. (Ṣ.)

جَدَّ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) or فِى أَمْرِهِ, (L,) or فِى كَلَامِهِ, (Mṣb,) aor. ـِ {يَجْدِدُ} (Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ـُ, (L, Ḳ,) inf. n. جِدٌّ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or جَدٌّ, (L, Mṣb,) جِدٌّ being a simple subst.; (Mṣb;) andاجدّ↓ فِيهِ; (L, Ḳ;) He was serious, or in earnest, (Ṣ, A, L, Mṣb, Ḳ,) in the affair, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) or in his affair, (L,) or in his speech; (Mṣb;) syn. حَقَّقَ; (L;) contr. of هَزَلَ. (L, Mṣb. [In the Ṣ and A and Ḳ, the inf. n. is said to signify the contr. of هَزْلٌ; and in the Ḳ, it is also said to be syn. with تَحْقِيقٌ.])

And جَدَّ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Aṣ, Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَجْدِدُ} and ـُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. جِدٌّ, (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* TA,) or this is a simple subst., and the inf. n. is جَدٌّ; (Mṣb;) andاجدّ↓ فِيهِ; (Aṣ, Ṣ, L, Ḳ;) signify also He strove, laboured, or toiled; exerted himself or his power or efforts or endeavours or ability; employed himself vigorously, strenuously, laboriously, diligently, studiously, sedulously, earnestly, or with energy; was diligent, or studious; took pains, or extraordinary pains; in the affair. (Aṣ, Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ.) And جَدَّفِى السَّيْرِ He strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself, in going, or journeying, or in his course, or pace; ‡ he hastened therein: and in like manner,اجدّ↓ السَّيْرَ † he hastened his course, or pace. (L.) And جَدَّ جِدُّهُ, [meaning His labour, or exertion, or energy, was, or became, great, or extraordinary: or] meaning اِزْدَادَ جِدُّهُ جِدًّا [his labour, &c., increased in labour,, &c.]: or it may mean what was not [his] جِدّ, became جِدّ; wherefore, i. e. because it would be so eventually, it is here so called. (Ḥam p. 33.) [See also جَدَّ جَدُّهُ, above.]

جَدَّ بِهِ الأَمْرُ (A, L) ‡ The affair, or event, distressed, or afflicted, him. (L.) So in the saying of Aboo-Sahm,

* أَخَالِدُ لَا يَرْضَى عَنِ العَبْدِ رَبُّهُ *

* إِذَا جَدَّ بِالشَّيْخِ العُقُوقُ المُصَمِّمُ *

[O Khálid, his Lord will not approve of the servant, or man, (meaning the son,) when cutting, or biting, disobedience to a parent distresses the old man]. (L.)

جَدَّ, aor, ـِ, inf. n. جَدٌّ and جِدٌّ, It (a house, or tent, بَيْت) dripped, or let fall drops. (Ḳ.)

جدّد, inf. n. تَجْدِيدٌ: see 1.

See also 4, in three places.

تجديد also signifies The making [or weaving] stripes of different colours in a garment. (KL.)

جادّهُ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Ṣ, L, Ḳ,*) inf. n. مُجَادَّةٌ, (L,) i. q. حَاقَّهٌ (Ṣ, L) or حَاقَقَهُ (Ḳ) [He contended with him respecting a thing, each of them asserting his right therein: so accord. to explanations of حاقّهُ in the lexicons: but I think that the meaning intended here is, he acted seriously, or in earnest, with him in the affair; and this is confirmed by its being immediately added in the TA, after حاققه, “and أَجَدَّ” signifies “حَقَّقَ, as above mentioned:” see جَدَّفِى الأَمْرِ expl. by حَقَّقَ as contr. of هَزَلَ]. Also He exerted his full effort, or endeavour, or energy, with him in the affair. (So accord. to an explanation of the inf. n., مجادَة, in the KL.)

اجدّ النَّخْلُ The palm-trees attained to the time for the cutting off of the fruit. (Ṣ, A,* L, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

[Hence, perhaps,] أَجَدَّتْ قَرُنِى مِنْهُ I (myself, TA) relinquished, or forsook, him, or it. (Ḳ.)

اجدّهُ, andاستجدّهُ↓, (Ṣ, A, L, Ḳ,) andجدّدهُ↓, (Ṣ, L, Ḳ,) He made it new; (Ṣ, A, L, Ḳ;) namely, a thing, (Ṣ,) or a garment: (A, TA:) or he put it on, or wore it, new; namely, a garment. (TA.) One says to him who puts on a new garment, أَبْلِ وَأَجِدَّ وَٱحْمَدِ الكَاسِى [Wear out, and make, or put on, new, and praise the Clother, meaning God]. (Ṣ.) And you say, بَهِىَ بَيْتُ فُلَانٍ فَأَجَدَّ بَيْتًا مِنْ شَعَرٍ [The tent of such a one was, or became, rent, or pierced with holes; therefore he made a new tent of haircloth]. (Ṣ.) Andجدّد↓ الأَمْرَ, and اجدّهُ, andاستجدّهُ↓, He originated, or innovated, the thing, or affair; or did it newly, or for the first time (Mṣb.) Andجدّد↓ الوُضُوْءَ ‡ [He renewed the ablution termed وضوء], and العَهْدَ ‡ [the compact, or contract, or covenant,, &c.]. (TA.)

اجدّ فُلَانٌ أَمْرَهُ بِذٰلِكَ Such a one established, or settled, firmly his affair, or case, thereby, or therein: so says Aṣ, and he cites the following verse:

* أَجَدَّ بِهَا أَمْرًا وَأَيْقَنَ أَنَّهُ *

* لَهَا أَوْ لِأُخْرَى كَالطَّحِينَ تُرَابُهَا *

[He established, or settled, firmly his case thereby, or therein, and knew certainly that he was for it, (app. meaning a war, or battle, حَرْب, which is fem.,) or for another whereof the dust would be like flour]: Aboo-Naṣr says, It has been related to me that he said, اجدَ بها امرًا means اجدّ أَمْرَهُ بِهَا; [and so this phrase is explained in the Ḳ;] but the former explanation I heard from himself: (L:) or this phrase means أَجَدَّ أَمْرُهُ بِهَا [so in two copies of the Ṣ, app., † his affair, or case, became easy, or practicable, thereby, like ground termed جَدَد, which is easy to walk, or travel, upon; see the next sentence]; امر being put in the accus. case as a specificative, like عَيْنًا in the phrase قَرِرْتُ بِهِ عَيْنًا, meaning قَرَّتْ بِهِ عَيْنِى. (Ṣ.)

اجدّ also signifies It (a road) was, or became, what is termed جَدَد [i. e. hard, or level,, &c.]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) And اجدّت لَكَ الأَرْضُ The ground hath become to thee free from soft places, and clear to thy view. (TA.)

Also He walked along, or traversed, what is termed جَدَد. (Ḳ.) And اجدّ القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, came to what is so termed: (Ṣ:) and ascended upon the surface (جَدِيد) of the ground: or went upon sand such as is termed جَدَد. (TA.)

See also 1, in three places.

تجدّد [originally It became cut, or cut off.]

[And hence,] It (an udder) lost, or became devoid of, its milk: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and [in like manner] جُدَّ↓, aor. يُجَدُّ, inf. n. جَدَدٌ, it, (a breast, and an udder,) became dry. (AHeyth, TA.)

Hence also, [It was newly made; as though newly cut off from the web;] said of a garment: (TA:) and it (a thing, Ṣ, A) became new: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) and it (a thing, or an affair,) originated; was originated, or innovated; or was done newly, or for the first time: and sometimes استجدّ↓ is used intransitively [in the same senses]. (Mṣb.) [Also † It (an action, as, for instance, ablution, and a compact, or the like,) was renewed. See جَدَّدَ as syn. with أَجَدَّ.]

جَدٌّ Fortune, or particularly good fortune, syn. حَظٌّ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, L, Ḳ,) and بَخْتٌ, (Ṣ, A, L, Ḳ,) in the world, or in wordly circumstances; (TA;) advance in the world, or in worldly circumstances: (Mgh:) pl. [of mult.] جُدُودٌ (Ṣ) and [of pauc.] أَجْدَادٌ and أَجُدٌّ. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ ذُو جَدٍّ فِى كَذَا Such a one is possessed of good fortune in such a thing. (L.) And it is said in a trad. respecting the day of resurrection, وَإِذَا أَصْحَابُ الجَدِّ مَحْبُوسُونَ And lo, the people who were possessed of good fortune and riches in the world were imprisoned. (L.) And in a prayer, (L,) لَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الجَدِّ مِنْكَ الجَدُّ The good worldly fortune of him who is possessed of such fortune will not profit him, (Mgh, L,) in the world to come, (L,) in lieu of Thee; (Mgh, L;*) i. e., of obedience to Thee: (Mgh, and Mughnee in art. مِنْ:) or in lieu of the good fortune that cometh from Thee: or, as some say, will not defend him from Thee. (Mughnee ubi suprà. [See also another explanation below.]) Hence, أَجَدَّكَ لَا تَفْعَلْ [or أَجَدِّكَ]; and, accord. to some, وَجَدِّكَ: see جِدٌّ.

One's lot in life; and the means of subsistence that one receives from the bounty of God. (L, Ḳ.) One says, لِفُلَانٍ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ جَدٌّ Such a one has in this thing, or state of affairs, means of subsistence. (AʼObeyd, L.)

Richness; competence, or sufficiency; or the state of being in no need, or of having no wants, or of having few wants. (Ṣ, L, Mṣb.) لا ينفع ذا الجدّ منك الجدّ, [explained above, is said to mean] Riches,, &c., will not profit the possessor thereof with Thee; for nothing will profit him but acting in obedience to Thee: منك here signifies عِنْدَكَ. (Ṣ, Mṣb.)

Greatness, or majesty; (Mujáhid, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) accord. to some, specially of God: (TA:) so in the Ḳur lxxii. 3: (Ṣ, TA:) or his freedom from all wants or the like; syn. غِنًى. (Ṣ.) Hence, تَعَالَى جَدُّكَ, (Mgh, TA,) in a trad. respecting prayer, (TA,) Exalted be thy greatness, or majesty. (Mgh,* TA.)

See also أَجَدَّكَ, as an interrogative phrase, voce جِدٌّ.

Also, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) andمَجْدُودٌ↓, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Ḳ,) andجَدِيدٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) andجَدِّيٌّ↓, (Ṣ,) andجُدٌّ↓, andجُدِّيٌّ↓, the last two with damm, (Ḳ,) applied to a man, Fortunate; or possessed of good fortune; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb;) or possessed of good worldly fortune: (TA:) or possessing great fortune, or great good fortune: (Ḳ:) [the words here given from the Ṣ are there coupled with synonyms of the same form, thus; جَدِيدٌ↓ حَظِيظٌ, andمَجْدُودق↓ مَحْظُوظٌ, and جَدٌّ حَظُّ, andجَدِّيٌّ↓ حَظِّىٌّ; on the authority of ISk:] جُدٌّ↓, with damm, as an epithet applied to a man, is said by Sb to be syn. with مَجْدُودٌ; and its pl. is جُدُّونَ only. (L.)

Also جَدُّ, A grandfather; the father's father, and the mother's father: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and † a higher ascendant; an ancestor: (Mṣb:) andجَدَّةٌ↓ a grandmother; the father's mother, and the mother's mother: (Ḳ:) [and † a female ancestor:] pl. of the former, أَجْدَادٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and جُدُودٌ and جُدُودَةٌ: (Ḳ:) and of the latter, جَدَّاتٌ. (TA.) Hence, accord. to some, وَجَدِّكَ لَا تَفْعَلْ: see جِدٌّ.

See also جُدَّةٌ:

and see جَدِيدٌ.

جُدٌّ: see جَدٌّ, in two places.

See also جُدَّةٌ.

Also The side (جَانِب) of anything. (Ḳ.)

And A well in a place where is much herbage, or pasture: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) a well abounding with water; (Ḳ;) [and] so جُدْجُدٌ↓; (KL;) but AʼObeyd says that this is not known: (L:) and, contr., a well containing little water: a scanty water, or water little in quantity: a water at the extremity of a [desert such as is called] فَلَاة: (Ḳ:) an old water: (Th, Ḳ:) an old well: (KL:) pl. (in all these senses, TA) أَجْدَادٌ. (Mṣb, TA.)

جِدٌّ [accord. to some an inf. n., but accord. to others a simple subst., (see جَدَّ,)] Seriousness, or earnestness, contr. of هَزْلٌ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) in speech. (Mṣb.) Hence, ثَلَاثٌ جِدُّهُنَّ جِدٌّ وَهَزْلُهُنَّ جِدٌّ [There are three things in relation to which what is serious is serious and what is jesting is serious]: a saying of Moḥammad, whereby he forbade a man's divorcing and emancipating and marrying and then retracting, saying “I was jesting;” as was customary in the time of paganism. (Mṣb.) أَجِدَّكَ andأَجَدَّكَ↓ signify the same; (Ṣ;) but the former is the more chaste; (TA;) جِدّ and جَدّ being thus used only as prefixed nouns: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) Aṣ says that the meaning is, أَبِجِدٍّ مِنْكَ هٰذَا [Does this proceed from thee in seriousness, or in earnest?]; and that جِدّ is put in the accus. case because of the rejection of the [prep.] ب: AA says that the meaning is, مَا لَكَ أَجِدًّا مِنْكَ [What aileth thee? Doth it proceed from thee in seriousness, or in earnest?]; and that جدّ is put in the accus. case as an inf. n.: Th says that the phrase as it occurs in poetry is أَجِدَّكَ, with kesr: (Ṣ:) but when it occurs with وَ [in the place of أَ, or with أَ in the sense of وَ, as a particle denoting an oath,] it isوَجَدِّكَ↓ [or أَجَدِّكَ], with fet-ḥ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) yon say, وَجَدِّكَ لَا تَفْعَلْ, (Ḳ, in the CK وَجَدَّكَ,) meaning, By thy grandfather, do not [such a thing]: or by thy fortune, or good fortune, do not: (TA:) also, when you say, أَجِدَّكَ لَا تَفْعَلْ, [or أَجِدِّكَ, for أَ (q. v.) is substituted for a particle of swearing, as in أَللّٰهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ,] the meaning is, I adjure thee by thy truth, (Lth, Ḳ,) and by thy seriousness, or earnestness, (Lth, TA,) do not: and when you say,أَجَدَّكَ↓ لَا تَفْعَلْ, [or أَجَدِّكَ,] the meaning is, I adjure thee by thy fortune, or good fortune, do not: (Lth, Ḳ:) Aboo-ʼAlee Esh-Shalowbeenee asserts that it implies the signification of an oath. (MF.) In the phrase اجدّك لا تَفْعَلُ, AAF says, we may consider لا تفعل as put in the place of a denotative of state; or the phrase may be originally اجدّك أَنْ لَا تَفْعَلَ, ان being suppressed, and its government annulled: [therefore it may be rendered, in the former case, Is it with seriousness on thy part, thou doing such a thing? and in the latter case, Is it with seriousness on thy part that thou will not do such a thing? i. e. dost thou mean seriously that thou will not do it? or in this case, اجدّك may be used as a form of adjuration in one of the senses explained above, and لَا تَفْعَلُ may mean, that thou do not such a thing; or اجدّك may mean وَجَدَّكَ, (explained above, and so in the three exs. below,) and لَا تَفْعَلُ, thou wilt not do it:] and, as AḤei says, there is here a nice point, which is this; that the noun [meaning the pronoun] to which جدّ is prefixed should agree in person with the verb which follows it; so that one should say, اجدِّى لَا أُكْرِمُكَ, and اجدّكَ لَا تَفْعَلُ, and اجدّهُ لَا يَزُورُنَا; because جدّ is an inf. n. corroborating the proposition that follows it. (MF.)

Also, [and in this case, likewise, accord. to some an inf. n., but accord. to others a simple subst., (see, again, جَدَّ,)] A striving, labour, or toil; exertion of one's self, or of one's power or efforts or endeavours or ability; vigorousness, strenuousness, laboriousness, diligence, studiousness, sedulousness, earnestness, or energy; painstaking, or extraordinary painstaking; (Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ;) in affairs, (Ṣ,) or in an affair. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) Hence, جِدًّا [meaning In a great, or an extraordinary, degree; greatly, much, exceedingly, or extraordinarily; very; very greatly, or very much; extremely]; as in the phrase, (Mṣb,) فُلَانٌ مُحْسِنٌ جِدًّا [Such a one is beneficent in a great, or an extraordinary, degree; very, exceedingly, or extremely, beneficent]: you should not say جَدًّا. (Ṣ, Mṣb.* [In my copy of the Mṣb, it is محسن جدّا بالفتح: but the context shows that there is an omission here, and that, after جدّا, we should read, as in the Ṣ, وَلَا تَقُلْ جَدًّا.]) جِدًّا [in a phrase of this kind] is put in the accus. case as an inf. n. [of which the verb is understood; so that, in the ex. given above, the proper meaning is, يَجِدُّ فِى الإِحْسَانِ جِدًّا striving in beneficence with a great striving]; because it is not from the same root as the preceding word, nor is it identical with it [in meaning]. (L.) You say also, فِى هٰذَا خَطَرٌ جِدَّ عَظِيمٍ, meaning عَظِيمٌ جِدًّا [† In this is a very, or an extremely, great danger, or risk]. (Ṣ.) And هٰذا العَالِمُ جِدَّ العَالِمِ This is the learned man, the extremely [or the very] learned man. (L.) And هٰذَا عَالِمٌ جِدَّ عَالِمٍ This is a learned man, an extremely [or a very] learned man. (L,* Ḳ.)

Also ‡ Haste. (Ṣ, L, Ḳ, TA.) So in the phrase فُلَانٌ عَلَى جِدِّ أَمْرٍ ‡ Such a one is in haste in an affair. (Ṣ, L, TA.)

Also Executed seriously, or in earnest, [in which there is no jesting,] and excessive; syn. مُحَقَّقٌ مُبَالَغٌ فِيهِ [meaning مُحَقَّقٌ فِيهِ وَمُبَالَغٌ فِيهِ; (see جَدَّ فِى أَمْرِهِ;) جِدٌّ thus used as an epithet having an intensive signification because it is originally an inf. n., or as some say, a simple subst.]: (L, Ḳ:) applied in this sense to a punishment: (L:) and also applied to a pace. (Ḳ in art. نص.)

See also جُدَّةٌ:

and see جَدِيدٌ.

جُدَّةٌ The bank, or side, or a river; as also جِدَّةٌ andجِدٌّ↓ (IAth, L, Ḳ) andجُدٌّ↓ (IAth, Mgh, L) andجَدٌّ↓, (Mgh, L, Ḳ,) accord. to some, but correctly جُدٌّ; so called because cut off from the river, or because cut by the water, in like manner as it is called سَاحِلٌ because it is abraded by the water: (Mgh:) or the part of a river that is near the land; as alsoجِدَّةٌ↓: (L:) and the shore of the sea: (MF:) accord. to Aṣ, جدّة is an arabicized word from the Nabathean كدّ. (L.)

The stripe, or streak, that is on the back of the ass, differing from his general colour. (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ.) And ‡ A streak (Fr, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) in anything, (TA,) as in a mountain, (Fr, Ṣ,) differing in colour from the rest of the mountain, (Ṣ,) white and black and red; (Fr, TA;) as also in the sky: (A, TA:) pl. جُدَدٌ, (Fr, Ṣ,) occurring in the Ḳur xxxv. 25; (Ṣ;) where some read جُدُدٌ, pl. ofجديدة↓ [app. جَدِيدَةٌ], which is syn. with جُدَّةٌ; and some, جَدَدٌ [q. v.]. (Bḍ.)

A sign, or mark, syn. عَلَامَةٌ, (Th, Ḳ,) of, or in, anything. (Th, TA.)

A beaten way, marked with lines [cut by the feet of the men and beasts that have travelled along it]: (Az, L:) or a road, or way: pl. جُدَدٌ: (Mṣb:) and جُدُودٌ, also, [app. another pl. of جُدَّةٌ,] signifies paths, or tracks, forming lines upon the ground. (Az, L.) See also جَادَّةٌ.

[Hence, app., but accord. to the Ṣ from the same word as signifying “a streak,”] رَكِبَ جُدَّةً مِنَ الأَمْرِ, (Ṣ, A, TA,) or جُدَّةَ الأَمْرِ, (Ḳ,) ‡ He set upon a way, or manner, of performing the affair: (A:) or he formed an opinion respecting the affair, or case. (Zj, Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)

See also جِدَّةٌ.

جِدَّةٌ: see جُدَّةٌ, in two places:

and see جَدِيدٌ.

Also A rag; or piece torn off from a garment; and soجُدَّةٌ↓: thus in the saying, مَا عَلَيْهِ جِدَّةٌ and جُدَّةٌ [There is not upon him a rag]. (Ḳ.)

A collar upon the neck of a dog: (Th, L, Ḳ:) pl. جُدَدٌ [like لُحًى pl. of لِحْيَةٌ, or perhaps a mistake for جِدَدٌ]. (L.)

جَدَدٌ Hard ground: (Ṣ:) or hard level ground: (Ḥar p. 522:) [see also جَدْجَدٌ:] or rough level ground: (Ḳ:) or rough ground: or level ground: (TA:) or a level and spacious tract of land; a tract such as is called صَحْرَآء, and such as is called فَضَآء, containing no soft place in which the feet sink, nor any mountain, nor any [hill such as is called] أَكَمَة; sometimes wide, and sometimes of little width: (ISh:) [and] a conspicuous road: (Bḍ in xxxv. 25:) pl. أَجْدَادٌ. (ISh.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ سَلَكَ الجَدَدَ أَمِنَ العِثَارَ [He who walks along hard, or hard and level, ground is secure from stumbling]; (Ṣ, TA;) meaning, he who pursues the course marked out by common consent is secure from stumbling. (TA.) And مَكَانٌ جَدَدٌ occurs in a trad., meaning Level ground. (TA.)

See also جَدِيدٌ.

Also Sand that is thin, or fine, (Ḳ, TA,) and sloping down. (TA.)

And A thing resembling a سِلْعَة [or ganglion] in the neck of a camel. (Ḳ.)

جَدَادٌ andجِدَادٌ↓ The cutting off of the fruit of palm-trees. (Ṣ,* A,* L, Mṣb,* Ḳ.*) You say, هٰذَا زَمَنُ الجَدَادِ and الجِدَادِ [This is the time, or season, of the cutting off of the fruit of the palmtrees]. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb.*) Some say that جداد signifies particularly [as above,] the cutting off [of the fruit] of palm-trees; and جذاذ, the cutting off of all fruits, in a general sense: others say that they signify the same. (TA.)

Also The time, or season, of the cutting off of the fruit of palm-trees. (Ṣ,* L.) You say جَدَادٌ and جِدَادٌ, like صَرَامٌ and صِرَامٌ, and قَطَافٌ and قِطَافٌ; (Ks, Ṣ;) whence it seems as though the measures فَعَالٌ and فِعَالٌ were uniformly applicable to every noun signifying the time of the action; such nouns being likened to أَوَانٌ and إِوَانٌ. (Ṣ.)

جَدُودٌ, (ISk, Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) or جَدُودَةٌ, (L,) Having little milk, (ISk, Ṣ,) or not from any imperfection; (L;) applied to a ewe, (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ,) but not to a she-goat; the epithet مَصُورٌ being used in the latter case: (ISk, Ṣ:) or a ewe or she-goat having no milk; as alsoجَدَّآءُ↓: (A:) pl. جَدَائِدُ (Ṣ, L) and جِدَادٌ. (L.)

Also A fat she-ass: pl. جِدَادٌ. (AZ, Ḳ.)

جَدِيدٌ, of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, [i. e.مَجْدُودٌ↓,] Cut, or cut off. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) A poet says,

* أَبِى حُبِّى سُلَيْمَى أَنْ يَبِيدَا *

* وَأَمْسَى حَبْلُهَا خَلَقًا جَدِيدَا *

[My love of Suleymà hath refused to perish; but her cord (i. e. her tie of affection to me) hath become worn out and cut]: (Ṣ:) [as جديد signifies “new” more commonly than “cut,”] this verse appears as though it involved a contradiction. (MF.)

Applied to a garment, or a piece of cloth [sufficient for a garment or the like], Newly cut off [from the web] by the weaver: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and so (without ة, Ṣ) applied to a مِلْحَفَة; (Ṣ, A;) thus applied to a fem. n. because syn. with مَجْدُودَةٌ↓; (Ṣ, ISd;) or, accord. to Sb, because by ملحفة in this case is meant إِزَار, and for a like reason in like cases; (Ḥam p. 555;) but one also says جَدِيدَةٌ; (ISd;) and accord. to some, جديد is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, and therefore the ة is regularly affixed to it: (Ḥam ubi suprà:) the pl. is جُدُدٌ (Mbr, Th, Ṣ, A, Ḳ) and جُدَدٌ; (AZ, AʼObeyd, Mbr;) but the former is the more common. (TA.)

And hence, (L,) applied to a garment, (L, TA,) or a thing, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) New; contr. of قَدِيمٌ, (Mṣb,) or contr. of خَلَقٌ; (Ṣ, L;) from جِدَّةٌ as contr. of بِلًى: (Ḳ:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجِدَّةٌ and [of mult.] جُدُدٌ and جُدَدٌ. (L.) You say, أَصْبَحَتْ خَلَقُهُمْ جُدُدًا, a phrase mentioned by Lḥ, meaning خُلْقَانُهُمْ جُدُدًا [i. e. Their old worn-out garments became replaced by new]: or جُدُدًا may be here put for جَدِيدًا. (L.)

And hence, (TA,) الجَدِيدَانِ andالأَجَدَّانِ↓ The night and the day; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) because they never become impaired by time. (TA.) You say, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا ٱخْتَلَفَ الجَدِيدَانِ andالأَجَدَّانِ↓ [I will not do it while the day and the night succeed each other]: (Ṣ:) or مَا كَرَّ الجَدِيدَانِ and الأَجَدَّانِ [while the day and the night return time after time: i. e., ever]. (A.)

Hence likewise, جَدِيدٌ also signifies A thing of which one has had no knowledge. (L.)

And hence, (L,) الجَدِيدُ signifies Death: (Ḳ:) or is applied as an epithet to death, in the dial. of Hudheyl. (L.) Accord. to Akh and El-Mugháfis El-Báhilee, جَدِيدُ المَوْتِ means The commencement of death. (L.)

Also The face, or surface, of the earth, or ground; [as though it were cut;] (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) and soجَدَدٌ↓, andجِدَّةٌ↓, andجَدٌّ↓, (Ḳ,) andجِدٌّ↓. (TA.)

See also جَدٌّ, in two places.

جُدَادَةٌ What is cut off from the roots, or eradicated, of, or from, palm-trees, &c. (Lḥ, TA.)

جَدِيدَةٌ The kind of pad, or stuffed thing, (رِفَادَةٌ,) and the felt, stuck, or attached, beneath the two boards of a horse's saddle: there are two such things, called جَدِيدَتَانِ: (Ṣ:) or the جديدتان consist of the felt that is stuck, or attached, in the inner side of a horse's and of a camel's saddle: (L:) but جديدة thus applied is a post-classical word: the [classical] Arabs say جَدْيَةٌ, (Ṣ,) or, as in J's own handwriting, جَدِيَّةٌ. (So in the margin of a copy of the Ṣ.)

See also جُدَّةٌ.

جَدْجَدٌ Hard level ground: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [see also جَدَدٌ:] smooth ground: and rough ground: (TA:) a smooth tract such as is called فَيْف. (AA, TA.)

جُدْجُدٌ [The cricket;] i. q. صَرَّارُ اللَّيْلِ, (Ṣ, M,) a small flying thing, (Ḳ,) that leaps, or springs, or bounds, much, (Ṣ, M,) and creaks by night, (TA,) and bears a resemblance to the جَرَاد [or locust]: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and a certain insect like the جُنْدَب, (M, L, Ḳ,) except that it is generally blackish, and short, but in some instances inclining to white; also called صَرْصَرٌ: (M, L:) or i. q. صَدًى and جُنْدَبٌ: (El-'Adebbes:) pl. جَدَاجِدُ. (Ṣ.) Accord. to IAạr, A certain insect that clings to a skin, or hide, and eats it. (TA.)

See also جُدٌّ.

جَادٌّ act. part. n. of جَدَّ; (Mgh, L;) Cutting, or cutting off. (Mgh.)

أَجَادُّ أَنْتَ أَمْ هَازِلٌ Art thou serious or jesting? (A.) It is said in a trad., لَا يَأْخُذَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ مَتَاعَ أَخِيهِ لَاعِبًا جَادًّا [By no means shall any one of you take the property of his brother in play and in earnest]; by which is meant taking a thing without meaning to steal it, but meaning to vex and anger the owner, so that the taker is in play with respect to theft, but in earnest in annoying. (TA in art. لعب.)

فُلَانٌ جَادٌّ Such a one is striving, labouring, or toiling; exerting himself or his power or efforts or endeavours or ability;, &c. (TA.) Andفُلَانٌ جَادٌّ مُجِدٌّ↓, thus with the two similar words together, (Aṣ, Ṣ, L,) signifies the same [in an intensive degree]. (L, TA.)

جَادُّ مِائَةِ وَسْقٍ Land, or palm-trees, of which the produce, cut therefrom, is a hundred camel-loads: جَادٌّ being here used in the sense ofمَجْدُودٌ↓. (L.) It is said in a trad. of Aboo-Bekr,نَهَلَ عَائِشَةَ جِدَادَ↓ عِشْرِينَ وَسْقًا, meaning He gave to ʼÁïsheh palm-trees of which the quantity of the dates cut therefrom was a hundred camel-loads; but the phrase heard from the Arabs is جَادَّ عِشْرِينَ: the former is like the saying هٰذِهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ ضَرْبُ الأَمِيرِ; and the latter, like عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ. (Mgh.)

جَادَّةٌ The main part of a road; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) its middle: (Mgh, Mṣb, and M voce جَرَجَة:) or its even part: or the beaten track, or part along which one walks, or travels; the conspicuous part thereof: or a main road that comprises other roads, or tracks, and upon which one must pass: (TA:) or a road, or way, absolutely; as alsoجُدَّةٌ↓: (Zj, MF:) or a road leading to water: (AḤn, TA:) it is so called because it is marked with tracks, forming lines: (T, TA:) pl. جَوَادٌّ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) occurring in poetry without teshdeed, but disapproved by Aṣ. (L.) فُلَانٌ عَلَى الجَادَّةِ means † Such a one is following the right course of action or the like. (Mgh.) You say also, هُوَ عَلَى جَادَّةِ الحَقِّ † [He is on the road, or main road, of truth]: not, however, عَلَى جَادَّةِ البَاطِلِ, but على مَزَلَّةِ البَاطِلِ, and مَزْلَقَتِهِ, and مَهْلَكَتِهِ. (MF.)

أَجَدُّ [Having some part, or parts, cut, or cut off: fem. جَدَّآءُ].

[Hence,] جَدَّآءُ A ewe, or she-goat, or she-camel, (TA,) having her ear cut off. (Ḳ, TA.)

A ewe, or she-goat, having her teats cut off; (Sh, TA;) as alsoمُجَدَّدَةٌ↓ [q. v.], applied to a she-camel: (Aṣ, TA:) or having her udder cut off. (Khálid, TA.)

[And hence,] † A milch animal (TA [in the Ṣ app. restricted to a ewe]) whose milk has passed away, (ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ,) by reason of some fault, or imperfection: (ISk, Ṣ:) see also جَدُودٌ: or a ewe, or she-camel, or she-ass, having little milk; having a dry udder: or having dry teats, being hurt by the صِرَار [q. v.]: (L:) and أَجَدُّ † a breast that has become dry. (AHeyth.)

† A woman small in the breast: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or having short breasts. (TA from a trad.)

† A desert, (فَلَاة, Ṣ, Ḳ,) or land, (أَرْض, A,) in which is no water: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) a desert (مَفَازَة) that is dry. (TA.)

عَامٌ أَجَدُّ and سَنَةٌ جَدَّآءُ † A year of drought, and of dryness o the earth. (TA.)

الأَجَدَّانِ: see جَدِيدٌ, in two places.

أَجَدُّ also signifies More [and most] easy to walk or ride upon, and more [and most] plain or level; applied to a road. (TA.)

And More [and most] fortunate; applied to a man. (ISd, A, L.)

مُجَدَّدَةٌ الأَخْلَافِ A she-camel having her teats cut off in consequence of injury occasioned to her by the صِرَار [q. v.]. (Ṣ.) See also أَجَدُّ.

And مُجَدَّدٌ A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء having stripes of different colours. (Ṣ.)

مُجِدٌّ: see جَادٌّ.

إِنَّهَا لمجدّة بِالرَّجُلِ, a phrase mentioned by Aṣ, said of a she-camel, meaning, Verily she is quick in her pace with the man: but Az says, I know not whether he said مِجَدَّةٌ↓ or مُجِدَّةٌ: the former would be from جَدَّ; and the latter, from أَجَدَّ. (L.)