Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَدُبَ, (A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَجْدُبُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. جُدُوبَةٌ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) It (a place, Ṣ, A, Ḳ, or a country, or region, Mṣb,) was, or became, affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as also جَدِبَ, (A,) inf. n. جَدَبٌ; (KL;) or جَدَبَ; (Ḳ;) andاجدب↓; (A, Ḳ;) or جَدِبَت, aor. ـَ {يَجْدَبُ}; andأَجْدَبَت↓; both said of the earth or land (الأَرْض): (Mṣb:) andأَجْدَبَتِ↓ البِلَادُ the countries, or regions, were affected with drought, and the prices became high [therein]. (TA.)

جَدَبَهُ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَجْدِبُ} (M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ـُ {يَجْدُبُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. جَدْبٌ, (Mṣb,) He found fault with it; dispraised it; expressed disapprobation of it. (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) So in the saying (Ṣ, A) relating to ʼOmar, (A, TA,) in a trad., (Ṣ,) جَدَبَ السَّمَرَ بَعْدَ العِشَآءِ (Ṣ) or بَعْدَ العَتَمَةِ (A) [He expressed disapprobation of night-discourse after nightfall, or after the first third of the night reckoned from the disappearance of the redness of the twilight].

جَادَبَتِ الإِبِلُ العَامَ, (ISk, Ṣ, A, TA,) inf. n. مُجَادَبَةٌ, (TA,) The camels experienced, or have experienced, drought, and barrenness, or dryness of the earth, this year, and have become in such a state as not to eat anything but dry and black herbage, dry ثُمَام [or panic grass]: (ISk, Ṣ, TA:) or have not met with, or found, anything but what was bad, by reason of drought, and barrenness, or dryness of the earth, this year. (A.)

see 1, in three places.

أَجْدَبَتِ السَّنَةُ The year became one of drought, barrenness, or dearth; or drought, and dryness of the earth. (A,* TA.)

اجدب القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, experienced drought, barrenness, or death; or drought, and dryness of the earth. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

[Hence,] نَزَلْنَا بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ فَأَجْدَبْنَا ‡ We alighted as guests at the abode of the sons of such a one, and found not entertainment with them, though they were in the enjoyment of plenty: (A:) [or] نَزَلْنَا فُلَانًا فَأَجْدَبْنَاهُ † we alighted as guests at the abode of such a one, and [found that] he did not entertain us. (TA.) [The latter, if correct, is from what next follows.]

اجدب الأَرْضَ He found the land to be affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)

مَا أَتَجَدَّبُ أَنْ أَصْحَبَكَ † I do not deem it disagreeable, or unsuitable, to accompany thee; syn. مَا أَسْتَوْخِمُ. (Ḳ.)

جَدْبٌ Drought, barrenness, or dearth; contr. of خِصْبٌ; (Ṣ;) i. q. مَحْلٌ, (A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) i. e. drought, or suspension of rain, and dryness of the earth; (Mṣb;) dryness and barrenness of the earth: (Ḥar p. 576:) andجِدَبٌّ↓ is a name, or subst., for الجَدْبٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) meaning المَحْلُ; as in the saying of the rájiz, cited by Sb,

* لَقَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أَرَى جِدَبَّا *

* فِى عَامِنَا بَعْدَ مَا أَخْصَبَّا *

[Verily I feared to see drought, or barrenness,, &c., in this our year, after it had been abundant in herbage]; جِدَبَّا being used for الجَدْبَا; or, accord. to one reading, it is جَدْبَبَّا↓, with a doubled ب added; the change being made for the sake of the metre. (M, TA. [Respecting أَخْصَبَّا, see 4 in art. خصب.])

Also A place, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) or a country, or region, (Mṣb,) affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth; and soجَدِيبٌ↓ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andجَدُوبٌ↓ andمَجْدُوبٌ↓, (Ḳ,) the last derived from جُدِبَ though this verb has not been used, (TA,) andمُجْدِبٌ↓, (M, A,) of which the pl. is مَجَادِيبُ. (A.) You say also أَرْضٌ جَدْبٌ [in which جدب is an inf. n. (though app. obsolete as such) and therefore applicable to a fem. subst.] (ISd, TA) and جَدْبَةٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andجَدِبَةٌ↓ (A, Mṣb) andجَدِيبٌ↓ (Mṣb) andجَدُوبٌ↓ (Lḥ, M, Mṣb) andمُجْدِبَةٌ↓, of which last the pl. is مَجَادِيبُ, (Mṣb,) A land affected with drought,, &c.: (Ṣ, M, A, &c.:) and أَرْضُونَ جُدُوبٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) as though to each part were applied the term جَدْبٌ [used as a subst.] from which is formed the pl. جُدُوبٌ, (TA,) and جَدْبٌ, (Ḳ,) which is here an inf. n. used as an epithet [and therefore applicable to a pl. subst.], (TA,) lands affected with drought,, &c. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) Andفَلَاةٌ جَدْبَآءُ↓ [fem. of أَجْدَبُ] (M, Ḳ) A desert affected with drought,, &c.; (Ḳ;) in which is neither little nor much, neither pasture nor herbage. (M, TA.) Andفُلَانٌ جَدِيبُ↓ الجَنَابِ Such a one is environed by a tract affected with drought,, &c. (Ṣ. [But this phrase is generally used tropically, as meaning † Such a one is ungenerous or illiberal or inhospitable. See art. جنب.]) And سَنَةٌ جَدْبَةٌ (Ḳ in art. جرز) andعَامٌ جَدُوبٌ↓ (M, TA) [A year of drought,, &c.]. See also أَجَادِبُ, in two places.

Also i. q. عَيْبٌ [A vice, fault, defect,, &c.]; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) a signification which may be either proper or tropical. (Er-Rághib, MF.)

جَادِبٌ Finding fault, dispraising, expressing disapprobation: whence the saying of Dhu-rRummeh,

* فَيَا لَكَ مِنْ خَدٍّ أَسِيلٍ و مَنْطِقٍ *

* رَخِيمٍ وَمِنْ خَلْقٍ تَعَلَّلَ جَادِبُهْ *

meaning [O thou smooth and even cheek, and gentle speech, and make] whereof he who dispraises it occupies himself vainly, finding no defect in it. (Ṣ, TA.)

It is also said [as in the Ḳ, &c.] to signify Lying; and the author of the ʼEyn says that it has no verb belonging to it [in this sense]; but this is a mistranscription [for خَادِبٌ]: AZ says that جَادِبٌ, with ج, has the signification here first given. (M, TA.)

جُنْدَبٌ and جُنْدُبٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.) and جِنْدَبٌ, like دِرْهَمٌ, (Sb, M, Ḳ,) the last of which is of weakest authority, because of a rare measure, whereof it has been said that there are only four examples: (TA:) in all of them the ن is said by some to be radical; but others, with more reason, hold it to be augmentative: (MF:) Sb says that it is augmentative: (Ṣ:) A species of locust, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) well known: (Ḳ:) or the male locust: or small locust: or, accord. to Seer, i. q. صَدًى [a kind of cricket], that creaks by night, and hops and flies: [but see صَدًى:] or, accord. to the M, it is smaller than the صدى, and is found in the deserts: pl. جَنَادِبُ. (TA.) صرّ الجندب [i. e. صَرَّ الجُنْدَبُ The جندب creaked] is a saying of the Arabs, used as a proverb; alluding to a difficult affair by which a person is troubled in mind; originating from the fact that the جندب, when its feet are scorched by the heated ground, does not keep them steadily upon it, and a creaking sound is consequently heard, produced by its legs. (TA.)

أُمُّ جُنْدَبٍ The sand; because the locust [or جندب] deposits its eggs therein: and the walker therein falls into evil [or encounters difficulty]. (TA.)

[Hence it signifies also] Misfortune: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and perfidy, or faithlessness, or treachery: (M, Ḳ:) and wrong, or injury: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and evil conduct, or ill treatment. (Ṣ.) You say, وَقَعَ فُلَانٌ فِى أُمِّ جُنْدَبٍ Such a one fell into misfortune: or into perfidy. (TA.) And وَقَعُوا فِى أُمِّ جُنْدَبٍ They suffered wrong, or injury. (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ.) And وَقَعَ القَوْمُ جُنْدَبٍ The people, or company of men, committed wrong, or injury, and slew him who was not a slayer: (TA:) [as though they came with violence upon sand in which eggs of the جندب were deposited, and so destroyed the eggs, which had occasioned them no harm.] And رَكِبَ أُمَّ جُنْدَبٍ He committed wrong, or injury. (TA.)

[أَجْدَبُ i. q. جَدْبٌ as syn. with جَدِيبٌ: fem. جَدْيَآءُ. Hence,] فَلَاةٌ جَدْيَآءُ: see جَدْبٌ.

[Hence also,] سَنَةٌ جَدْبَآءُ A year of much snow. (L in art. شهب.)

أَجْدَبُ is [also] said in the M to be [used as] a subst. applied to what is termed مُجْدِب [i. e. as syn. with the latter word used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; app. meaning A place, or the like, affected with drought,, &c.]. (TA.)

[Also, as a comparative and superlative epithet, meaning More, and most, affected with drought,, &c.; contr. of أَخْصَبُ.]

أَجَادِبُ, in a trad., where it is said, وَكَانَتْ فِيهِ أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ المَآءِ, (Ḳ,* TA,) or وكانت فِيهَا, (TA,) [And there were in it اجادب that retained the water], is said to be pl. of أَجْدُبٌ, which is pl. ofجَدْبٌ↓, (Ḳ, TA,) like as أَكَالِبُ is pl. of أَكْلُبٌ, which is pl. of كَلْبٌ; (TA;) and signifies hard parts of the ground, that retain water, and do not imbibe it quickly; or, as some say, land having no plants or herbage, from جَدْبٌ↓ meaning “drought”, &c.: the word is thus written in the two Saheehs, of El-Bukháree and Muslim: (IAth, TA:) but some say that it is an anomalous pl. of جَدْبٌ, like as مَحَاسِنُ is of حُسْنٌ: and there are other readings; namely, أَجَاذِبُ and أَحَادِبُ and أَحَازِبُ and أَجَارِدُ, pl. of أَجْرَدُ, and إِخَاذَاتٌ, pl. of إِخَاذَةٌ. (MF, TA.)

مِجْدَابٌ Land scarely ever, or never, abundant in herbage, or in the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; scarcely ever, or never, fruitful, or plentiful. (Ḳ.)