Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَشَّهُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَجْشُشُ}, inf. n. جَشٌّ, (Ṣ,) He ground it (namely wheat, Ṣ, or grain, A) coarsely; (Ṣ, A;) as alsoأَجَشَّهُ↓. (Ṣ.)

He bruised, brayed, or pounded, it: and he broke it: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) as alsoأَجَشَّهُ↓. (Ḳ)

He beat him, or struck him, with a staff or stick. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

جُشَّةٌ (A, Ḳ, TA) andجَشَشٌ↓ (TA) Loudness, or vehemence, of voice or sound: (A, Ḳ, TA:) and a rough sound coming forth from the خَيَاشِيم [or air-passages in the nose], in which is a hoarseness. (Ḳ, TA.) You say,فِى صَهِيلِ الفَرَسِ جَشَشٌ↓ In the neighing of the horse is a rough sound: (TA:) which is one of the qualities approved in horses. (IDrd.) And فِى صَوْتِ القَوْسِ جُشَّةٌ عِنْدَ الرَّمْىِ In the sound of the bow is a roughness of twanging on the occasion of shooting. (AḤn TA.)

جَشِيشٌ Wheat coarsely ground; as alsoمَجْشُوشٌ↓. (Ṣ.)

And, [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] (TA,) as alsoجَشِيشَةٌ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) What is coarsely ground, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) of wheat, &c., (Ṣ,) or of wheat and the like: (Ḳ, TA:) or the former, grain when bruised, brayed, or pounded, before it is cooked: and↓ the latter, such as is cooked: but ISd says that this distinction is not of valid authority. (TA.)

Also, the former, i. q. سَوِيقٌ [Meal of parched barley or wheat, coarsely ground, which is made into a kind of gruel]; (El-Fárisee, Ṣ, Ḳ;) and so↓ the latter: (A:) or↓ the latter is the n. un. (El-Fárisee.) You say,اِسْقِنِى جَشِيشَةٌ↓ Give thou me to drink [some] سويق. (A.) Or سويق is not calledجشيشة↓, but is called جَذِيذَةٌ, q. v. (TA.)

And the former, (Sh, Ḳ,) orجَشِيشَةٌ↓, (TA in art. دش,) Wheat coarsely ground, and put into a cooking-pot, into which some flesh-meat is thrown, or some dates, and then cooked: (Sh, Ḳ:) also called دَشِيشَةٌ: (TA:) or a soup made of coarsely bruised wheat. (TA in art. دش.)

أَجَشُّ Having a rough, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or loud, or vehement, (A,) voice, or sound: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) applied to a man, and a horse, and thunder, (A, Ḳ,), &c. (Ḳ.) You say, رَجُلٌ أَجَشُّ الصَّوْتِ A man having a [rough, or] loud, or vehement, voice. (A.) And فَرَسٌ أَجَشُّ, (A,) or أَجَّشُ الصَوْتِ, (Ṣ, TA,) A horse in whose neighing is a roughness. (TA.) And سَحَابٌ أَجَشُّ, (Aṣ,) or أَجَشُّ الرَّعْدِ, (Ṣ,) Clouds that thunder vehemently. (Aṣ.) And قَوْسٌ جَشَّآءُ, [جشّآء being the fem. of اجشّ,] A bow having a rough twanging, (AḤn, Ḳ,) when one shoots with it. (AḤn.)

الأَجَشُّ is also the name of One of the sounds of which musical modulations are formed, (Kh, Ḳ,) which are three in number; [app. meaning the treble, tenor, and bass, clefs; the last being that to which this term is applied;] the sound thus called being from the head, (Kh,) issuing from the خَيَاشِيم [or air-passages in the nose], having in it a roughness and hoarseness, (Kh, Ḳ,) and followed by a gradual fall (تَحَدُّر) [of the voice] modulated in accordance to that same sound, and then followed by a sound [in my original بِوَشْىٍ, but I think it probable that this is a mistranscription for بِوَحْىٍ, or بِوَحًى, or the like, for, though وَشْىٌ might perhaps, by straining a metaphor, be applied to denote a varied sound, its being understood in this sense seems to be forbidden by its being here added] like the first. (Kh, TA.) [This explanation is perhaps illustrated by the fact that the bass in the music of the Arabs is often formed of one prolonged note, falling and rising.]

Also جَشَّآءُ, [أَرْضٌ being understood,] A pebbly plain, fit for palm-trees. (Ḳ, TA.)

مِجَشٌّ, (Ṣ,) orمِجَشَّةٌ↓, (A,) or both, (Ḳ,) A mill (Ṣ, Ḳ) with which جَشِيش is ground: (Ṣ:) or a small mill with which one grinds coarsely. (A.)