Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

جَابَهُ, (Ṣ,* TA,) aor. يَجُوبُ, (Ṣ, TA,) inf. n. جَوْبٌ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, TA) and تَجْوَابٌ, (Ḥar p. 336,) He made a hole in it; or rent, or tore, it; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoاجتابهُ↓: (Ḳ,* TA:) he made a hole through, or in, or into, it; perforated, pierced, or bored, it: (TA:) he cut it: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, TA:) he cut it in like manner as one cuts a جَيْب [or an opening at the neck and bosom of a shirt, &c.]: (L, TA:) he made, or cut, a hole in the middle of it; cut a piece out of the middle of it; hollowed it out; or excavated it. (TA.) You say, جاب الصَّخْرَةَ He made a hole in the rock; (A, TA;) perforated, pierced, or bored, it. (TA.) Hence, in the Ḳur [lxxxix. 8], وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالوَادِ (Fr, Ṣ, TA) And Thamood, who made holes in the rocks, (Fr, TA,) or cut the rocks, (Bḍ, Jel,) [or hollowed them out,] and made them dwellings, in the valley, (Fr, Bḍ, Jel, TA,) i. e., in Wádi-l-Kurà. (Bḍ, Jel.) You say also, جاب القَمِيصَ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. بَجُوبُ, [inf. n. جَوْبٌ;] (Ṣ, Ḳ, and Mṣb in art. جيب;) and aor. يَجِيبُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) [inf. n., app., جِيبٌ, originally جَوْبٌ; see a verse cited below, and a remark of Sh thereon;] andجوّبهُ↓; (A, Ḳ;) He hollowed out, or cut out in a round form, the جَيْب of the shirt: (Ṣ, and Mṣb in art. جيب:) or he cut the جَيْب of the shirt: (A:) or he made a جَيْب to the shirt; (Ḳ;) as also جَيَّبَهُ, (Ṣ, and Mṣb in art. جيب,) inf. n. تَجْيِيبٌ. (Ṣ.) And جاب الثَّوْبَ He cut the garment, or piece of cloth; [or cut it out;] as alsoاجتابهُ↓. (A.) And جاب النَّعْلَ, inf. n. جَوْبٌ, He cut out the sandal. (TA.) And جاب القَرْنُ [i. e. جاب اللَّحْمَ] The horn cut the flesh and came forth. (TA.)

[Hence, also,] جاب, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, TA,) aor. يَجُوبُ (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA) and يَجِيبُ, (Ṣ, TA,) inf. n. جَوْبٌ; (TA;) andاجتاب↓; (Ṣ, A, TA;) ‡ He traversed, or crossed, (Ṣ, A,* Mṣb, TA,) or cut through by journeying, (TA,) a country, (Ṣ, TA,) or a land, (Mṣb,) and a desert, and the darkness: (A,* TA:) and جَوْبٌ signifies likewise the pouncing down of a bird. (TA.) A rájiz says,

* بَاتَتْ تَجِيبُ أَدْعَجَ الظَّلَامِ *

* جِيبَ البِيَطْرِ مِدْرَعَ الهُمَامِ *

† [She passed the night cutting through the black darkness, like as the tailor cuts through the woollen tunic of the valiant chief, making the opening at the neck and bosom]: (Ṣ: [but in one copy, instead of جِيبَ, I here find جَيْبَ; and in art. بطر, شَقَّ:]) and Sh remarks that this [verb تجيب, or the inf. n. جيب,] is not from الجَيْبُ [meaning “the opening at the neck and bosom” of a shirt, &c.], because its medial radical is و, and that of الجيب is ى: (TA:) [i. e., جاب, aor. يجيب, is originally جَوَبَ, aor. يَجْوِبُ.] One says also, of news, يَجُوبُ الأَرْضَ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ † [It traverses the earth from country to country, or the land from town to town]. (Ṣ, TA.) And of proverbs, تَجُوبُ البِلَادَ † They are current in the countries, or towns. (TA.)

It is said in a trad., جِيبَتِ العَرَبُ عَنَّا كَمَا جِيبَتِ الرَّحَا عَنْ قُطْبِهَا † The Arabs were rent from us, like as the mill-stone is rent from its pivot; we being in the midst, and they around us. (TA.)

جَابَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ: see أَجْوَبُ.

جوّب: see 1.

Also, said of the light of the moon, † It illumined, and rendered clear, [by penetrating,] a dark night. (TA.)

جوّب عَلَيْهِ [from جَوْبٌ “a shield”] He shielded him. (TA: so accord. to an explanation of the act. part. n.)

[جاوبهُ, inf. n. مُجَاوَبَةٌ, He returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, with him; bandied words with him.] See 6, in two places.

اجابهُ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, TA,) inf. n. إِجَابَةٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,* TA) and إِجَابٌ (Ḳ,* TA) andجَابَةٌ↓, (Kr, TA,) or this last is a simple subst., (AHeyth, Ṣ, TA,) like طَاعَةٌ and طَاقَةٌ, (Ṣ, A,) used in the place of an inf. n.; (AHeyth, TA;) andاستجابهُ↓ (A, Ḳ, TA) andاِسْتَجُوَبَهُ↓ andاِستجاب↓ لَهُ; (Ḳ, TA;) [for] إِجَابَةٌ andاِسْتِجَابَةٌ↓ are syn.; (Ṣ, TA;) He answered him, replied to him, responded to him, (Mṣb, TA,) either affirmatively or negatively. (Mṣb.) And اجاب قَوْلَهُ He answered, or replied to, his saying. (Mṣb.) And اجاب عَنْ سُؤَالِهِ (Ṣ, TA) He answered, or replied to, his question. (TA.) And اجاب دُعَآءَهُ, (Mṣb, TA,*) andاستجاب↓ دُعَآءَهُ, (Ṣ, A, TA,) andاستجاب↓ لَهُ, (Mṣb,) andاستجاب↓ مِنْهُ, (Ḥar p. 307,) said of God, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, TA,) [He answered his prayer;;] He accepted his prayer; (Mṣb;) He recompensed his prayer by gift and acceptance. (TA.) It is said in the Ḳur [ii. 182],أُجِيبُ دَعْوةَ الدَّاعِى إِذَا دَعَانِ فَلْيَسْتَجِيبُوا↓ لِى [I answer the prayer of him who prayeth to me;] therefore let them answer me; (TA;) i. e., let them answer my call by obedience, (Jel,) when I call them to belief and obedience: (Bḍ:) accord. to Fr, what is here meant [by the last verb] is تَلْبِيَة [q. v. in art. لبى]: (TA:) [or let them give me their assent, or consent, to my call; or let them obey my call: for you say, اجابهُ إِلَى شَىْءٍ and عَلَى شَىْءٍ, (for the latter of which there is authority in this art. in the TA, but the former is more common,) and] استجاب↓ له, He obeyed him, or complied with his desire, in doing a thing, [or consented to do it,] when summoned, or invited, to do it. (Mṣb.)

اجابت الأَرْضُ † The land produced plants, or herbage. (Ḥam p. 94.)

دَمْعٌ يُجِيبُ † Tears running, or flowing; as though called for and answering the call. (Ḥar p. 71.)

The forms أَجْوَبَ and أَجْوِبْ [as verbs of wonder] are not used: therefore you say, مَا أَجْوَدَ جَوَابَهُ and أَجْوِدْ بِجَوَابِهِ [How good is his answer, or reply!]; not مَا أَجْوَبَهُ nor أَجْوِبْ بِهِ: nor do you say, هُوَ أَجْوَبُ مِنْكَ [meaning He is better in answering, or replying, than thou: but see أَجْوَبُ, below]. (Sb, TA.)

تجاوبوا i. q.جَاوَبَ↓ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا [They returned one another answer for answer, or answers for answers; they answered one another; replied, one to another; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, together; bandied words, one with another]: (Ḳ:) مُجَاوَبَةٌ↓ and تَجَاوُبٌ both signify i. q. تَحَاوُرٌ. (Ṣ, TA.) In like manner one says of turtle-doves, (A,) of pigeons, of braying camels, and of neighing horses. (TA.)

[Hence,] يَتَجَاوَبُ أَوَّلُ كَلَامِهِ وَآخِرُهُ ‡ The first and the last parts of his speech correspond, or are consistent. (A, TA.)

انجاب [It (a garment) became rent, or slit: see مُنْجَابٌ].

Said of a cloud, or a collection of clouds, It cleared away [so as to leave an open space]. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) It is said in a trad., وَٱنْجَابَ السَّحَابُ عَنِ المَدِينَةِ حَتَّى صَارَكَالإِ كْلِيلِ And the clouds became gathered and drawn together, and cleared away from the city [so that they became like a crown]. (TA.)

[It (a place) was, or became, clear, open, or unobstructed.] See جَوْبَةٌ

انجابت She (a camel) stretched forth her neck, to be milked; (Ḳ;) as though she complied with the desire of her milker to be restrained [for that purpose]: but Fr says that he had not found a verb of this measure from أَجَابَ. (TA.)

اجتاب: see 1, in three places.

He dug a well. (Ḳ.) And اجتابت, said of a wild cow, She hollowed out, or excavated, a place to shelter herself from the rain. (TA.)

He put on, i. e. clad himself with, (T, Ṣ, Ḳ,) a garment, (T,) or a shirt; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) he entered into a shirt: and in like manner, † the darkness. (TA.)

جَوْبٌ [an inf. n. (of 1, q. v.,) used in the sense of a pass. part. n. Hence,] a tribe is said to be جَوْبُ أَبٍ as meaning Cut [as it were] from one father; [sprung from the loins of one father;] occurring in a trad. (TA.)

A fire-place; [so called because hollowed out;] syn. كَانُونٌ. (Ḳ.)

A large دَلْو [or bucket; because of its hollow form]. (Kr, Ḳ.)

A shield; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoجَوْبَةٌ↓ (TA) andمِجْوَبٌ↓: (Ḳ:) [see a verse cited voce يَلَبٌ:] pl. of the first أَجْوَابٌ. (TA.)

A garment like the بَقِيرَة: [so called because it has a slit in the middle, through which the head is put:] (Ṣ:) or a woman's shift. (Ḳ.)

See also جَوْبَةٌ

[A kind, or sort.] You say, فُلَانٌ فِيهِ جَوْبَانِ مِنْ خُلُقٍ [In such a one are two kinds of temper, or disposition]; i. e., he does not remain in one temper, or disposition. (TA.) And Dhu-Rummeh says,

* جَوْبَيْنِ مِنْ هَمَاهِمِ الأَغْوَالِ *

meaning Thou hearest two kinds of the sounds, or voices, [or mutterings,] of the ghools. (TA.)

جَيْبٌ meaning The [part called] طَوْق of a shirt, (see art. جيب,) is, accord. to some, from the root جوب, because the middle of it is cut out: accord. to others, from the root جيب. (TA.)

جَابَةٌ is an inf. n. of أَجَابَ, (Kr, TA,) or a simple subst. (AHeyth, Ṣ, TA) used in the place of an inf. n. (AHeyth, TA. See 4.) Hence, أَسَآءَ سَمْعًا فَأَسَآءَ جَابَةً [He heard ill, and therefore answered ill]: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) a prov., and therefore not to be rehearsed otherwise than in the original way, as above: [not to be altered by the substitution of إِجَابَةٌ or إِجَابًا for جَابَةً:] its origin is said to have been this: Sahl [or Suheyl] Ibn-ʼAmr had an insane son; and a man said to him, أَيْنَ أَمُّكَ, i. e. “Whither is thy tending?” to which he (thinking that he said, أَيْنَ أُمُّكَ [“Where is thy mother!”],) answered, “She is gone to buy flour:” whereupon his father uttered the words of this prov. (TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 603.]) See also جَوَابٌ

جَابَةُ المِدْرَى is a dial. var. of جَأْبَةُ المدرى: (Ḳ: [see art. جأب:]) accord. to AO and Sh, it is without ء: accord. to the former, it means A doe-gazelle when her horn has come forth; and accord. to the latter, when her horn has cut the skin and come forth: (T, TA:) or it means having smooth horns; and if so, it has no [known] derivation. (TA.) [See also art. درى.]

جَوْبَةٌ A depressed place amid the houses of a people, into which the rain-water flows: (TA:) a pit, an excavation, or a hollow, (T, Ḳ, TA,) round and wide: (T, TA:) a gap, or an opening, in the clouds; and in mountains: and a clear space (مَوْضِعٌ يَنْجَابُ↓) in a [stony tract such as is called] حَرَّة: (Ṣ:) a place (AḤn, Ḳ) that is clear, (AḤn,) plain and smooth, (AḤn, Ḳ,) such as is termed دَارَةٌ, with few trees, like a round غَائط [or wide and depressed tract], (AḤn,) in a tract that is hard, or hard and level, or level but rough, (AḤn, Ḳ,) and such as is of large extent, not in sands nor in a mountain; so called because [for the most part] clear of trees: (AḤn:) and an intervening space between houses; (Ḳ;) as alsoجَوْبٌ↓: (TA:) and a wide, or spacious, and smooth tract, between two lands: (Ḳ:) any wide gap, or opening: any gap, or opening, without buildings: (TA:) pl. جُوَبٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and جَوْبَاتٌ (TA.)

The former of these pls. also signifies The pudenda of women; syn. فُرُوجٌ. (TA.)

See also جَوْبٌ

جِيبَةٌ i. q. جَوَابٌ, q. v. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) So in the phrase, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الجِيَبةِ [Verily he is good in respect of answer or reply or response: or here it seems rather to signify, agreeably with analogy, the mode, or manner, of answering or replying or responding]. (Ṣ.)

جَوَابٌ An answer, a reply, or a response, (Mṣb, TA,*) to a letter, or writing, and to a saying, or question; and this is either affirmative or negative: (Mṣb:) [accord. to some, it is only after a question or demand; but this is not correct; for it is often a reply to an affirmation:] جِيبَةٌ↓ [q. v.] is syn. therewith; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and so are جَابَةٌ↓ [q. v.] andمَجُوبَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) the pl. of جواب is أَجْوِبَةٌ and جَوَابَاتٌ (Mṣb.) [Hence, in grammar, حَرْفُ جَوَابٍ A responsive, or replicative, particle. And جَوَابُ شَرْطٍ An apodosis; the complement, or correlative, of a condition; as أَكْرَمْتُكَ in the saying, إِنْ جِئْتَنِى أَكْرَمْتُكَ; also called جَزَآءُ شَرْطٍ, and جَوَابُ جَزَآءٍ. And جَوَابُ قَسَمٍ The complement of an oath.]

Also The sound of a bird pouncing down from the sky. (TA from a trad.)

جَوَّابٌ [An excellent well-digger:] a surname given to Málik Ibn-Kaab El-Kilábee, (AO, ISk, Ṣ, Ḳ,*) because he dug not a well nor bored a rock without making it to yield water. (AO, ISk, Ṣ.)

† A traverser of countries; one who travels much. (TA.) Hence, جَوَّابُ لَيْلٍ سَرْمَدٍ † One who travels all the night without sleeping. (TA.) And جَوَّابٌ جَأّبٌ † One who traverses the countries and gains wealth. (TA.) And جَوَّابُ الفَلَاةِ † The guide of the desert. (TA.)

الجَائِبُ العَيْنِ The lion. (Ḳ.)

جَائِبَةُ خَبَرٍ ‡ News that traverses the earth, from country to country, or town to town: (Ṣ, A:*) or i. q. طَرِيقَة خَارِقَة [app. a mistranscription for طِرِيفَة خارقة, meaning recent news that traverses the land]. (Ḳ.) And [the pl.] جَوَائِبُ † Tidings from afar. (Ḳ.) And جَوَائِبُ الأَمْثَالِ † Current proverbs; such as traverse the countries. (TA.)

أَجْوَبُ, [see 4,] in the following question, put to Moḥammad, (TA,) أَىُّ اللَّيْلِ أَجْوَبُ دَعْوَةً is either from جُبْتُ الأَرْضَ (Ḳ, TA) “I traversed the land,” (TA,) and signifies ‡ More, or most, penetrating to the places whence the answer is imagined to proceed; (Ḳ, TA;) or [it signifies more, or most, quick in being answered,] fromجَابَتِ↓ الدَّعْوَةُ, of the measure فَعُلَت, [i. e., originally جَوُبَت,] “the prayer became answered,” which, however, is a verb not in use, like as فَقِيرٌ and شَدِيدٌ are imagined to be derived from فَقُرَ and شَدُدَ: (Z, TA:) or it signifies more, or most, quick of answer, [from أَجَابَ,] and is [anomalous, and] similar to أَطْوَعُ [“more obedient”], from الطَّاعَةُ, [i. e. from أَطَاعَ “he obeyed,”] (M, L, TA,) and to أَعْطَى [“more, or most, excellent in giving,” from أَعْطَى “he gave”], and لَوَاقِحَ [pl. of لَاقِحَةٌ a “fecundating” wind, (in the Ḳur xv. 22,) from أَلْقَحَ “he, or it, fecundated”], (M, L, Ḳ, TA,) and the like; (M, L, TA;) and if so, the word is anomalous because a word of the measure أَفْعَلُ of this kind is not derived from a verb of more than three letters, except in certain cases of deviation from the constant course of speech: (L, TA:) the meaning is, ‡ What part of the night is that [in which prayer most quickly penetrates? or] in which prayer is most quick in being answered? (Mgh:) or what part of the night is that in which God is most quick in answering prayer? (L, TA.)

مَجُوبُ [pass. part. n. of 1, q. v.:] Anything cut in the middle, or of which the middle is cut out; as alsoمُجَوَّبٌ↓; (T, TA;) and the latter, anything hollowed out in the middle. (TA.)

مِجْوَبٌ An iron instrument with which one cuts [or perforates or hollows out]. (Ṣ, TA.)

See also جَوْبٌ

المُجِيبُ one of the names of God; The Answerer of prayer; He who recompenses prayer and petition by gift and acceptance. (TA.)

مُجَوَّبٌ: see مَجُوبٌ

[Hence,] أَرْضٌ مُجَوَّبَةٌ † A land of which one part has been rained upon (Ḳ, TA) and not another. (TA.)

مِجْوَابٌ An instrument with which palm-sticks and canes, &c. are bored by the maker of cages or crates or the like. (TA in art. ثطب.)

مُتَجَاوِبٌ ‡ Speech, or language, of which the several parts correspond, or are consistent. (A, TA.)

مُنْجَابٌ A garment rent, or slit. (Ḥam p. 338.)