Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَعَتِ المَاشِيَةُ, aor. تَرْعَى, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. رَعْىٌ (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ) and رِعَايَةٌ (Ḳ) and مَرْعًى; (Ṣ,* Ḳ,* JM;) andارتعت↓, andترعّت↓; (Ḳ;) The cattle [pastured, or] pastured by themselves. (Mṣb.) And رَعَتِ المَاشِيَةُ الكَلَأَ, inf. n. رَعْىٌ (Mgh, TA) and رِعَايَةٌ [and مَرْعًى]; andارتعت↓, andترعّت↓; [The cattle pastured upon, or depastured, the herbage;] all signifying the same: (TA:) and of a camel you say, رَعَى الكَلَأَ بِنَفْسِهِ, inf. n. رَعْىٌ [&c., He pastured upon, or depastured, the herbage by himself]; and in like manner ارتعى↓. (Ṣ.)

The saying of ʼÁïsheh فَإِنْ كَانَتْ تَرْعَى مَا هُنَالِكَ is an allusion to the feeling, or touching, of the فَرْج itself. (Mgh.)

رَعْىٌ also signifies The keeping, or tending, animals; pasturing, or feeding, them; and defending them from the enemy. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, رَعَيْتُ الإِبِلَ, (Ṣ,) or المَاشِيَةَ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) or الغَنَمَ, (MA,) aor. أَرْعَاهَا, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) inf. n. رَعْىٌ (Ṣ, MA) [and رِعَايَةٌ, as appears from a phrase mentioned below,] and رِعْيَةٌ, (MA,) or this last is a simple subst. from this verb, (Ḳ,) I [kept, or tended, or] pastured, (MA, Mṣb,) or lead to pasture, (MA,) the camels, (Ṣ,) or the cattle, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) or the sheep or goats; (MA;) andارعاها↓ signifies the same as رَعَاهَا. (Ḳ.) And صِنَاعَتُهُ رِعَايَةُ الإِبِلِ [His habitual work, or occupation, is the tending, or pasturing, of camels]. (ISd, Ḳ.) And فُلَانٌ يَرْعَى أَبِيهِ [Such a one tends, or pastures, for his father;] i. e. يَرْعَى غَنَمَهُ [tends, or pastures, his father's sheep or goats]. (Ṣ.)

And hence, as also رِعَايَةٌ, The keeping or guarding [a person or thing]; being mindful or regardful [of him or it]; and managing or ruling or governing [him or it]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, رَعَيْتُهُ I kept, or guarded, him, as a ruler or governor, or a prince or commander, who manages, conducts, orders, or regulates, the affairs of the people: (Mṣb:) and رَعَى الأَمِيرُ رَعِيَّتَهُ [The prince ruled, or governed, his subjects], inf. n. رِعَايَةٌ. (Ṣ.) And رَعْيًا لَكَ [I beg God's keeping, or guarding, for thee]; meaning رَعَاكَ ٱللّٰهُ May God keep thee, or guard thee. (Ḥar p. 617.) And رَعَى أَمْرَهُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. رَعْىٌ (TA) [and رِعَايَةٌ], He was mindful, or regardful, of his affair, or case; as alsoراعى↓ امره, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. مُرَاعَاةٌ. (TA.) And رِعَآءٌ [app. as an inf. n. of راعى↓] signifies The guarding of palm-trees. (TA.) فَمَا رَعَوْهَا حَقَّ رِعَايَتِهَا, in the Ḳur [lvii. 27], means But they did not observe it with its right, or due, observance; were not mindful, watchful, observant, or regardful, of it, in the right, or due, manner of being so. (TA.) You say also, رَعَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ حُرْمَتَهُ, inf. n. رِعَايَةٌ, (ISk, Ṣ,) i. e. 1 was mindful, regardful, or observant, of his حرمة [meaning of what was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in his character and appertenances]: and in like manner,مُرَاعَاةٌ↓ الحُقُوقِ, mentioned in the Ṣ, means The being mindful, regardful, or observant, of rights, or dues. (PṢ.) This last phrase is from رَاعَيْتُهُ↓, inf. n. مُرَاعَاةٌ, (TA,) which means I regarded him; had regard, or an eye, to him; or paid regard, or consideration, to him; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA;) acting, or behaving, well to him; doing good to him; or conferring a benefit, or benefits, upon him. (Ḳ, TA.) [Hence also,رُوعِىَ↓ فِيهِ كَذَا Regard is had, in it, (the meaning of a word or phrase,) to such a thing, as alluded to therein.] Andرَاعَيْتُ↓ الأَمْرَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُرَاعَاةٌ, (TA,) signifies also I looked to see what would be the issue, or result, of the affair, or case. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.) Hence, accord. to Er-Rághib,مُرَاعَاةُ↓ النُّجُومِ: (TA:) you say, رَعَى النُّجُومَ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) andرَاعَاهَا↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. مُرَاعَاةٌ; (TA;) He watched the stars, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) waiting for the time when they would disappear. (Ḳ, TA.) El-Khansà says,

*أَرْعَى النُّجومَ وَمَا كُلِّفْتُ رِعْيَتَهَا↓ *

* وَتَارَةً أَتَغَشَّى فَضْلَ أَطْمَارِى *

[I watch, or I watching, the stars, waiting for the time when they will, or would, disappear, though I am not, or I was not, tasked with the watching of them; and at one time I cover myself, or covering myself, with the redundant parts of my old and worn-out garments]. (Ṣ.)

رِعَايَةٌ also signifies The being faithful to an engagement, or promise; syn. وَفَآءٌ. (Mgh. [See رَاعٍ, below; last sentence.])

رعّاهُ, inf. n. تَرْعِيَةٌ, He said [of him], رَعَاهُ ٱللّٰهُ [May God keep him, or guard him: or he said to him, رَعَاكَ ٱللّٰهُ May God keep thee, or guard thee]. (TA.)

راعى الحِمَارُ الحُمُرَ The ass pastured with the [other] asses: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and in like manner one says of camels with wild animals. (TA.)

راعت الأَرْضُ, a reading required by the context in the Ḳ, is wrong; the correct phrase being ارعت الأَرْضُ [q. v.]. (TA.)

See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in eight places.

المُرَاعَاةُ is also syn. with المُنَاظَرَةُ [app. as meaning The looking towards, or facing, a person or thing: a signification nearly like the last referred to in the sentence here immediately preceding]. (TA.)

See also 4, in three places.

وَرِّعِ اللِّصَّ وَلَا تُرَاعِهِ, in a trad. of ʼOmar, means Restrain thou the thief, or make him to refrain, from taking thy goods, but bear not witness against him: so says Lth: or the meaning is, and do not wait for him. (TA.)

ارعى المَاشِيَةَ i. q. رَعَاهَا: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. Said of God, it means He caused to grow, for the cattle, that upon which they might pasture. (Ṣ.) One says also ارعت الأَرْضُ, [as though المَاشِيَةَ or the like were understood] The land abounded [as though it fed abundantly] with herbage: (Zj, Ḳ:) راعت الأَرْضُ, in this sense [as stated above, see 3,] is wrong. (TA.) And ارعاهُ المَكَانَ He made the place to be a pasturage for him. (ISd, Ḳ.)

أَرعَيْتُهُ سَمْعِى means I made my ear, or ears, to be mindful of his speech: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or I gave ear, hearkened, or listened, to him. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) You say, أَرْعِنِى سَمْعَكَ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) andرَاعِنِى↓, i. e. Hearken thou, or listen thou, to my speech. (Ḳ.) Henceرَاعِنَا↓ in the Ḳur [ii. 98 and iv. 48]: Akh says that it is of the form فَاعِلْنَا from المُرَاعَاةُ, and means أَرْعِنَا سَمْعَكَ; the ى having gone away because it is an imperative: he says also that it is read رَاعِنًا, as an objective complement, from الرُّعُونَةُ: (Ṣ: [see art. رعن:]) the reading in Ibn-Mesʼood's copy of the Ḳur-án is رَاعُونَا. (TA.) You say also, هُوَ لَا يُرْعِى إِلَى قَوْلِ أَحَدٍ He will not pay any regard, or attention, to the saying of any one. (TA.)

And أَرْعَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ I showed mercy to him [by sparing him, or letting him live, or by pardoning him, or otherwise]; had mercy on him; pitied, or compassionated, him; syn. أَبْقَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ and تَرَحَّمْتُهُ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) Aboo-Dahbal says,

* إِنْ كَانَ هٰذَا السِّحْرُ مِنْكِ فَلَا *

* تُرْعِى عَلَىَّ وَجَدِّدِى سِحْرَا *

[app. meaning If this enchantment be from thee, then spare me not, but renew enchantment]. (TA. [It seems to be there cited as an instance of the verb's having a second objective complement; (for which I see no reason;) following the assertion that one says, أَرْعَى عَلَيْهِ كَذَا, signifying ابقى; and that the verb is made trans. by means of على as properly meaning ارعاه متطلعا عليه: but I doubt not that the correct reading is أَرْعَاهُ مُطَّلِعًا عَلَيْهِ, i. e. He showed mercy to him, coming to him, or getting sight and knowledge of him.]) المُرَاعَآةُ↓, also, [or المُرَاعَاةُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ,] signifies الإِبْقَآءُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ. (TA.)

استرعى [app. signifies He desired cattle to pasture: and hence, he left them to pasture alone]. You say, اِسْتَرْعَيْتُ مَالِىَ القَمَرَ, meaning I left my cattle to pasture without a pastor to take care of them in the night: and [in like manner,] استرعيتهُ الشَّمْسَ, in the day. (TA in art. قمر.)

اِسْتَرْعَيْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ (Ṣ, Ḳ *) I asked him, or desired him, to keep or guard, or be mindful of or regardful of, the thing. (Ḳ,* TA.) Hence the prov., مَنِ ٱسْتَرْعَى الذِّئْبَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ [He who asks, or desires, the wolf to keep guard does wrong]; (Ṣ, TA;) i. e. he who trusts in one who is treacherous puts trust in a wrong place. (TA.) [And hence also,] اِسْتَرْعَى الأَسْمَاعَ لِخُطْبَتِهِ He asked, or desired, the ears [meaning the hearers] to mind his discourse, or oration. (Ḥar p. 361.)

رِعْىٌ andمَرْعًى↓ Pasture, or herbage; (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;) the food of beasts: (Mṣb:) pl. of the former أَرْعَآءٌ [meaning kinds, or sorts, of pasture or herbage]: (Ḳ:) and of↓ the latter مَرَاعٍ. (Mṣb.) It is said in a prov.,مَرْعًى↓ وَلَا كَالسَّعْدَانِ [Pasture, but not like the سعدان: see art. سعد]. (Ṣ.)

رِعْىُ الحَمَامِ وَالإِبِلِ A certain herb, having berries like myrtle-berries, in which is the least degree of sweetness; not injurious to the camels that feed upon it, but poison to [venomous or noxious reptiles or the like, such as are termed] هَوَامّ: the decoction thereof blackens the hair. (Ibn-Seenà, book ii. p. 252.)

رِعْيَةٌ a subst. from 1 in the first of the senses mentioned in this art.; i. e. [The act of cattle's pasturing, or their pasturing alone,] from رَعَتِ المَاشِيَةُ. (Ḳ.)

[Also The act, or occupation, of keeping or tending, or of pasturing or feeding, animals.] You say [of a man], يُجِيدُ رِعْيَةَ الإِبِلِ [He performs well the act of keeping or tending, or of pasturing or feeding, camels]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

[And The act of watching, and waiting for the time of the disappearance, of the stars.] See a verse cited near the end of the first paragraph.

Also Land in which are projecting stones that impede the plough. (Ḳ, TA.)

رَعْوَى and رُعْوَى: see the next paragraph.

[Both seem to be also substs. from أَرْعَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ; and thus to be syn. with بَقْوَى and بُقْوَى; and in like manner,رُعْيَا↓ is probably syn. with بُقْيَا: the radical ى being changed into و as it is in بقوى.] You say, مَا لِى عَلَيْهِ رَعْوَى وَلَا بَقْوَى [I have no mercy nor pity to bestow upon him]. (JK in art. بقى. [See بُقْيَا.]) See also 1 in art. رعو [from which رَعْوَى in this phrase may also with reason be regarded as derivable].

رُعْيَا a subst. from رَعَى as used in the phrase رَعَى أَمْرَهُ [expl. in the first paragraph; thus signifying Mindfulness, regardfulness, or observance, of an affair, or a case]; as alsoرَعْوَى↓ andرُعْوَى↓. (Ḳ.)

See also the next preceding paragraph. And see art. رعو.

[رَعِىٌّ Pastured: ruled, or governed: and kept, or guarded: so accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL; but not in my copy of that work. It is agreeable with analogy as syn. with مَرْعِىٌّ: and from it is formed the subst. next following.]

رَعِيَّةٌ [with ة affixed لِلنَّقْلِ, i. e., to transfer the word from the category of epithets to that of substantives,] Cattle pasturing, or pasturing by themselves: and cattle kept, tended, or pastured: (Ḳ, TA:) pl. رَعَايَا: (TA:) this latter (the pl.) signifies cattle kept, tended, or pastured, for any one; (Ḳ, TA;) for the subjects and for the Sultán; (TA;) as alsoرَعَاوِيَّةٌ↓: (Ḳ, TA: in some copies of the Ḳ رَعَاوِيَة, without teshdeed:) andأَرْعَاوِيَّةٌ↓ signifies cattle kept, tended, or pastured, for the Sultán, (Ḳ, TA,) especially, and upon which are his brands and marks. (TA.) Hence the trad., كُلُّ رَاعٍ مَسْؤُولٌ عِنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ [Every pastor shall be questioned respecting his pastured cattle: or every ruler shall be questioned respecting his subjects; agreeably with what follows]. (TA.)

The people ruled or governed; the subjects of a ruler or governor: (Mṣb, Ḳ:) the community; the people in common or in general; or the common people: (Ṣ:) [any persons or person, and things or thing, in the keeping, or under the guardianship or rule or government, of a man or woman:] see رَاعٍ, in the latter half of the paragraph: pl. as above. (TA.)

رَعَاوَى and رُعَاوَى Camels that pasture around the people and their dwellings (Ṣ, Ḳ) because they are those upon which they work [or perform their business]: (Ṣ:) but in the Tekmileh it is written رُعَاوِيَّةٌ↓, as meaning cattle that pasture around the dwellings of the people. (TA.)

رَاعٍ [act. part. n. of 1]. You say مَاشِيَةٌ رَاعِيَةٌ Cattle [pasturing, or] pasturing by themselves: (Mṣb:) pl. رَوَاعِى [a mistranscription for رَوَاعٍ]. (TA.)

رَاعِى البُسْتَانِ andرَاعِيَةُ↓ الأُتُنِ are names of Two species of جَنَادِب [or locusts]; (Ḳ;) the latter mentioned by ISd: Ṣgh says that the former is a large جُنْدَب: and the latter is another species, that does not fly. (TA.)

رَاعٍ also signifies A keeper, or guarder, (TA,) or pastor, (Mṣb,) of cattle: (Mṣb, TA:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant: (TA:) pl. رُعَاةٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA,) but this is said to be mostly used as pl. of رَاعٍ in another sense as will be shown below, (TA,) and رِعَآءٌ [and app. رُعَآءٌ (mentioned below)] and رُعْيَانٌ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA;) and رُعَاةٌ has a pl., namely, رُعًى. (TA.)

[Hence,] الرَّاعِى is the name of The star [a] that is upon the head of الحَوَّآء [i. e. Ophiuchus]: that which is upon the head of الحاوى [a mistranscription in my MṢ. for الجَاثِى, i. e. Hercules, the star a,] being called كَلْبُ الرَّاعِى. (Ḳzw.) Also The star [γ] that is upon the left leg of Cepheus: between whose legs is a star [app. κ] that is called كَلْبُ الرَّاعِى: (Ḳzw:) [from their longitudes it seems that these two stars are the same as are meant by what here follows:] الكَلْبُ [or كَلْبُ الرَّاعِى] is a certain star over against الدَّلْو [or Aquarius, which latter is] below; in the path of which is a red [or perhaps another (آخَر instead of أَحْمَر)] star, called الرَّاعِى. (TA in art. كلب.) [And accord. to Freytag, رَاعِى الجَوْزَآءِ is the name of A star otherwise called the Foot of Orion: and رَاعِى النَّعَائِمِ, the name of The star λ in Sagittarius: see Ideler's “Untersuch. über den Ursprung etc. der Sternnamen,” to which he refers, pp. 213, 226, for the former; and p. 187 for the latter.]

[And hence,] رَاعٍ signifies also A ruler, or governor, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or prince, or commander, (Mṣb,) who manages, conducts, orders, or regulates, the affairs of a people: (Mṣb, Ḳ:) and a ruler, or governor, of himself: (TA:) pl. رُعَاةٌ and رُعْيَانٌ, (Ḳ,) but it is said that the former is mostly used as meaning rulers, or governors, and the latter as pl. of رَاعٍ in relation to sheep or goats [or the like], (TA,) and رِعَآءٌ and رُعَآءٌ. (Ḳ.) It is said in a trad.,كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْؤُولٌ عِنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ↓ [Every one of you is a ruler, or governor, and every one of you shall be questioned respecting those, or that, of which he is ruler or governor]: such is the man in respect of his family, and in respect of the property of his father; and the servant in respect of the property of his master; and the wife is a رَاعِيَة in respect of the house, or tent, of her husband: and every one of these shall be questioned respecting his, or her, رَعِيَّة. (El-Jámi' eṣ-Ṣagheer of Es-Suyootee.) And one says,لَيْسَ المَرْعِىُّ↓ كَالرَّاعِى [The ruled, or governed, is not like the ruler, or governor]. (Ṣ.)

In the saying of El-Karkhee, بَاعَ طَيْرًا عَلَى أَنَّهُ رَاعٍ, relating to [carrier-] pigeons, it is from الرِّعَايَةُ signifying الوَفَآءُ; [the saying meaning He sold birds on the condition of their being such as would be faithful to their charge;] for pigeons in El-'Irák and Syria are bought for high prices, and sent from distant points with letters of informations, and convey them, and bring back replies to them. (Mgh, JM.)

رَاعِيَةٌ [fem. of رَاعٍ.]

[Also a subst. formed from the latter word by the affix ة; like رَعِيَّةٌ from رَعِىٌّ]: see راعٍ, third sentence.

الرَّاعِيَةُ is the name of A certain bird: (TA:) [and] so is رَاعِيَةُ الخَيْلِ; (TA, and thus in some copies of the Ḳ;) thus correctly written, as in the Tekmileh; in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, راعية الجبل; [perhaps the same as the former bird;] a yellow bird, that is found beneath the bellies of horses or similar beasts; thus in the Tekmileh; said by ISh to be a small bird like the sparrow, that alights beneath the bellies of the horses and other beasts, yellow, as though its neck and wings were tinged with saffron, its back having upon it a dinginess, or duskiness, and blackness, its head being yellow, and its زِمِكَّى [or tail] being neither long nor short; accord. to Ṣgh, also calledرعاءة↓ الخيل. (TA [thus written without any syll. signs: if applying to the species in the manner of a coll. gen. n., perhaps a mistranscription for رُعَاةُ الخَيْلِ].)

رَاعِيَةُ الشَّيْبِ, and رَوَاعِى الشَّيْبِ, ‡ The commencement of hoariness, (Ḳ, TA,) and the first marks thereof. (TA.)

[أَرْعَى app. More, and most, merciful or compassionate; from أَرْعَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ, though by rule it should be formed from an unaugmented verb accord. to many of the grammarians:]

[and hence, being nearly syn. with أَرْفَقُ in the primary sense, syn. with this latter, or nearly so, in a secondary sense]. You say, أَمْرُ كَذَا أَرْفَقُ بِى وَأَرْعَى عَلَىَّ [app. meaning † This affair is more, or most, easy and convenient to me]. (TA.)

أُرْعُوَّةٌ The yoke that is placed upon the necks of the two bulls employed in ploughing; (AA, Ṣgh, Ḳ, TA;) of the dial. of Azd-Shanoo-ah. (TA.)

تِرْعِيَّةٌ and تُرْعِيَّةٌ (Fr, Ṣ, ISd, Ḳ) and تَرْعِيَّةٌ, (ISd, Ḳ,) and sometimes without teshdeed, (Ḳ,) the first without teshdeed mentioned by Ṣgh on the authority of Fr, (TA,) andتِرْعَايَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andتُرْعَايَةٌ↓ (Ṣgh as from Fr) andتُرَاعِيَةٌ↓ (Ṣgh, Ḳ) andتِرَاعِيَةٌ↓ andتِرْعِىٌّ↓ (Ḳ) A man who performs well the act of keeping or tending, or of pasturing or feeding, camels: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or whose habitual work, or occupation, or the habitual work, or occupation, of whose fathers, is, or has been, the tending, or pasturing, of camels: (ISd, Ḳ:) or who is a good seeker after herbage for the cattle. (ISd, TA.)

مَرْعًى an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And A pasturage, or place of pasture; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoمَرْعَاةٌ↓: (Ṣgh, Ḳ:) pl. مَرَاعٍ. (TA.) [Hence,]لَا تَدَعَنَّ فَتَاةً وَلَا مَرْعَاةً↓ فَإِنَّ لِكُلٍّ بُغَاةٌ [Do not thou leave uncared for a young woman nor a pasturage, for there are persons that seek, or endeavour, to find and get each]: a prov. enjoining the availing oneself of an opportunity, and the setting about an affair with prudence, discretion, precaution, or sound judgment. (Meyd.)

See also رِعْىٌ, in three places.

مَرْعِىٌّ [Kept, or tended; pastured, or fed: kept, guarded, or minded: and] ruled, or governed; as in an ex. above, voce رَاعٍ, last sentence but one. (TA.)