Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

زَبَرَ البِئْرَ, (A, TA,) [aor. ـُ {يَزْبُرُ}, and perhaps ـِ also,] inf. n. زَبْرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) He cased the well, or walled it internally, with stones. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)

زَبْرٌ also signifies The disposing a building, or construction, one part upon another; (Ḳ;) [as is done in casing a well;] and in this sense likewise it is an inf. n., of which the verb is زَبَرَ. (TḲ.)

And زَبَرَهُ بِالحِجَارَةِ, (TA,) inf. n. زَبْرٌ, (Ḳ,) He threw stones at him; or pelted him with stones. (Ḳ, TA.)

And [hence, perhaps, or] from زَبَرَ in the first of the senses expl. above, because him whom you restrain from error you strengthen like as a well is strengthened by its being cased, (TA,) زَبَرَهُ, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَزْبُرُ} (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ـِ {يَزْبِرُ}, (Ks, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) He chid him; or checked, restrained, or forbade, him with rough speech: (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) he prevented, hindered, or withheld, him: (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ:) he forbade, or prohibited, him: (Ḳ:) he repelled him with strength. (MF in art. هزبر.) You say, زَبَرَهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ He restrained him with rough speech, or forbade and prevented him, from doing the thing. (TA.) And زَبَرَ السَّائِلَ He chid and repelled the beggar with rough speech. (TA.)

زَبَرَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَزْبُرُ} and ـِ {يَزْبِرُ}, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, He wrote (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) a writing, or book: (A, Mṣb:) or he wrote it firmly, skilfully, or well: (TA:) and he inscribed, or engraved, upon stones: (Az, TA:) andتَزْبِرَةٌ↓, also, is syn. with كِتَابَةٌ, like زَبْرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and خَطٌّ: Aṣ says, I heard an Arab of the desert say, أَنَا أَعْرِفُ تَزْبِرَتِى, meaning خَطِّى and كِتَابَتِى [i. e. I know my writing, or handwriting]: (Ṣ:) and Fr says, It is either an inf. n. of زَبَّرَ↓, meaning he wrote, though I know not the verb with teshdeed, or it is a simple subst. like تَوْدِيَةٌ: (TA:) thus زَبَرَ is syn. with ذَبَرَ: (AʼObeyd, T and Ṣ in art. ذبر:) [and so, perhaps, is زَبَّرَ↓ with ذَبَّرَ.]

And زَبَرْتُهُ signifies also I read it, or recited it; [or did so with a low, or faint, voice;] like ذَبَرْتُهُ [q. v.]. (Aṣ, TA.)

زَبْرٌ is also syn. with كَلَامٌ [as meaning The act of speaking, or speech as a subst.]: (Ḳ:) [SM says,] thus it is found in all the copies: but [he adds] I have not found any authoritative ex. of it, so it requires consideration. (TA.) [Accord. to the TḲ, however, one says, سَأَلْتُهُ فَمَا زَبَرَ لِى بِزَبْرٍ, meaning I asked him, and he spoke not to me a speech, or sentence]

Accord. to the Ḳ, زَبْرٌ is also syn. with صَبْرٌ [meaning The being patient, or patience]: one says, مَا لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَلَاصَبْرٌ: ISd says, This is mentioned by IAạr; but in my opinion, the meaning here is عَقْلٌ. (TA. [See زَبْرٌ below.]) [Or, as syn. with صَبْرٌ, it may be an inf. n.: for, accord. to the TḲ, one says, لم يزبر عليه, meaning He did not endure it with patience (لَمْ يَصْبِرْ).]

زَبُرَ, inf. n. زَبَارَةٌ, He (a ram) was, or became, bulky. (Lth, TA.)

ازبر He (a man, TA) was, or became, large in body. (Ḳ.)

And He was, or became, courageous, brave, or strong-hearted. (Ḳ.)

أَزْبَرْتُهُ, inf. n. إِزْبَارٌ, I rendered him (a ram) bulky. (Lth, TA.)

تزبّر He (a man) quaked, or trembled, by reason of anger. (TA. [See also Q. Q. 4.])

زَأْبَرَ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) and زَوْبَرَ (Ḳ) [and app. زَيْبَرَ (see مُزَأْبِرٌ)], said of a garment, or piece of cloth, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) Its زِئْبِر [or nap] came forth; (Ṣ, Ḳ;*) it had زِئْبِر. (TA.)

Also the first, [and app. the second and third likewise,] He made a garment, or piece of cloth, to have its زِئْبِر [or nap] come forth. (Ḳ.) [This verb and other similar words with hemzeh next after the ز are mentioned in the Ḳ in a separate art. before art. زبر.]

اِزْبَأَرَّ It (fur, or soft hair, and a plant, or herbage) grew forth. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

It (hair) bristled up. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)

He (a dog [and a horse]) bristled up his hair. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) Marrár Ibn-Munkid El-Handhalee says, (Ṣ, TA,) describing a horse, (TA,)

* فَهْوَ وَرْدُ اللَّوْنِ فِى ٱزْبِئْرَارِهِ *

* وَكُمَيْتُ اللَّوْنِ مَا لَمْ يَزْبَئِرْ *

[And he is of a yellowish red colour on the occasion of his bristling up his hair, and of a dark bay colour as long as he does not bristle up his hair]. (Ṣ, TA.)

Also He (a cat) had abundance of hair. (TA.)

And He (a man) prepared for evil, or mischief: (Ḳ, TA:) or became affected by a quaking, or trembling, and a bristling-up of the hair. (TA)

زَبْرٌ Stones. (Ḳ.)

[The stone casing of the interior of a well: see جُولٌ.]

[And hence,] ‡ Understanding, intellect, or intelligence, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) and judgment, (TA,) and self-restraint: (Ṣ, A:) originally an inf. n. [accord. to some; but this is evidently a mistake, as is shown by phrases in which it is coupled with جُولٌ]. (Ṣ.) One says, مَا لَهُ زَبْرٌ ‡ He has not understanding, or intellect, or intelligence, nor self-restraint: (Ṣ, A:) or judgment: or understanding to be relied upon. (TA.) And لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَجُولٌ: andهُوَ مَزْبُورٌ↓ مَا فَوْقَ الجُولِ مِنْهُ وَصُلْبٌ مَا تَحْتَ الزَّبْرِ مِنَ الجُولِ: see جُولٌ. One says also of the wind, when it veers, or shifts, and does not continue to blow from one point, لَيْسَ لَهَا زَبْرٌ ‡ [It has not steadiness]. (TA.)

See also زِبِرٌّ.

زِبْرٌ [A thing] written; as alsoزَبِيرٌ↓: (Ḳ:) [or] a writing, or book; (Ṣ;) as alsoزَبُورٌ↓, of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) like رَسُولٌ: (Mṣb, TA:) زَبُورٌ signifying any writing or book: or any divine book with which it is difficult to become acquainted: or a book that is confined to intel-lectual science, exclusive of legal statutes or ordinances: (TA:) الزَّبُورُ↓ signifies particularly the Book [of the Psalms] of David: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ:) and also, and لُغَةُ الزَّبُورِ, the Syriac [or Hebrew] language: (Mgh:) the pl. of زِبْرٌ is زُبُورٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and the pl. ofزَبُورٌ↓ is زُبُرٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.) It is said in the Ḳur [xxi. 105],وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِى ٱلزَّبُورِ↓ مِنْ بَعْدِ ٱلذِّكْرِ, meaning And we have written in the book sent down to David, after the تَوْرَاة [or Book of the Law revealed to Moses]: (Aboo-Hureyreh, TA:) Saʼeed Ibn-Jubeyr read الزُّبُور, [pl. of الزِّبْرُ,] and said that it means the Book of the Law revealed to Moses (التوراة) and the Gospel and the Ḳur-án [together]; and that الذكر means what is in heaven: (TA:) and some also read زُبُورًا in the Ḳur iv. 161 and xvii. 57. (Ṣ, TA.)

زُبْرَةٌ A piece of iron: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or a big piece of iron: (TA:) pl. زُبَرٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and زُبُرٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) The former pl. occurs in the Ḳur xviii. 95. (Ṣ.) It is also said in the Ḳur [xxiii. 55], فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُرًا, (Ṣ, TA,) and زُبَرًا; (TA;) meaning قِطَعًا, (Ṣ, TA,) in both cases; (Fr;) [i.e., But they have become divided, in their state, among themselves, into parties:] or he who reads زُبُرًا makes it pl. ofزَبُورٌ↓, not of زُبْرَةٌ; for the measure فُعْلَةٌ does not assume the measure فُعُلٌ in the pl.; and the meaning is, they have made their religion [to be founded upon] various books: and زُبَرٌ is pl. of زُبْرَةٌ: or it may be also pl. ofزَبُورٌ↓, and originally زُبُرٌ, being changed therefrom, like as some of the Arabs are related to have said جُدَدٌ for the pl. of جَدِيدٌ, which is originally and regularly جُدُدٌ; after the same manner as when one says رُكَبَاتٌ for رُكُبَاتٌ, and غُرَفَاتٌ for غُرُفَاتٌ: and this opinion is strengthened by AA's allowing the reading زُبُرًا and زُبْرًا and زُبَرًا; زُبْرًا being a contraction of زُبُرًا, like as عُنْقٌ is of عُنُقٌ. (IB, TA.)

The anvil (Ḳ) of a blacksmith. (TA.)

The upper part of the back, next the neck; or the part between the two shoulder-blades; or the part where the neck is joined to the back-bone; syn. كَاهِلٌ: (Ḳ:) or the place of the كاهل: (Ṣ:) or a certain thing rising from the كاهل: (TA:) pl. in this sense, أَزْبَارٌ; or this is a pl. pl., as though it were pl. of زُبَرٌ, and this were pl. of زُبْرَةٌ in this sense. (TA.) One says, شَدَّ لِلْأَمْرِ زُبْرَتَهُ He strengthened his كَاهِل and his back for the affair. (TA.)

Also, hence, (Ṣ,) The accumulation, or mass, of hair which is between the shoulder-blades of the lion; (Ṣ in art. لبد;) [the mane of a lion;] the collection of hair (Lth, A, Ḳ) between the shoulderblades of the lion, &c., (Ḳ,) or upon the place of the كَاهِل [expl. above], and upon the elbows, of the lion; (Lth, A;) and any hair in a similar collected state. (Lth, TA.)

And [hence,] الزُّبْرَةُ ‡ A certain asterism; (Ḳ;) two bright stars [d and q], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) in the كَاهِل [or part of the back next the neck], (Ḳ,) or which are the كَاهِلَانِ, (Ṣ,) of Leo; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) one [namely the Eleventh] of the Mansions of the Moon: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [also called الخَرَاتَانِ: see this word: and see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:] it is of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) [This description is incorrect if applied to the constellation as at present figured; but doubtless correct when applied to it as figured by the Arabs. Ḳzw, in his description of Leo, says that they are two stars, on the belly, and on the projecting part of the haunch-bone, of Leo.]

Also The breast, or what projects of its upper part, (syn. صُدْرَةٌ,) of any beast. (TA.)

زِبِرٌّ, applied to a lion, (Ṣ, TA,) and to a man, (TA,) Strong; (AA, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoزَبْرٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

زَبِيرٌ: see زِبْرٌ.

Applied to a ram, Bulky: (Lth, TA:) or large in the زُبْرَة [q. v.]: or compact. (TA.)

Applied to a man, Strong: and also acute, sharp, or quick, in intellect; clever, ingenious, skilful, knowing, or intelligent. (TA.)

Also A calamity, or misfortune; (Fr, Ḳ;) and soزَوْبَرٌ↓, (Moḥammad Ibn-Ḥabeeb, TA,) which has been said to have this meaning in a verse of Ibn-Aḥmar cited below voce زِئْبِرٌ. (TA.)

And Black mud; or black fetid mud. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

زِئْبِرٌ (Ṣ, and Ḳ in art. زأبر, in the CK [erroneously] written زِئْبَر,) and زِئْبُرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) sometimes thus pronounced, (Ṣ,) or this, which is mentioned by IJ and ISd, is incorrect, (Ḳ,* TA,) andزُؤْبُرٌ↓ andزُوبُرٌ↓ andزَوْبَرٌ↓, (Ḳ in arts. زأبر and زبر,) as also زَغْبَرٌ or زِغْبَرٌ (as in two different copies of the Ḳ in art. زغبر) or زِغْبِرٌ (as in another copy of the Ḳ and in the O and TA in the same art.) and زَغْبُرٌ (accord. to a copy of the Ḳ in that art.) or زِغْبُرٌ, (O and TA in that art., and so accord. to one copy of the Ḳ,) [The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth;] what is upon the surface of a new garment, or piece of cloth, like what is upon the surface of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ; (Ṣ, TA;) the زِئْبِر of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ, and of a قَطِيفَة, and of any garment, or piece of cloth; (Lth, TA;) the زغبر of a garment, or piece of cloth; (AZ, TA;) or what appears of the دَرْز [q. v., here meaning nap, or villous substance,] of a garment, or piece of cloth. (IJ, Ḳ.) [Hence] one says, ذَهَبَتِ الأَيَّامُ بِطَرَاوَتِهِ وَنَفَضَتْ زِئْبِرَهُ ‡ [lit. Days took away its freshness, and shook off its nap]; meaning its age became old. (A, TA.) Andأَخَذَهُ بِزَوْبَرِهِ↓ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) andزَأْبَرِهِ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andزَبَرِهِ↓, (Ḳ,) as also زَغْبَرِهِ, (Ṣ, and Ḳ * in art. زغبر,) andزَنَوْبَرِهِ↓, incorrectly written in the Ḳ زَبَوْبَرِهِ, (TA,) † He took it altogether, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) leaving nothing of it. (Ṣ.) Ibn-Aḥmar says,

* وَإِنْ قَالَ عَاوٍ مِنْ مَعَدٍّ قَصِيدَةً *

* بِهَا جَرَبٌ عُدَّتْ عَلَىَّ بِزَوْبَرَا *

i. e. † [And if a howler of Ma'add utters an ode in which is a fault,] it is attributed to me altogether, (Ṣ,* L,) when I have not been the author of it: (L:) the last word, accord. to Aboo-ʼAlee [El-Fárisee], being imperfectly decl. because made a proper name for the قصيدة, and therefore combining the two qualities of being determinate and being of the fem. gender: so he said in answer to a question of IJ: but some say that the said word there means a calamity, or misfortune: and IB says that it is a proper name for a bitch (كلبة [if this be not a mistranscription]), of the fem. gender. (TA. [In one copy of the Ṣ, I find only the last three words of this verse: in another, it commences thus: إِذَا قَالَ غَاوٍ مِنْ تَنُوخَ: in the TA, the former reading is given, except that غَاوٍ is put in the place of عَاوٍ.]) One says also,رَجَعَ بِزَوْبَرِهِ↓ † He returned disappointed, or unsuccessful; (TA;) without having obtained anything; (Ḳ, TA;) and without having accomplished his want. (TA.)

أَزْبَرُ andمَزْبَرَانِىٌّ↓ (the latter written in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, [not in all of them, for in the CK it is written as above,] مُزْبِرٌ, which is a mistake, TA) Large in the زُبْرَة [q. v.]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) the former applied to a man, and the latter to a lion: (Ṣ:) or, accord. to ISd, Khálid Ibn-Kulthoom is in error in saying that the latter is an epithet applied to the lion; and that the correct word is مَرْزُبَانِىٌّ: the fem. of the former is زَبْرَآءُ. (TA.)

Also the former, Annoying, or hurting. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.)

قَدْ هَاجَتْ زَبْرَآءُ [Zebrà has become excited], (Ṣ,) or هَاجَتْ زَبْرَآؤُهُ His anger has become excited, is said of any man when this has been the case: (TA:) [it is said that] Zebrà was a clamorous and foul-tongued slave-girl of El-Ahnaf Ibn-Keys; and when she was angry, he used to say, قد هاجت زبرآء: and it became a proverb. (Ṣ, TA.)

مِزْبَرٌ A writing-reed; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, TA;) a reed with which one writes. (TA.)

بِئْرٌ مَزْبُورَةٌ A well cased, or walled internally, with stones. (Ṣ.)

See also زَبْرٌ.

مُزَأْبِرٌ and مُزَأْبَرٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andمُزَوْبِرٌ↓ andمُزَيْبِرٌ↓, orمُزَوْبَرٌ↓ andمُزَيْبَرٌ↓, (accord. to different copies of the Ḳ,) the third and fourth and the fifth and sixth said by Fr to be dial. vars. of the first and second, (Ṣgh, TA,) A garment, or piece of cloth, having nap (زِئْبِر) upon it: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [or the second and fifth and sixth, having its nap made to come forth:] or the first is applied to a man [as meaning making to have its nap come forth; and so the third and fourth]: and the second, to a garment or a piece of cloth [as having the second of the meanings expl. above; and so the fifth and sixth]. (TA.)