Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

زَمِنَ. aor. ـَ {يَزْمَنُ}, inf. n. زَمَنٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ) and زَمَانَةٌ (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ) and زُمْنَةٌ, (Ḳ,) He (a man, Ṣ, Mṣb) had, or was affected with, a malady of long continuance, (Mṣb,) or what is termed زَمَانَةٌ, expl. below: (Ḳ:) he was, or became, afflicted [with what is so termed]: (Ṣ:) or he was, or became, crippled. (TḲ.)

عَامَلَهُ مُزَامَنَةً (Ṣ, Ḳ) and زِمَانًا (Lḥ, TA) [He bargained, or made an engagement, with him, to work, for a time], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) from الزَّمَنُ. (Ṣ,) is like مُشَاهَرَةً [and شِهَارًا] (Ṣ, Ḳ) from الشَّهْرُ. (Ṣ.)

ازمن [He, or it, continued a long time;] a long time passed over him, or it, (Ḳ,* TA,) i. e. a thing. (TA.) You say, ازمن بِالمَكَانِ He remained, staid, dwelt, or abode, a long time (زَمَانًا) in the place. (TA.)

And [hence,] ازمن عَنِّى عَطَاؤُهُ ‡ His gift [was a long time kept back from me, or] was slow, or tardy, in coming to me. (TA.)

ازمن فُلَانًا He (God) made such a one to be such as is termed زَمِن, i. e. affected with a protracted disease; (Mṣb, TA;) or crippled, or deprived of the power to move or to stand or to walk, by disease, or by a protracted disease: or made him to be affected with what is termed [زَمَانَةٌ, expl. below, as meaning] عَاهَةٌ [&c.]. (TA.) It is said also of a disease [as meaning It deprived him of the power to move, &c.]. (TA in art. عضب.)

زَمَنٌ an inf. n. of زَمِنَ [q. v.]. (Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And a simple subst. [meaning Continuance for a long time,] from أَزْمَنَ in the first of the senses assigned to it above; and soزُمْنَةٌ↓, with damm. (IAạr, TA.)

Also, andزَمَانٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) the former a contraction of the latter, (Mṣb,) A time, whether little or much; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) thus accord. to Er-Rághib; (TA in art. دهر;) as being a space capable of division: (Mṣb:) and so says El-Munáwee: (TA:) a time considered with respect to its beginning and its end: (Er-Rághib, MF voce أَمَدٌ:) or i. q. عَصْرٌ [as meaning a space, or period, of time]: (M, Ḳ:) [often meaning, without any addition to qualify it, a long time; as in an instance of the usage of the latter word above: (see 4:) what follows here applies to each of these words:] زَمَانٌ differs in some respects from آنٌ and from أَمَدٌ: Sh asserts it to be syn. with دَهْرٌ; but AHeyth says that this is a mistake: (TA:) [it is so, however, sometimes, accord. to several authorities, as has been shown in art. دهر; and particularly as meaning fortune, or fate:] IAth says that it is applied to the whole of what is termed الدَّهْرُ [as meaning time], and to a portion thereof: AHeyth says that it is the زمان [i. e. season] of fruit, of ripe dates, and of heat and cold: and that it may be [a period of] two months [as meaning any one of the six seasons of the solar year] to six months [as meaning the half-year often termed summer and the half-year often termed winter]: (TA:) [thus] it is applied to any one of the four quarters of the year; (Mṣb, TA;) the first of which [in the order in which they are commonly mentioned by the Arabs, i. e. autumn,] is called by the Arabs [of the classical age] الرَّبِيعُ, but vulgarly الخَرِيفُ; called by the former name because the first rain is therein, giving growth to [the herbage called] the رَبِيع; and called by the latter name because the fruits are gathered therein; and it commences when the sun enters Libra: the second [i. e. winter] is called الشِّتَآءُ; and commences when the sun enters Capricornus: the third [i. e. spring] is الصَّيْفُ, vulgarly called الرَّبِيعُ; and commences when the sun enters Aries: the fourth [i. e. summer] is القَيْظُ, vulgarly called الصَّيْفُ; and commences when the sun enters Cancer: (Mṣb:)* * The two following tables exhibit the principal divisions of the Arabian Calendar. The latter of them shows the places of the months in relation to the solar year at the period when they received the names by which they are here designated.

THE QUARTERS.	THE SIX SEASONS.	OLDER NAMES.	LATER NAMES.
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.	Sept.	الخَرِيفُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.	Oct.	الخَرِيفُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.	Nov.	الخَرِيفُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.	Nov.	الشِّتَآءُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الرَّبِيعُ: الخَرِيفُ Autumn.	Dec.	الشِّتَآءُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الشِّتَآءُ Winter.	Dec.	الشِّتَآءُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الشِّتَآءُ Winter.	Jan.	الشِّتَآءُ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الشِّتَآءُ Winter.	Jan.	الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الشِّتَآءُ Winter.	Feb.	الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ
Together called by some الشِّتَآءُ and الرَّبِيعُ.	الشِّتَآءُ Winter.	Mar.	الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ or رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	الصَّيْفُ: الرَّبِيعُ Spring.	Mar.	الصَّيْفُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	الصَّيْفُ: الرَّبِيعُ Spring.	Apr.	الصَّيْفُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	الصَّيْفُ: الرَّبِيعُ Spring.	May	الصَّيْفُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	الصَّيْفُ: الرَّبِيعُ Spring.	May	القَيْظُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	الصَّيْفُ: الرَّبِيعُ Spring.	June	القَيْظُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.	June	القَيْظُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.	July	القَيْظُ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.	July	الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى or رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.	Aug.	الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى or رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ
Together called by some الصَّيْفُ.	القَيْظُ: الصَّيْفُ Summer.	Sept.	الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى or رَبِيعُ الثِّمَارِ

THE MONTHS.	THE PERIODS OF RAIN.
11. ذُو القَعْدَةِ Sept.	1. الوَسْمِى	الرَّبِيع
12. ذُو الحَجَّةِ Oct.	1. الوَسْمِى	الرَّبِيع
1. المُحَرَّمُ Nov.	1. الوَسْمِى	الرَّبِيع
2. صَفَرٌ Dec.	1. الوَسْمِى	الرَّبِيع
2. صَفَرٌ Dec.	2. الشَّتَوِىُّ	الرَّبِيع
3. شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلُ Jan.	2. الشَّتَوِى	الرَّبِيع
4. شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرُ Feb.	2. الشَّتَوِى	الرَّبِيع
4. شَهْرُ رَبِيعٍ الآخِرُ Feb.	3. الدَّفَئِىُّ	الرَّبِيع
5. جُمَادَى الأُولَى Mar.	3. الدَّفَئِىُّ	الرَّبِيع
5. جُمَادَى الأُولَى Mar.	4. الصَّيْفُ
6. جُمَادَى الآخِرَةُ Apr.	4. الصَّيْفُ
7. رَجَبٌ May	4. الصَّيْفُ
7. رَجَبٌ May	الحَمِيمُ	Mostly Dry.
8. شَعْبَانُ June	الحَمِيمُ	Mostly Dry.
9. رَمَضَانُ July	الحَمِيمُ	Mostly Dry.
9. رَمَضَانُ July	الخَرِيفُ	Mostly Dry.
10. شَوَّالٌ Aug.	الخَرِيفُ	Mostly Dry.
10. Sept.	الخَرِيفُ	Mostly Dry.

it is also applied to the time, or period, of the reign, rule, prefecture, or the like, of a man: [and to the life-time of a man:] with the philosophers, it signifies the measure of the motion of the ninth (or greatest) sphere (الفَلَك الأَطْلَس): (TA:) [and there are various other explanations belonging to the conventional language of the schools, not to the proper language of the Arabs: (see the “Dict. of the Technical Terms used in the Sciences of the Musalmans:”)] the pl. (of زَمَنٌ, Mṣb) is أَزْمَانٌ and أَزْمُنٌ and (that of زَمَانٌ, Mṣb) أَزْمِنَةٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.) [The dim. of زَمَنٌ, i. e. زُمَيْنٌ, see below.] In the following trad.,إِذَا تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ↓ لَمْ تَكَدْ رُؤيَا المُؤْمِنِ تَكْذِبُ [When the time becomes contracted, the dream of the believer will scarcely ever, or never, be false], what is meant is the end of time; and the approach of the resurrection; because when a thing becomes little, its extremities contract: or what is meant is the day's and the night's becoming equal; for the interpreters of dreams assert that the times [of dreams] most true of interpretation are the season of the breaking forth of the blossoms and that of the ripening of the fruit, which is when the day and the night become equal: or what is meant is the coming forth of El-Mahdee, when the year will be like the month, and the month like the week, and the week like the day, and the day like the hour, deemed short because deemed delightful: (Ḳ in art. قرب:) or it alludes to the shortness of lives and the scantiness of blessings. (TA in that art.) In another trad. it is said, كَانَتْ تَأْتِينَا أَزْمَانَ خَدِيجَةَ, meaning [She used to come to us] in the life-time [lit. times] of Khadeejeh. (TA.) And one says also,مَا لَقِيتُهُ مُذْ زَمَنَةٍ↓, meaningمذ زَمَانٍ↓ [i. e. I have not met him for a long time past: but in this case, accord. to the more approved usage, one should say مُذْ زَمَنَةٌ and مُذْ زَمَانٌ, or مُنْذُ زَمَنَةٍ and مُنْذُ زَمَانٍ]. (Lḥ, Ḳ,* TA.) (For authorities, and further information, see the words here mentioned, and more particularly نَوْءٌ and رَبِيعٌ; under the latter of which it is said that the third and last of the Six Seasons are called by some, respectively, الرَّبِيعُ الثَّانِى and الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ; and also that the appellations of the 3rd and 4th months are differently pronounced by different persons; and that some exclude the وَسْمِىّ from the rains called الرَّبِيعُ: and for the Calendar of the Mansions of the Moon, see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل.) The months are said to have received the names here given to them from Kiláb Ibn-Murrah, an ancestor of Moḥammad, about two centuries before El-Islám. These months were lunar; and from this period, with the view of adapting their year to the solar, the Arabs added a month, which they called النَّسِىْءُ, at the end of every three years, until they were forbidden to do so by the Ḳur-án (ch. ix.): but the months still retrograded through the seasons, though much more slowly. The abolition of the intercalation was proclaimed by Moḥammad at the pilgrimage in the tenth year of the Flight.

زَمِنٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) andزَمِينٌ↓, (Ḳ, TA,) applied to a man, (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA,) Having, or affected with, a malady of long continuance; (Mgh, Mṣb, TA;*) as alsoمُزْمَنٌ↓; (Ḥar p. 182;) or crippled, or deprived of the power to move or to stand or to walk, by disease, or by a protracted disease: (TA:) or having what is termed زَمَانَةٌ [expl. below], i. e. عَاهَةٌ: (Ḳ, TA:) or afflicted [with what is so termed]: (Ṣ:) pl. زَمِنُونَ, (Ḳ, TA,) of the former, (TA,) and زَمْنَى, (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) [likewise] of the former, (Mṣb,) or of the latter, as also زَمَنَةٌ. (TA.)

[Hence,] هُوَ فَاتِرُ النَّشَاطِ زَمِنُ الرَّغْبَةِ ‡ [He is remiss in respect of briskness or promptness, powerless in respect of desire]. (TA.)

زَمَنَةٌ A space, or period, or a long space or period, of time. (TA.) See also زَمَنٌ, last sentence.

زُمَيْنٌ [dim. of زَمَنٌ]. You say, لَقِيتُهُ ذَاتَ الزُّمَيْنِ, meaning thereby تَرَاخِى الوَقْتِ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [i. e. I met him some time ago;] like as one says ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ, meaning بَيْنَ الأَعْوَامِ: (Ṣ:) or meaning فِى سَاعَةٍ لَهَا أَعْدَادٌ [in a time consisting of some, or several, subdivisions]: (TA:) or ذَاتَ الزُّمَيْنِ means مُذْ ثَلَاثَةٌ أَزْمَانٍ [three seasons ago; or, app., three or more, to ten; (agreeably with an explanation of ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ voce ذُو;) by ازمان being app. meant periods of two, or three, or six, months]; (T in art. ذُو;) and the like is said by IAạr. (TA in art. صبح.)

زَمَانَةٌ an inf. n. of زَمِنَ [q. v.]. (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ.)

[Used as a simple subst.] it signifies also A disease, or an evil affection, syn. آفَةٌ, (Ṣ,) or عَاهَةٌ, (Ḳ,) in animals: (Ṣ:) [and particularly, in a man, a disease of long continuance: or such as cripples, or deprives of the power to move or to stand or to walk: (see زَمِنَ and زَمِنٌ:)] or want of some one or more of the limbs, or members; and privation of the powers, or faculties. (Ḥar p. 315.) And i. q. دَهْرٌ [app. as meaning An evil event or accident, a misfortune, or a calamity]. (KL.)

Also Love. (Ḳ.)

سَاعَةٌ زَمَانِيَّةٌ [A while; an indefinite short time; as distinguished from سَاعَةٌ فَلَكِيَّةٌ, which is an astronomical hour: and so, often, سَاعَةٌ alone.]

مُزْمِنٌ Of long continuance; of long standing; over which a long time has past. (TA.) [You say مَآءٌ مُزْمِنٌ Stale water.] And سُعَالٌ مُزْمِنٌ [Chronic cough]. (Ḳ voce مَصْطَكَا.)