Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

زَالَ, aor. يَزُولُ, (Ḳ,) and, accord. to the Ḳ, also يَزَالُ, which is rare, on the authority of Aboo-ʼAlee, but this is the aor. of زَالَ like خَافَ, [which has a different meaning from the former verb,] (MF, TA,) inf. n. زَوَالٌ (Ḳ) and زُوُولٌ (Lḥ, Ḳ) [which in all its senses except one mentioned below may app. be pronounced also زُؤُولٌ, like حُؤُولٌ for حُوُولٌ, pl. of حَوْلٌ,] and زَوِيلٌ and زَوْلٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) the last thus, with fet-ḥ, accord. to a rule of the Ḳ, but in some of the copies زُولٌ, with damm, (TA,) and زَوَلَانٌ, (Ḳ,) It went away; passed away; departed; removed; shifted; (Ḳ, TA;) was, or became, remote, or absent; ceased to be or exist, or came to nought; (TA;) as alsoاِزْوَلَّ↓, inf. n. اِزْوِلَالٌ; (Ḳ;) or, accord. to the O, اِزْوَأَلَّ↓, like اِطْمَأَنَّ. (TA.) [See also 7.] Hence, الدُّنْيَا وَشِيكَةُ الزَّوَالِ [The world, or worldly enjoyment or good, is quick in passing away, or coming to nought]. (TA.) And زال زَوَالُهُ, and زَوَالُهَا: see زَوَالٌ: and for the former see also زَوِيلٌ. And زال زَوِيلُهُ, and زَوِيلُهَا: see زَوِيلٌ. And زال الشَّىْءُ عَنْ مَكَانِهِ, (Ṣ, TA,) or مَوْضِعِهِ, (Mṣb,) aor. يَزُولُ, inf. n. زَوَالٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA), &c., as above, (TA,) The thing removed, went away, [or ceased,] from its place; it left, or quitted, its place. (TA.) And زُلْتُ عَنْ مَكَانِى, inf. n. زَوَالٌ and زُوُولٌ, [I went away,, &c., from my place.] (Ḳ.) [And زال عَنْهُ, said of any affection of the mind or body, It went away, passed away, or ceased, from him; it left him, or quitted him.] And زَالُوا عَنْ مَكَانِهِمْ They turned away from their place; or returned, or went back, and fled, from it. (TA.) And زال عَنِ الرَّأْىِ, aor. يَزُولُ, inf. n. زُوُولٌ, [He turned, or swerved, from the opinion, or judgment, or sentiment.] (Lḥ, TA.) And زال alone, aor. يَزُولُ, He, or it, quitted his, or its, place. (AHeyth, TA.) And He removed from one town, or country, to another. (TA.) And زالت الخَيْلُ بِرُكْبَانِهَا, (Ḳ,) inf. n. زِيَالٌ, (TA,) The horses removed from their place with their riders. (Ḳ, TA. [Said in the TA to be tropical; but I see not why.])

Hence, زالت الشَّمْسُ, inf. n. زَوَالٌ and زُوُولٌ, without ء, (Ḳ,) as Th says, (TA,) and زِيَالٌ and زَوَلَانٌ, ‡ The sun declined from the meridian. (Ḳ, TA.) [And sometimes it signifies † The sun set: see 1 in art. دلك.]

And hence, but not with زُوُولٌ for an inf. n. in the senses expl. in this sentence and the next following it, (TA,) زال النَّهَارُ, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. زَوَالٌ (TA) [and app. زِيَالٌ and زَوَلَانٌ], ‡ ‡ The day became advanced, the sun being somewhat high; syn. اِرْتَفَعَ: (Ḳ, TA:) or, as some say, went away; or departed. (TA.) And زال الظِّلُّ, (TA,) orزال زَائِلُ↓ الظِّلِّ, (Ḳ, TA,) ‡ ‡ The sun became high, and the shade contracted, or decreased, or went away, at midday. (Ḳ,* TA.)

زال ظعنهم, [thus in the TḲ (ed. of Boolák), i. e. ظَعْنُهُمْ, thus in the Ḳ, and thus only, the verb being indicated by a preceding phrase; in the TA زالت ظعنهم. which is an evident mistranscription;] inf. n. زَيْلُولَةٌ, (Ḳ,) like قَيْلُولَةٌ [an inf. n. of قَالَ, aor. يَقِيلُ; but more properly compared to دَيْمُومَةٌ, an inf. n. of دَامَ, aor. يَدُومُ]; (TA;) [a phrase which may be rendered Their journeying ceased for a while;] expl. as meaning اِئْتَوَوْا مَكَانَهُمْ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُمْ [i. e. they abode in their place: then an opinion occurred to them different from their former opinion, so that it turned them therefrom, inducing them to remove]: (Ḳ:) in the Ḳ is added عَنْهُ; but this should be omitted: the passage is taken from the M; in which عَنْهُ refers to Lḥ as the authority. (TA.)

زال [having for its inf. n., app., زَوَالٌ and زَوِيلٌ and زَوْلٌ (see the first of these below)] signifies also It moved; or was, or became, in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation; syn. تَحَرَّكَ: so in the saying, رَأَيْتُ شَبَحًا ثُمَّ زَالَ [I saw a bodily form or figure: then it moved,, &c.]. (TA.) And one says, هُوَ يَزُولُ فِى النَّاسِ, meaning He moves much among men, or the people, and does not remain still, or stationary. (TA.)

زَالَتْ لَهُ زَائِلَةٌ↓ means شَخَصَ لَهُ شَخْصٌ [A figure seen from a distance rose to his view]. (TA.)

And زال بِهِ السَّرَابُ The mirage raised, or elevated, (رَفَعَ,) and made apparent, him, or it. (TA.)

مَا زَالَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا, &c.: see in art. زيل.

زال, aor. يَزُولُ, also signifies He affected acuteness or sharpness or quickness of intellect, cleverness, ingeniousness, skilfulness, knowledge, or intelligence: or did so, not having it: syn. تَظَرَّفَ. (IAạr, TA.) [See also 5.]

[As a trans. verb, it belongs to art. زيل, and app. to the present art. also.] See 4. You say, زال زَوَالَهُ, or زال ٱللّٰهُ زَوَلَهُ; and زال زَوَالَهَا: see زَوَالٌ. And زِيلَ زَوِيلُهُ and زَوِيلُهَا and زَوَالُهُ: see زَوِيلٌ: and for the first, see also زَوَالٌ.

And زالهُ He separated himself from him; (Ḳ;) as also زايلهُ. (Ṣ and Ḳ in art زيل [to which the latter exclusively belongs.])

زاولهُ, inf. n. مُزَاوَلَةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and زِوَالٌ, (Ḳ,) i. q. عَالَجَهُ [as meaning He laboured, exerted himself, strove, struggled, contended, or conflicted, with him, or it, to prevail, overcome, or gain the mastery or possession, or to effect an object: and accord. to the KL and PṢ and some other lexicons, it signifies also he treated him medically; which is another meaning of عالجه; but of this meaning I have not found any ex.]: and حَاوَلَهُ [as meaning he sought to obtain it, or effect it; or did so by artful, or skilful, management]: (Ṣ,* Ḳ:) and طَالَبَهُ [he made a demand on him, or prosecuted a claim upon him]. (Ḳ.) [Accord. to the TA, it seems to be used properly in relation to real things, and tropically in relation to ideal things. One says, زاول الصَّيْدَ He strove to gain possession of, or to catch, i. e. he hunted, the animals of the chase. (See طَرَدَ.)] And زَاوَلْتُهُ عَنِ الأَمْرُ [I strove with him to avert him, or to turn him back, from the affair]. (Ṣ, in art. جحس.) Zuheyr says,

* فَبِتْنَا وُقُوفًا عِنْدَ رَأْسِ جَوَادِنَا *

* يُزَاوِلُنَا عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَنُزَاوِلُهْ *

[And we passed the night standing at the head of our courser, he striving with us to repel us from himself, and we striving with him to master him]. (Ṣ.) And a man said to another, who upbraided him with cowardice, وَٱللّٰهُ مَا كُنْتُ جَبَانًا وَلٰكِنِّى زَاوَلْتُ مُلْكًا مُؤَجَّلًا † [By God I was not a coward, but I strove, or sought, to preserve a possession appointed for a fixed time; i. e., to preserve my life though its term is fixed: see the Ḳur iii. 139]. (Ṣ.) One says also, يُزَاوِلُ حَاجَةً لَهُ i. e. يُحَاوِلُهَا ‡ [He seeks to accomplish a thing that is an object of want to him; or does so by artful, or skilful, management]: a tropical phrase. (TA.) And مَلِلْتُ مُزَاوَلَةَ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ † [I loathed, or was averse from, striving, or seeking, to accomplish this affair]. (TA.)

ازالهُ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. إِزَالَةٌ; (TA;) andزوّلهُ↓, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَزْوِيلٌ; (O, TA;) andاِزْدَالَهُ↓, [originally اِزْتَالَهُ,] inf. n. اِزْدِيَالٌ (O,) this being syn. with إِزَالَةٌ; (Ḳ;) He removed it; made it to go away, pass away, depart, remove, or shift; (O, Ḳ, TA;) [and made it to cease to be or exist, or to come to nought: did away with it; annulled it: effaced, or obliterated, it:] andزِلْتُهُ↓, aor. أَزَالُهُ and أَزِيلُهُ, [which see in art. زيل,] signifies the same as أَزَلْتُهُ and زَوَّلْتُهُ. (Ḳ.) You say, ازالهُ عَنِ المَوْضِعِ He removed it from the place. (MA: and the like is said in the Ḳ.) [And ازال عَنْهُ كَذَا He removed from him such a thing; made it to go away, pass away, or cease, from him; or to leave him, or quit him; he freed him from it, or rid him of it. And ازالهُ عن رَأْيِهِ He, or it, made him to turn, or swerve, from his opinion, or judgment, or sentiment.] And ازال ٱللّٰهُ زَوَالَهُ and زَوَالَهَا: see زَوَالٌ. [See also 4 in art. زيل.]

تزوّلهُ andزوّلهُ↓ i. q. أَجَآءَهُ [He made him, or it, to come]: so says AAF, on the authority of AZ: in the copies of the Ḳ, erroneously, أَجَادَهُ. (TA.)

And تزوّل, (Ḳ,) said of a young man, (TA,) He attained the utmost degree of acuteness or sharpness or quickness of intellect, or of cleverness, ingeniousness, skilfulness, knowledge, or intelligence. (Ḳ.) [See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.]

تزاولوا i. q. تَعَالَجُوا [They laboured, exerted themselves, strove, struggled, contended, or conflicted, one with another, to prevail, overcome, or gain the mastery or possession, or to effect an object]. (Ṣ, Ḳ. [See also 3.])

انزال It was, or became, removed; or made to go away, pass away, depart, remove, or shift. (Ṣ,* TA.)

And انزال عَنْهُ He became separated from him. (Ḳ.) [See also 7 in art. زيل.]

[اِستزالهُ He looked at it to see if it quitted its place.] One says, اِسْتَحِلْ هٰذَا الشَّخْصَ وَٱسْتَزِلْهُ, meaning Look thou at this figure seen from a distance to see if it move and if it quit its place. (AHeyth, O, TA.)

زَوْلٌ an inf. n. of 1 in the first of the senses expl. above. (Ḳ,* TA.)

See also زَوَالٌ.

As an epithet applied to a man, (Ṣ,) Light, agile, or active: acute or sharp or quick in intellect, clever, ingenious, skilful, knowing, or intelligent: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) at whose acuteness or sharpness or quickness of intellect,, &c., one wonders: (ISk, Ṣ:) fem. with ة {زَوْلَةٌ}; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) said to mean skilful, knowing, or intelligent, (Ṣ, TA,) as also the masc., (TA,) and cunning: (Ṣ, TA:) and a servant-girl who is sharp and effective in the conveying of messages: and applied to a woman as meaning بَرْزَةٌ لِلرِّجَالِ [who goes or comes forth to men, and with whom they sit, and of whom they talk, and who abstains from what is unlawful and indecorous, and is intelligent;, &c.: see art. برز]: (TA:) pl. masc. أَزْوَالٌ (Ḳ, TA) and fem. زَوْلَاتٌ; the former applied to young men, and the latter to young women. (TA.)

Courageous; (Ḳ, TA;) in consequence of whose courage, men are abashed (يَتَزَايَلُوا [as though زَوْلٌ in this sense belonged to art. زيل]). (TA.)

And Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (Ḳ,* TA:) pl. أَزْوَالٌ. (TA.)

‡ A wonder, or wonderful thing: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) pl. أَزْوَالٌ. (Ṣ.) One says, هٰذَا زَوْلٌ مِنَ الأَزْوَالِ ‡ This is a wonder of the wonders. (TA.) And one says also, [using it as an epithet,] سَيْرٌ زَوْلٌ † A journeying, or pace, wonderful in respect of its quickness and briskness or lightness: and شَتْوَةٌ زَوْلَةٌ † A winter, or winters, wonderful in respect of the severity and cold thereof. (TA.) [See also أَزْوَلُ.]

† A trial, or an affliction; syn. بَلَآءٌ. (Ḳ.)

† A form, or figure, that appears in the night [and by which one is frightened: see مُزَاوَلٌ]. (TA.) ‡ A form, or figure, of a man or some other thing, that one sees from a distance: or a person: syn. شَخْصٌ: (Ḳ, TA:) as alsoزَائِلَةٌ↓: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. (TA.)

The فَرْج [i. e. the anterior pudendum, or the pudenda,] of a man. (Ḳ.) One says, كَشَفَ زَوْلَهُ [He uncovered his فرج]. (TḲ.)

And A hawk. (Ḳ.)

زَوَالٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) andزَوِيلٌ↓ andزَوْلٌ↓ (Ḳ) are inf. ns. of زَالَ [q. v.]. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

And all signify Motion, commotion, or agitation. (TA in explanation of the first and last, and Ḳ in explanation of the second.) [Hence,]زَالَ↓ زَوَالُهُ, orزَالَ↓ زَوَالَهُ, (accord. to different copies of the Ḳ,) orزَالَ↓ ٱللّٰهُ زَوَالَهُ, (Ṣ in art. زيل, and TA,) andأَزَالَ↓ ٱللّٰهُ زَوَالَهُ, (Ṣ in art. زيل, and Ḳ and TA,) are imprecations of destruction, or perdition, or death, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and trial, or affliction, upon him to whom they relate: (Ṣ:) or such are the [second and] third and fourth of these phrases: but the first is a prayer for one's continuance where he is, [or his continuance in life; lit.] meaning May his motion cease; [and hence, may he continue where he is, or continue in life:] and, as expl. by ISk, the [second and] third and fourth [lit.] signify May [He i. e.] God cause his motion to cease; [and hence, may He, or God, put an end to his life;] these phrases being similar to the saying أَسْكَتَ ٱللّٰهُ نَامَّتَهُ. (TA.) [Thus all four have virtually the same lit. signification. And the first has also another meaning; as will be seen below.] El-Aạshà says,

* هٰذَا النَّهَارُ بَدَا لَهَا مِنْ هَمِّهَا *

*مَا بَالُهَا بِاللَّيْلِ زَالَ↓ زَوَالَهَا *

(Ṣ, TA,) [app. meaning This is the day-time: an opinion has arisen in her mind such as to turn her from her former opinion and induce her to absent herself, (بَدَآءٌ, I suppose, being understood after بَدَا لَهَا, like as it is after بَدَا لَهُمْ in the Ḳur xii. 35,) in consequence of her anxiety: what will be her case in the night? may it (her phantom) be absent, like as she is absent: for] the meaning is said to be, زَالَ الخَيَالُ زَوَالَهَا: IAạr says, he disliked the phantom only because it roused his desire: or [زَالَ may be here syn. with أَزَالَ, so that] the meaning may beأَزَالَ↓ ٱللّٰهُ زَوَالَهَا [may God make her motion to cease]; and this is corroborated by the reading of AA, زَوَالُهَا, in the nom. case, [i. e.زَالَ↓ زَوَالُهَا may her motion cease;] which makes this an instance of [the license termed] الإِقْوَآء: this, he says, is an old proverbial phrase of the Arabs, and El-Aạshà has used it as he heard it: others than AA read [زَوَالَهَا,] in the accus. case, without إِقْوَآء, holding the meaning to be, may her phantom be absent from us in the night like as she herself is absent in the day-time. (TA.) زِيلَ↓ زَوِيلُهُ↓, likewise, means His motion ceased, or may his motion cease: or, accord. to Z, he became fixed, or motionless, from fear; or may he become so. (TA in art. زيل.) [See also another rendering of this phrase in the next paragraph.] One says also,أَخَذَهُ الزَّوِيلُ↓ وَالعَوِيلُ Commotion, or agitation, (Ḳ, TA,) and disquietude of mind, (TA,) and wailing, or raising of the voice in weeping, overcame him. (Ḳ, TA.)

See also the next paragraph, in three places.

زَوِيلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

Also The side; syn. جَانِبٌ; and soزَوَالٌ↓: thus in the sayings,زَالَ↓ زَوِيلُهُ andزَالَ↓ زَوَالُهُ↓, meaning [app. His side became in a state of commotion, or it quivered,] by reason of fright: (Ḳ:) [or] زَوِيلٌ signifies the heart: so in the saying,زِيلَ↓ زَوِيلُهُ [His heart became removed from its place]: (Ṣ:) a prov., applied to one whom an event that has disquieted him has befallen: as alsoزِيلَ↓ زَوَالُهُ↓: (Meyd:) [see also two other renderings of the former phrase in the next preceding paragraph:] Dhu-r-Rummeh says, describing the egg of an ostrich,

* وَيَيْضَآءُ لَا تَنْحَاشُ مِنَّا وَأُمُّهَا *

*إِذَا مَا رَأَتْنَا زِيلَ↓ مِنَّا زَوِيلُهَا *

meaning زِيلَ قَلْبُهَا مِنَ الفَزَعِ [i. e. And a white thing (the egg which he is describing) will not take fright, and flee from us, or will not shrink from us, while its mother, when she sees us, her heart becomes removed from its place by fright in consequence of the approach of us]: (Ṣ in art. زيل, and Meyd:) or, as some relate it,زَالَ↓ مِنَّا زَوِيلُهَا [which means her heart quits its place, &c.]: (TA:) and the former reading may mean the same as this. (IB, TA in art. زيل.)

زَوَّالٌ Having much زَوْل, i. e. motion. (TA.)

Accord. to J, it occurs in an أُرْجُوزَة, cited by AA, as meaning That moves much in his gait, but traverses a short space: but the right word in this case is زَوَّاك, as is shown by the rhyme. (IB, Ḳ.)

زويلى, with damm, [app. زُوَّيْلَى, like قُبَّيْطَى, &c., for, as it is not said to be a dim., I know no other form of word with which to compare it,] A thing like a ladle, belonging to sailors. (TA.)

زَائِلٌ [Going away; passing away; departing; transient; shifting; becoming remote, or absent; ceasing to be or exist; nonexistent:, &c.: part. n. of زَالَ, q. v.].

[Hence,] لَيْلٌ زَائِلُ النُّجُومِ [properly A starless night, or night of which the stars are absent: but expl. as meaning] † a long night. (Z, TA.)

زَالَ زَائِلُ الظِّلِّ: see 1.

زَائِلَةٌ [from زَائِلٌ, the ة being affixed to transfer the word from the category of epithets to that of substantives,] Whatever has a soul, (Ḳ, TA,) of animals; that moves (يَزُولُ) from its place: (TA:) or anything that moves; (Ḳ, TA;) that does not remain fixed in its place; applied to a man and to other things. (TA.)

زَوَائِلُ is its pl.: (TA:) and signifies [particularly] Animals of the chase. (Ḳ, TA.)

And [hence,] ‡ Women. (O, Ḳ, TA.) One says رَجُلٌ رَامِى الزَّوَائِلِ † A man knowing in respect of the diseases, or faults, (أَدْوَآء,) of women: (O:) or ‡ skilful in the making of women to incline to him: whence the saying of Ibn-Meiyádeh,

* وَكُنْتُ ٱمْرَأً أَرْمِى الزَّوَائِلَ مَرَّةً *

* فَأَصْبَحْتُ قَدْ وَدَعْتُ رَمْىَ الزَّوَائِلِ *

‡ [And I was a man having the art of making women to incline to me, once; but I have become such that I have relinquished the art of making women to incline to me]: this was a man who used to beguile women in his time of youthful vigour by his beauty; but when he became hoary and aged, no woman inclined to him. (TA.)

Also ‡ The stars: (Ḳ, TA:) because of their motion from the east and the west in their revolving. (TA.)

See also 1, near the end of the paragraph; and زَوْلٌ, last sentence but three.

زَوْلٌ أَزْوَلُ (Ṣ,* TA) has an intensive signification [i. e. † A great wonder; or a very wonderful thing]: (TA:) [or a wonderful event that happens to one, preventing his fleeing;] accord. to Abu-sSemh, أَزْوَلُ denotes the happening to one of an event such as prevents him from fleeing. (IB, TA.)

مِزْوَلَةٌ A certain instrument pertaining to astronomers, by means of which is known the declining of the sun from the meridian: [a sun-dial: used in this sense in the present day:] a vulgar term: pl. مَزَاوِلُ. (TA.)

مُزَاوَلٌ pass. part. n. of 3: one says, مَا زَالَ هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مُزَاوَلًا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ † [This affair ceased not to be striven, or sought, to be accomplished by means of their hands]. (TA.)

Also Frightened by a زَوْل, i. e. a form, or figure, appearing in the night. (TA.)