Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَجَدَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) [aor. ـُ {يَسْجُدُ},] inf. n. سُجُودٌ, (Mṣb,) He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; syn. خَضَعَ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ, TA,) or تَطَامَنَ, and ذَلَّ: (Mṣb:) or he bent him-self down towards the ground: (Aboo-Bekr, TA: [and such is often meant by خَضَعَ and by تَطَامَنَ:]) [or it has both of these significations combined; i. e. he was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive, bending himself down; for] the primary signification of السُّجُودُ is تَذَلُّلً together with تَطَأْمُنٌ [or تَطَامُنٌ]. (Bḍ in ii. 32.) Andاسجد↓ He lowered his head, and bent himself; (AA, Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;) said of a man; (AA, Ṣ, Mgh;) and put his forehead on the ground: (Mgh:) and likewise said of a camel; (Ṣ, A;) in the latter case tropical; (A;) as also سَجَدَ; (A, Mgh, Mṣb;) meaning ‡ he lowered his head, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb,) to be ridden, (Ṣ, Mgh,) or to his rider, (A,) or on the occasion of his being ridden, or mounted. (Mṣb.)

The سُجُود of prayer is from سَجَدَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (Ṣ;) and means The [prostrating oneself;] putting the forehead on the ground: (Ṣ, Mgh:) سَجَدَ, (ISd, Mṣb, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (ISd, TA,) signifies he put his forehead on the ground: (ISd, Mṣb, TA:) but سُجُود to God denotes a particular manner [of doing this; i. e. the prostrating oneself in prayer by dropping gently upon the knees, placing the palms of the hands on the ground, a little before the place of the knees, and then putting the nose and forehead on the ground, the former first, between the two hands]. (Mṣb.)

It is said of Kisrà, in a trad., كَانَ يَسْجُدْ لِلطَّالِع, i. e. He used to lower himself, or bend himself down, to the arrow passing beyond the butt, going over it; which they used to reckon like that which hit the butt; meaning that he used to concede to the shooter thereof: or, accord. to Az, it means that he used to lower his head when his arrow was elevated [too high] above the object shot at, in order that the arrow might be rightly directed, and might hit the circle. (TA.)

And [as salutation is often accompanied with a bending of the body,] سُجُودٌ also signifies † The act of saluting. (L, TA.) [You say, سَجَدَ لَهُ † He saluted him. And also † He paid respect, or honour, to him; or magnified him; see Ḥam p. 294.]

You say also, سَجَدَتِ النَّخْلَةُ ‡ The palm-tree bent, or inclined, (AḤn, Mgh, TA,) by reason of the abundance of its fruit. (Mgh.) And السَّفِينَةُ تَسْجُدُ لِلرِّيحِ ‡ The ship bends, or inclines, by the influence of the wind. (A, TA.)

وَٱلنَّجْمُ وَٱلشَّجَرُ يَسْجُدَانِ, in the Ḳur [lv. 5], means, accord. to Fr, † [And the herbs and the trees] turn towards the sun and incline with it until the afternoon-shade becomes broken: (TA:) or the herbs and the trees humbly submit to his will. (Bḍ, Jel.) The سُجُود of inanimate things to God we understand, in the Ḳur, as denoting obedience to that whereto they are made subservient, and as a fact to be believed without inquiry into the manner thereof. (I’Ab, L.)

Also He stood erect: (Lth, Mṣb, Ḳ:) so in the dial. of Teiyi. (Mṣb.) It is said in the Ḳ, immediately after the mention of the first signification and this last, that thus the verb has two contr. meanings: but it may be said that there is no [necessary, or absolute,] contrariety between الخُضُوع and الاِنْتِصَاب. (MF.)

سَجِدَتْ رِجْلُهُ, aor. ـَ {يَسْجَدُ}, ‡ His leg became inflated, or swollen. (Ḳ, TA.)

اسجد: see 1, second sentence.

Also, (Ḳ,) inf. n. إِسْجَاد, (Ṣ,) ‡ He looked continuedly and tranquilly: (TA:) or he looked continuedly, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and lowered the eyelids in a languid, or languishing, manner, (Ṣ, [the inf. n. being there expl. by إِدَامَةُ النَّظَرِ وَإِمْرَاضُ الأَجْفَانِ,]) or lowering the eyelids [&c.], (Ḳ,* TḲ,) with a look indicative of [amorousness, and feigned coyness or opposition, or] confidence in one's love, and consequent presumptuousness: (TA:) or he had a languid, or languishing, eye. (L.)

And اسجدت عَيْنَهَا ‡ She lowered her eye. (A, TA.)

سَجْدَةٌ A single act of سُجُود [as meaning prostrating oneself in prayer or the like: pl. سَجَدَاتٌ]: so in the phrase سَجَدْتُ سَجْدَةً [I performed a prostration of myself]: (Mṣb:) and قَرَأْتُ سُورَةَ السَّجْدَةِ [I recited, or read, the chapter of the prostration; which is the thirty-second chapter of the Ḳur-án]. (Ṣ,* Mṣb.)

سِجْدَةٌ a subst. from سَجَدَ; (Ṣ;) A species, or sort, [or kind,] of سُجُود [as meaning prostration of oneself in prayer or the like]: so in the phrase سَجَدْتُ سِجْدَةً طَوِيلَةً [I performed a long kind of prostration of myself]. (Mṣb.)

رَجُلٌ سَجَّادٌ [A man who prostrates himself much, or frequently, in prayer or the like]. (A, TA.)

A [small mat, such as is termed] خُمْرَة, (Ṣ, Mgh, L, TA,) [of an oblong shape, and a small oblong carpet,] upon which one prostrates himself [and stands and sits in prayer]; (L, TA;) also called سُجَّادَةٌ↓, (A, TA,) andمِسْجَدَةٌ↓. (A, L, TA.) You say, بَسَطَ سَجَّادَتَهُ, &c. [He spread his prayer-mat, or prayer-carpet]. (A.)

And The mark of سُجُود [or prostration in prayer] upon the forehead [when dust adheres to it]. (Ṣ, A, Mgh.)

سَاجِدٌ act. part. n. of سَجَدَ: (L:) [Being lowly, humble, or submissive: bending himself down towards the ground:, &c.: and hence, prostrating himself in prayer; putting his forehead on the ground:, &c.:] pl. سُجَّدٌ (Ṣ, A, L) and سُجُودٌ. (L.)

وَٱدْخُلُوا ٱلْبَابَ سُجَّدًا, in the Ḳur [ii. 55 and vii. 161], means And enter ye the gate bending down your heads: (I’Ab, Ḳ:) it was a narrow [or low] gate. (I’Ab.)

And سُجَّدًا لِلّٰهِ, in the Ḳur xvi. 50, means ‡ Humbling themselves to God, with subserviency. (TA.)

You say also شَجَرَةٌ سَاجِدَةٌ, and شَجَرٌ سَاجِدٌ and سَوَاجِدُ, [this last word being pl. of سَاجِدَةٌ,] ‡ A tree, and trees, bending, or inclining: (A:) and نَخْلٌ سَوَاجِدُ † palm-trees bending, or inclining: (AḤn:) and نَجْلَةٌ سَاجِدَةٌ † a palm-tree bent by its fruit. (Ḳ.) [But it is said that] عُلْبٌ سَوَاجِدُ, occurring in a verse of Lebeed, means † Firmly-rooted [tall] palm-trees. (IAạr.)

And فُلَانٌ سَاجِدُ المَنْخِرِ ‡ Such a one is object, low, humble, or submissive. (A, TA.)

And عَيْنٌ سَاجِدَةٌ ‡ A languid, or languishing, eye. (A, Ḳ.)

أَسْجَدُ ‡ Having his leg inflated, or swollen: (Ḳ, TA:) applied to a man. (TA.)

دَرَاهِم الأَسْجَاد, (O, Ḳ,) or الإِسْجَاد, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) thus some relate it, with kesr to the ء, (O, Ḳ,) in the saying of El-Aswad Ibn-Yaafur.

* مِنْ خَيْرِ ذِى نَطَفٍ أَغَنَّ مُنَطَّقٍ *

* وَافَى بِهَا لِدَرَاهِمِ الإِأَسْجَادِ *

[Of the wine of one with earrings, having a nasal twang, girded with a waist-belt, i. e., of a foreigner: he brought it for what are termed دراهم الاسجاد], (Ṣ,* O, Ḳ, but in the copies of the Ḳ كَدَرَاهِم, [which I think a mistranscription,]) means dirhems whereon were effigies to which people performed the act of سُجُود: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) it is said that upon them was the effigy of Kisrà, and he who beheld them lowered his head to them and showed humility [as the Persians in the present day do to the picture of their King]: (IAmb, TA:) or الأَسْجَاد means the tax called جِزْيَة: (O, Ḳ:) so says AO, (O,) or AʼObeyd: (TA:) or the Jews and the Christians: (O, Ḳ:) some say the former and some say the latter: (O:) and it is read with kesr to the ء, and expl. as meaning the Jews, (O, Ḳ,) by IAạr. (O.) [Whatever be the signification of the last word, the verse plainly means, “of wine of a foreigner, sold by him for foreign money.”]

مَسْجَدٌ The forehead, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) where is the mark made by the سُجُوَد [or prostration in prayer]. (Ṣ.) [Said in the TA to be tropical; but not so accord. to the A.] And sing. of مَسَاجِدُ which signifies The parts of a man that are the places of سُجُود; (Lth, Mgh, Mṣb, L;) المَسَاجِدُ meaning the forehead, the nose, the hands, the knees, and the feet: (Mgh, L:) or the forehead, the hands, and the knees: (Mgh:) or the seven آرَاب; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) namely, the forehead, the hands, the knees, and the feet: (TA in art. ارب:) such, accord. to some, is its meaning in the Ḳur lxxii. 18. (L.)

See also the next paragraph, in two places.

مَسْجِدٌ [Any place in which one performs the act of سُجُود, or acts of worship or devotion; and particularly a mosque; a Muslim temple; an oratory;] a house in which one performs the act of سُجُود; (IB;) a house of prayer; (Mgh, Mṣb;) any place in which one performs acts of worship or devotion: (Zj:) a word of well-known meaning; (Ḳ;) sing. of مَسَاجِدُ; (Ṣ, Mgh, Ḳ;) and also pronounced مَسْجَدٌ↓: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) this latter word signifies, accord. to IAạr, the مِحْرَاب [here meaning oratory, or place of private prayer,] of a house; and the place of prayer of the congregations; (TA;) or it signifies any of the parts of the ground, as well as of the body, that are the places of سُجُود: (Lth, L:) or the place of the forehead [on the ground in the act of prostration in prayer]. (IB.) Fr says, (Ṣ,) the مَفْعل of every verb of the class of فَعَلَ having its aor. of the measure يَفْعُلُ is with fet-ḥ to the medial radical letter, whether it be a subst, or an inf. n., (Ṣ, Ḳ,) without any difference, so that you say, دَخَلَ مَدْخَلًا, and هٰذَا مَدْخَلُهُ; (Ṣ;) except some words (Ṣ, Ḳ) among substs., (Ṣ,) as مَسْجِدٌ and مَطْلِعٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and مَغْرِبٌ (Ṣ) and مَشْرِقٌ and مَسْقِطٌ and مَفْرِقٌ and مَجْزِرٌ and مَسْكِنٌ and مَرْفِقٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) from رَفَقَ, aor. يَرْفُقُ, (Ṣ,) and مَنْبِتٌ and مَنْسِكٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) from نَسَكَ, aor. يَنْسُكُ; (Ṣ;) these being with kesr (Ṣ, Ḳ) to the medial radical letter (Ḳ) as a sign of their being substs.; but sometimes some of the Arabs pronounce it with fet-ḥ in the subst.: مَسْكِنٌ and مَسْكَنٌ have been transmitted; and we have heard المَسْجِدُ andالمَسْجَدُ↓, and المَطْلِعُ and المَطْلَعُ: and he further says, (Ṣ,) fet-ḥ is allowable, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) in all of these, (Ṣ,) even if we have not heard it: but when the verb is of the class of فَعَلَ having its aor. of the measure يَفْعِلُ, the n. of place [or time] is with kesr, and the inf. n. is with fet-ḥ, to distinguish the one from the other; so that you say, نَزَلَ مَنْزَلًا, meaning نُزُولًا, and هٰذَا مَنْزِلُةُ, meaning دَارُهُ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

[Hence مَسْجِدٌ جَامِعٌ A congregational mosque; i. e. a mosque in which a congregation assembles to perform the Friday-prayers.] المَسْجِدُ الحَرَامُ [The sacred mosque of Mekkeh]. (Mṣb in art. حرم.) المَسْجِدُ الأَقْصَى The furthest mosque [which is in Jerusalem]. (Mṣb in art. قصو.) مَسْجِدُ الخَيْفِ The mosque of the خَيْف [q. v.] in Minè. (Ṣ, &c. in art. خيف.) And المَسْجِدَانِ The two mosques; that of Mekkeh and that of El-Medeeneh: (Ṣ, Mgh:) so in a verse cited in the first paragraph {1} of art. ثرو. (Ṣ.)