Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَرَحَ المَالُ, (TA,) or سَرَحَتِ المَاشِيَةُ, (Ṣ, TA,) or الإِبِلُ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, (Mṣb, TA,) inf. n. سُرُوحٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) and سَرْحٌ, (Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) The cattle, or camels, pastured, (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) or pastured where they pleased, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) by themselves; (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ,* TA;*) [or in the morning; for] you say, سَرَحَتْ بِالغَدَاةِ and رَاحَتْ بِالعَشِىِّ: (Ṣ:) or pastured in the morning until the ضُحَى [or period of bright morning-sunshine]. (AHeyth, TA.)

[Hence, app.,] هُوَ يَسْرَحُ فِى أَعْرَاضِ النَّاسِ [as though meaning He feeds upon the reputations of men;] i. e. ‡ he defames men; or defames men in their absence. (A, TA.)

And سَرَحْتُ أَنَا, inf. n. سُرُوحٌ, I went, or went away, in the morning. (AHeyth, TA.) And أَسْرَحُ إِلَيْكَ I go, or walk, to thee. (Ḥar p. 44.)

And سَرَحَ السَّيْلُ, (A, TA,) aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, inf. n. سَرْحٌ and سُرُوحٌ, (TA,) The torrent ran, or flowed, easily: (A, TA:) on the authority of Aboo-Saʼeed. (TA.)

And سَرَحَ البَوْلُ, (A, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, inf. n. سَرْحٌ (Ḳ) and سَرِيحٌ, (TA,) The urine had vent, poured out or forth, flowed, or streamed, (A, Ḳ, TA,) after its having been suppressed. (A, TA.)

سَرَحَ المَاشِيَةَ, (AHeyth, Ṣ, A,* TA,) or الإِبِلَ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. سَرْحٌ; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, TA;) andسرّحها↓, (Mgh, Mṣb,) inf. n. تَسْرِيحٌ, (Mgh, Ḳ,) but the teshdeed in this verb denotes intensiveness, or muchness, or frequency, of the action, or its application to many objects; (Mṣb;) He sent forth, or set free, [or drove,] the cattle, or camels, to pasture, (Ṣ,* Mgh, Mṣb,* Ḳ,*) or to pasture where they pleased, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) by themselves: (Ṣ,* Mṣb Ḳ,* TA:) [or he did so in the morning, as is indicated in the Ṣ; i. e.] he made them to go forth in the morning to the pasturage. (AHeyth, TA.) You say, أَرَحْتُ المَاشِيَةَ and أَنْفَشْتُهَا and أَسَمْتُهَا and أَهْمَلُتُهَا and سَرَحْتُهَا; this last alone without ا. (Ṣ. [Yet Golius mentions the last also with ا, though without assigning any authority for it.]) And hence, in the Ḳur [xvi. 6], حِينَ تُرِيحُونَ وَحِينَ تَسْرَحَونَ [When ye bring, or drive, them back in the evening, and when ye send, or drive, them forth in the morning]. (AHeyth, Ṣ.)

[Hence also,] سَرَحَ, aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, inf. n. سَرْحٌ; (Ḳ;) andسرّح↓, (Ṣ, A, L,) inf. n. تَسْرِيحٌ; (L;) He sent (Ṣ, L, Ḳ) a messenger to another person, (A, TA,) or such a one to such a place, (Ṣ, L,) or to accomplish some needful affair. (L.)

[And hence, app.,] سَرَحَهُ ٱللّٰهُ, andسرّحهُ↓, ‡ God disposed him [to what was right or good], or adapted him [thereto]: mentioned by Az, on the authority of El-Iyádee, but as being strange. (TA.) One says,سَرَّحَكَ↓ ٱللّٰهُ لِلْخَيْرِ ‡ May God dispose thee, or adapt thee, to that which is good. (A.)

And سَرَحَ, aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, inf. n. سَرْحٌ, He voided his excrement, or ordure; or, in a thin state; [the objective complement being understood;] syn. سَلَحَ. (Ḳ.)

And سَرَحْتُ مَا فِى صَدْرِى, (Ḳ,* TA,) aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, inf. n. سَرْحٌ, (Ḳ,) † I manifested, or gave forth, (أَخْرَجْتُ,) what was in my bosom. (Ḳ,* TA.)

سَرِحَ, aor. ـَ {يَسْرَحُ}, He set out easily in his affairs. (Ḳ.)

see above {1}, in four places.

تَسْرِيحٌ also signifies The dismissing a wife by divorcement. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) You say, سَرَّحَهَا He dismissed her by divorcement: (A, Mṣb:) from سَرَّحَ الإِبِلَ [expl. above]. (Mṣb.) And He sent her forth from his abode; (Bḍ in xxxiii. 48;) or let her go free; (Jel ibid.;) meaning one to whom he had not gone in. (Bḍ and Jel ibid.) [See also سَرَاحٌ, below; a subst. used as a quasi-inf. n. of this verb.]

[Also The putting, or sending, another away, far away, or far off; removing him far away; or alienating, or estranging, him: see Ḥar p. 44.]

And The act of removing, or clearing away: you say, سرّح عَنْهُ He removed, or cleared away, from him [grief or sorrow]; syn. فَرَّجَ. (L, TA.)

[And The causing water to flow; or letting it flow.] You say, سَرَّحُوا المَآءَ فِى الخَنْدَقِ [They caused the water to flow, or let it flow, into the moat]; from سَرَّحَ الإِبِلَ. (Mgh.)

And The letting down, and loosing, the hair, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) before the combing: (Ṣ:) or the disentangling the hair: or the separating it with the comb: or the combing it: (Mgh:) or the combing down the hair; and disentangling it with the comb. (Az, TA.) You say, سَرَّحَتْ شَعْرَهَا (A) or الشَّعْرَ, inf. n. as above, (Mṣb,) She combed [&c.] her hair (A) [or the hair].

[And it is used also in relation to poetry, or verses.] You say also, سرّح الشَّاعِرُ الشِّعْرَ [app. meaning The poet trimmed the poetry, or verses; as seems to be indicated by the context; for it is mentioned by Z immediately after what here precedes it]. (A.)

And The act of facilitating, or rendering easy. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

تسرّح He (a man) went away, and went forth, from a place. (TA.)

See also the next paragraph {7}.

انْسِرَاحٌ The act of running, or going along [quickly and easily]. (KL.) You say of a she-camel, اِنْسَرَحَتْ فِى سَيْرِهَا She was, or became, quick and easy in her pace. (A.)

And انسرح He lay upon his back, or lay as though thrown down or extended, and parted his legs. (Ṣ.)

And He was, or became, naked, bare, or without clothing. (KL. [See also its part. n., مُنْسَرِحٌ.])

And It (grief or sorrow) became removed, or cleared away; [syn. اِنْفَرَجَ;] as alsoتسرّح↓; quasi-pass. of سَرَّحَ signifying فَرَّجَ. (L, TA.)

سَرْحٌ Cattle, or camels, &c., pasturing, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) or pasturing where they please, by themselves: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) or only such as are sent, or driven, forth [to pasture] in the morning, and brought, or driven, back in the evening to their nightly resting-place: (L:) an inf. n. used as a subst. (Mgh, Mṣb.) AʼObeyd says that سَرْحٌ andسَارِحٌ↓ andسَارِحَةٌ↓ signify Cattle, or camels, &c.: and Khálid Ibn-Jembeh says that سَارِحَةٌ↓ means camels and sheep or goats: and a single beast; as well as a collection [of beasts]. (TA.)

Also A certain kind of trees, of great size, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) and tall, (Ṣ, TA,) not depastured, or seldom eaten by the camels, &c., but used for their shade: they grow in Nejd, in plain, or soft, and in rugged ground, but not in sand nor upon a mountain; and have a yellow fruit: (TA:) n. un. with ة {سَرْحَةٌ}: and it is said to be the same as the آء: (Ṣ:) but this is a mistake; the fact being that it bears a kind of berry termed آء, (Ḳ, TA,) resembling the olive: (TA:) or any trees without thorns: (Ḳ:) n. un. in this sense with ة {سَرْحَةٌ}: (Fr, Ḥam p. 603, TA:) or any tall trees: (Ḳ:) or [trees] of the kind called عِضَاه, great, with spreading branches, beneath which men alight in the صَيْف [or summer]: (Ḥam ubi suprà:) accord. to AḤn, the سَرْحَة is a great tree with spreading branches, beneath which people often alight, widely extending; men alight beneath it in the صَيْف [or summer], and pitch tents, or build houses, beneath it; and its shade is good: accord. to information given to Az by an Arab of the desert not known by him to have uttered a lie, it has a dusty colour, is not so tall as the أَثْل [a species of tamarisk], has small leaves, and lank branches, or twigs, and always grows slanting, its inclination among all the trees being towards the south (اليَمِين): Lth says that the سَرْح are a kind of trees that have a fruit, and they are the أَلَآء (الالآء [app. a mistranscription for الآء, i. e. the آء,]); but Az says that this is a mistake: Lth cites the saying of' Antarah,

* بَطَلٌ كَأَنَّ ثِيَابَهُ فِى سَرْحَةٍ *

* تُحْذَى نِعَالُ السِّبْتِ لَيْسَ بِتَوْءَمِ *

(L,) i. e. He is a man of valour, tall of stature, as though his clothes were upon a great tree such as is called سرحة; sandals of سبت [q. v.] are cut and made for him, such as are worn by the kings; and he is not a twin; so that he has been well suckled: (EM p. 245:) thus he describes this person as tall of stature, showing that the سرحة is a large tree: but the الآء [or آء] has no trunk nor tallness: IAạr says that the سَرْح are ذَكْوَان that have become large; and the ذكوان are certain trees having beautiful [shoots such as are termed] عَسَالِيج: the pl. is سِرَاحٌ. (L.)

The n. un., سَرْحَةٌ, is applied to signify ‡ A man's wife, (Ṣ, A,) by a metonymy. (Ṣ.) The Arabs are said by Az to term a woman, or wife, a سَرْحة growing over water, because in this case it is in the most beautiful condition. (TA.)

[Accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab. pp. cvi. and 68,) the name of سرح is applied to a plant of the class pentandria, which he terms Cadaba farinosa, (described by him in p. 68,) growing in the lower region of the mountains of Wádee-Surdud, in Tihámeh.]

Also The exterior court or yard of a house, (Ḳ,) or, as in the L, of a gate, or door. (TA.)

سُرُحٌ Easy; as alsoسَرِيحٌ↓. (L.) You say, وَلَدَتْهُ سُرُحًا She brought him forth with ease. (TA.) And تَخْرُجُ سُرُحًا It passes forth easily and quickly: occurring in a trad., describing a draught of water that satisfies thirst (شُرْبَةُ مَآءٍ). (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ سُرُحٌ andمُنْسَرِحَةٌ↓ A quick, or swift, she-camel; (Ṣ;) as alsoسَرُوحٌ↓: (L:) or a she-camel quick and easy in pace. (A, MA, and Ḥar p. 481.) And فَرَسٌ سُرُحٌ andمُنْسَرِحٌ↓ (Ḳ) andسِرْيَاحٌ↓, (TA,) or خَيْلٌ سُرُحٌ, (Ṣ,) A horse, or horses, quick, or swift. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) [See also سَرَاحِ, and سَرَّاحٌ.] And مِلَاطٌ سُرُحُ الجَنْبِ A shoulderblade, (TA,) or an upper arm-bone, of a camel, (ISh, T, TA,) quick to go and come [or move forwards and backwards]. (Aṣ, Ṣ, TA.) And مِشْيَةٌ سُرُحٌ An easy gait, or manner of going; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) like سُجُحٌ. (TA.) And عَطَآءٌ سُرُحٌ † A gift promptly given, without deferring: (Ḳ:) or ‡ a gift that is easy and quick; a metaphorical phrase from نَاقَةٌ سُرُحٌ expl. above. (Ḥar p. 481.)

[See also سَرِيحَةٌ, of which, in two senses, it is a pl.]

سَرْحَةٌ A single tree of the kind called سَرْحٌ [q. v.]. (Fr, Ṣ, TA.)

Also A she-ass that has attained to maturity but has not become pregnant. (O, Ḳ.)

And سَرْحَةُ, (O,) or السَّرْحَةُ, (Ḳ,) is the name of A certain dog. (O, Ḳ.)

سِرْحَانٌ, of the measure فِعْلَانٌ, the ن being an augmentative letter, (Sb, Ṣ,) from the verb سَرَحَ, (TA,) The wolf; (Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as also سِرْحَالٌ; (Yaạḳoob, Ḳ;) fem. سِرْحَانَةٌ (Ks, Ṣ) and سِرْحَالَهٌ; (TA;) and the lion, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) in the dial. of Hudheyl: (Ṣ, O:) pl. سَرَاحِينُ (Ṣ, A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and سَرَاحٍ and سِرَاحٌ, (O, L, Ḳ,) but the last not remembered to have been heard by Az. (L.) It is said in a prov.,

* سَقَطَ العَشَآءُ بِهِ عَلَى سِرْحَانِ *

[The evening-meal, or supper, (i. e. the seeking for it,) made him to fall, or light, upon a wolf]: (Ṣ, Meyd:) accord. to AʼObeyd, it originated from a man's going forth to seek the eveningmeal, and falling upon a wolf, which devoured him: accord. to Aṣ, from the like accident to a beast: accord. to IAạr, from a man's being slain by another man, named سِرْحَان: it is applied to the seeking an object of want that leads one to destruction. (Meyd. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 599: but the name there written “Hasahah” is هُزْلَة; accord. to Meyd, the father, but accord. to the O, the brother, of Sirhán.])

Hence, (Mgh, Mṣb,) i. e. from السِّرْحَانُ as meaning “the wolf,” or, as some say, “the lion,” (TA,) ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ The false dawn; (Mgh, O, Ḳ, TA;) i. e. the first [dawn]. (TA. [A term nearly agreeing with the Greek λυκοφως.])

السِّرْحَانُ, (O, Ḳ,) or سِرْحَانٌ, (TA,) is also the name of A certain dog: and of a certain horse: and of another horse. (O, Ḳ.)

Also The middle of a wateringtrough or tank: (O, Ḳ:) pl. as above. (Ḳ.)

سَرَاحٌ a subst. from تَسْرِيحُ المَرْأَةِ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) [i. e., a subst.] signifying The dismissal of a wife by divorcement: (Bḍ in xxxiii. 28 [where it is used as a quasi-inf. n., as it is also in verse 48 of the same chap.]:) like طَلَاقٌ and فِرَاقٌ, it signifies divorcement explicitly. (L.)

[And Dismissal in a general sense. Hence,] it is said in a prov., السَّرَاحُ مِنَ النَّجَاحِ ‡ [i. e. Dismissal is a part of the accomplishment of one's want]; (Ṣ, A, L;) meaning, when thou canst not accomplish a man's want, make him to despair; for thy doing so will be in his estimation an act that will stand him in lieu of thy helping him to accomplish it: (Ṣ, L: [in some copies of the former, for فَأَيْئِسْهُ, we find فَآيَسْتَهُ:]) or it is applied to a man who does not desire to accomplish the want [of another]; and means, it behooves thee to make him to despair if thou accomplish not his want. (Meyd. [See a similar prov. voce شَرَاحٌ.])

Also Haste, expedition, or promptness. (TA.)

And † Ease: so in the saying, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ فِى سَرَاحٍ وَرَوَاحٍ (TA) i. e. ‡ Do thou that in a state of ease (Ṣ and A and Ḳ in art. روح) and rest. (A in that art.)

سَرَاحِ [indecl.] like قَطَامِ, [app. as meaning The quick, or quick and easy in pace, like السُّرُحُ,] the name of a certain horse. (Ḳ.)

سَرِيحٌ: see سُرُحٌ.

أَمْرٌ سَرِيحٌ An affair done quickly, expeditiously, or promptly; (TA;) in which is no deferring. (A.) You say also, لَا يَكُونُ ذٰلِكَ إِلَّا فِى سَرِيحٍ That will not be save with quickness, expedition, or promptness. (TA.) And إِنَّ خَيْرَكَ لَفِى سَرِيحٍ and انّ خيرك لَسَرِيحٌ, Verily thy bounty is quick, expeditious, or prompt. (TA.)

فَرَسٌ سَرِيحٌ A horse without a saddle. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

See also the next paragraph, in five places.

سَرِيحَةٌ A thong with which one sews soles or sandals or the like: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) pl. سَرَائِحُ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ *) and سُرُحٌ (TA) and [coll. gen. n.] سَرِيحٌ↓: (Ṣ, TA:) or, as some say, the thong wherewith is fastened, or tied, the خَدَمَة which is a [thick plaited] thong that is fastened upon the pastern [of a camel, encircling it like a ring, for the attachment of a leathern shoe, or sandal]: (TA:) the pl. سُرُحٌ is also expl. as signifying the نِعَال [or leathern shoes, or sandals,] of camels: or, as some say, the thongs, or straps, of their نِعَال; each thong, or strap, being called سَرِيحَةٌ: (L, TA:) Suh says, in the R, that سَرِيحٌ↓ signifies a kind of thing like the نَعْل with which camels' feet are clad. (TA.) The سَرَائِخ of an arrow are The sinews that are wound around it; sing. سَرِيحَةٌ: and also certain marks upon it, like those of fire. (TA.)

Also A piece of a garment (Ḳ, TA) that has been much torn: (TA:) pl. سَرَائِحُ (Ḳ, TA) and [coll. gen. n.] سَرِيحٌ↓. (TA.)

And A conspicuous elongated strip of ground, (O, Ḳ,) even, (O,) narrow, and having more trees, or shrubs, (O, Ḳ,) or, as Az says, having more plants, or herbage, and trees, or shrubs, (TA,) than what is around it, (O, Ḳ, TA,) and rising above what surrounds it; (TA;) so that one sees it to be oblong, abounding with trees, or shrubs, what is around it having few trees, or shrubs: and sometimes it is what is termed عَقَبَةٌ [app. as meaning a long mountain lying across the way, and over which one passes]: (O, TA:) pl. سَرَائِحُ (O, Ḳ,* TA) and [coll. gen. n.] سَرِيحٌ↓. (TA.)

And An oblong, or enlongated, tract of blood, (Ḳ, TA,) when flowing: (TA:) pl. سَرَائِحُ (Ḳ,* TA) and [coll. gen. n.] سَرِيحٌ↓. (TA.)

سِرْيَاحٌ: see سُرُحٌ.

Also Tall; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as an epithet applied to a man. (TA.)

And Locusts, or the locust. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, and in my MṢ. copy of the Ḳ, الجَوادُ is erroneously put for الجَرَادُ.]) And أُمُّ سِرْيَاحٍ The female locust: (Aboo-ʼAmr Ez-Záhid, IB.) and the name of A certain woman, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) in one instance only. (Aboo-ʼAmr Ez-Záhid, IB.)

السِّرْيَاحُ, (Ḳ,) or سِرْيَاحٌ, (O,) is the name of A certain dog. (O, Ḳ.)

سَرَّاحٌ [probably meaning Quick, or quick and easy in pace, like سُرُحٌ,] the name of a horse of El-Mohallak Ibn-Hantam. (O, Ḳ.)

سَارِحٌ and سَارِحَةٌ: see سَرْحٌ, second sentence, in three places. مَا لَهُ سَارِحَةٌ وَلَا رَائِحَةٌ [lit. He has not any camels, &c., that go away to pasture, nor any that return from pasture,] means † he has not anything: (Ṣ, TA:) and sometimes it means † he has not any people, or party. (Lḥ, TA.)

سَيْلٌ سَارِحٌ A torrent running, or flowing, easily. (Aboo-Saʼeed, A, TA.)

سَارِحٌ is also used as a subst., signifying A pastor who sends forth, or sets free, camels, or cattle, to pasture, or to pasture where they please, by themselves, or who sends them forth in the morning to the pasturage: and a people, or party, having camels, or cattle, pasturing, or pasturing where they please, by themselves, or sent forth in the morning to the pasturage. (TA.)

مَسْرَحٌ A place of pasturage: (Ḳ:) or a place into which beasts are sent forth, or sent forth in the morning, to pasture: (O:) pl. مَسَارِحُ. (TA.) لَهُ إِبِلٌ قَلِيلَاتُ المَسَارِحِ occurs in a trad., of UmmZara, meaning [He has camels whose places of pasturage are few; i. e.] his camels do not go forth into distant pasturage, but lie down in his outer court, or yard, in order that they may be near by to supply the guests with their milk and their flesh. (TA.)

مِسْرَحٌ A comb. (O, Ḳ.)

And [the dual] مِسْرَحَانِ Two wooden things, or two pieces of wood, [composing a yoke,] that are bound upon the neck of the bull with which one ploughs. (AḤn, TA.)

مِسْرَحَةٌ An instrument with which hair and flax or the like are separated and combed. (TA.)

مَسْرُوحٌ The سَرَاب [or mirage]: (Ḳ: [in some copies of which, الشَّرَابُ is put in the place of السَّرَابُ:]) mentioned on the authority of Th; but he was not sure of its correctness: (TA:) a dial. var. of مَشْرُوحٌ in this sense. (TA in art. شرح.)

مُنْسَرِحٌ; and its fem. with ة {مُنْسَرِحَةٌ}: see سُرُحٌ, in two places.

Also the former, (Ḳ, TA,) applied to a man, (TA,) Lying upon his back, or lying as though thrown down or extended, and parting his legs. (Ḳ, TA.)

And Denuded, or divested, of his clothes; or making himself to be so: or having few clothes; lightly clad: (TA:) or coming, or going, forth from his clothes; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) or so مُنْسَرِحٌ مِنْ ثِيَابِهِ. (A.) [Hence,] one says, هُوَ مُنْسَرِحٌ مِنْ أَثْوَابِ الكَرَمِ ‡ He is divested, or divesting himself, of the apparel of generosity. (A.)

And [applied to a camel as meaning] Divested of his وَبَر [i. e. fur, or soft hair]. (TA.)

المُنْسَرِحُ is also the name of A kind of verse; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) [namely, the tenth;] the [full] measure of which is

* مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ مَفْعُولَاتُ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ *

twice. (O.)