Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَنَد إِلَيْهِ, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَسْنُدُ}, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb,) inf. n. سُنُودٌ; (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ;) and سَنِدَ, aor. ـَ {يَسْنَدُ}; (Mṣb;) andاستند↓, [which is the most common,] (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) andتساند↓, (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ,) andاسند↓; (M, TA;) signify the same; (Ṣ, M,* Mṣb, Ḳ *;) i. e. He (a man, Ṣ, Mṣb, [and in like manner it is said of a thing,]) leaned, rested, or stayed himself, against it, or upon it; syn. اِعْتَمَدَ; (TḲ;) [or اعتمد عَلَيْهِ;] namely, a thing, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb,) or a wall, (A, Mṣb,), &c. (Mṣb.)

سَنَدَفِى الجَبَلِ, (M, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَسْنُدُ}, inf. n. سُنُودٌ, (M,) He ascended the mountain; as alsoاسند↓. (M, Ḳ.) And [hence,]أَسْنَدْتُ↓ إِلَى فُلَانٍ ‡ I ascended to such a one. (A.)

And سَنَدَ فِى الخَمْسِينَ, (M, and so in some copies of the Ḳ,) or لِلْخَمْسِينَ, (so in other copies of the Ḳ,) ‡ He approached, or drew near to, [the age of] fifty: (Ḳ, TA:) [likewise] from سَنَدَ فِى الجَبَلِ. (M, TA.*)

سَنَدَ ذَنَبُ النَّاقَةِ, (Ḳ,) orأَسْنَدَ↓, (so in the O,) The tail of the she-camel tossed about, and lashed her croup, or rump, on the right and left. (O, Ḳ.)

سنّد, inf. n. تَسْنِيدٌ, He set up [pieces of] wood [as stays, or props,] against a wall. (KL. [See the pass. part. n., below. And see also 3 and 4.])

Also, inf. n. as above, He (a man) wore, or clad himself with, the kind of بُرْد called سَنَد. (IAạr, Ḳ.)

سَانَدْتُهُ إِلَى الشَّىْءَ: see 4. [Hence,] سُونِدَ المَرِيضُ [The sick man was stayed, or propped up, against a pillow or the like]: and قَالَ سَانِدُونِى [He (the sick man) said, Stay ye me, or prop ye me up]. (A, TA.) And يُسَانِدُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا [One part of it stays, or supports, and so renders firm or strong, another part]. (Sh, O, Ḳ. [See مُسَانَدَةٌ.])

[And hence,] سُونِدَ خَلْقُهَا, referring to a she-camel, † Her frame, or make, was symmetrical; or conformable in its several parts. (Ḥam p. 783.)

And ساندهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُسَانَدَةٌ, (Ṣ,) He aided, or assisted, him; namely, another man. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And ‡ He requited, compensated, or recompensed, him, (A, Ḳ, TA,) عَلَى العَمَلِ [for work, or for the work or deed]. (Ḳ.)

أَسْنَدْتُهُ إِلَى الشَّىْءَ (AZ, Ṣ,* M,* Mṣb, Ḳ * TA) I made him, or it, to lean, rest, or stay himself or itself, against, or upon, the thing; (TḲ;) andسَانَدْتُهُ↓ إِلَيْهِ signifies the same. (AZ, TA.) You say, اسند ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى الحَائِطِ He leaned his back against the wall. (MA.) And اسندهُ He stayed, propped, or supported, it; namely, a thing leaning; syn. دَعَمَهُ. (TA in art. دعم.)

[Hence,] أَسْنَدْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرِى ‡ [I rested, or stayed, upon him my affair]. (A.)

And اسند الحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَائِلِهِ (T, M,* L, Mṣb,) inf. n. إِسْنَادٌ [q. v. infrà], (Ṣ, &c.,) ‡ He traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, the tradition to the author thereof, [resting it upon his authority,] (T, Ṣ, M, L, Mṣb, TA,) by mentioning him, (Mṣb,) or by mentioning, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, the persons by whom it had been transmitted, up to the Prophet; (T, L, KT;) [or by mentioning the person who had related it to him from the Prophet if only one person intervened;] saying, “Such a one told me, from such a one,” [and so on, if more than one intervened between him and the Prophet,] “from the Apostle of God;” (KT;) [or it may be with an interruption in the mention of the person by whom it had been transmitted: see مُسْنَدٌ, below.]

إِسْنَادُ أَمْرٍ إِلَى آخَرَ إِيجَابًا أَوْ سَلْبًا [is a conventional phrase, used in logic, meaning † The judging a thing to stand to another thing in the relation of an attribute to its subject, affirmatively or negatively]. (Kull p. 157, in explanation of الحُكْمُ as a logical term [meaning “judgment”].)

[إِسْنَادٌ مَجَازِىٌّ is another conventional term, used in lexicology and rhetoric, meaning † A tropical attribution of an act or a quality or a meaning; as in عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ for مَرْضِيَّةٌ, and in زَبُونٌ (q. v.) in one of its senses: see Ḥar p. 432]

[أُسْنِدَ الفِعْلُ إِلَى زَيْدٍ, another conventional phrase, is said of the verb in the phrases قَامَ زَيْدٌ and ضُزِبَ زَيْدٌ and زَيْدٌ قَامَ meaning The verb is made an attributive to Zeyd: and, in an unusual manner, it is said (in the Mṣb in art. سلب) of the verb in the saying سَلَبْتُ زَيْدًا ثَوْبَهُ; so that it means in this instance The verb is made to have Zeyd for its object. And أُسْنِدَ إِلَيْهِ فَاعِلَانِ فَصَاعِدًا is said (in the TA in art. سوى) of the verb in the phrase اِسْتَوَى زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو وَخَالِدٌ فِى هٰذَا; so that it means Two and more agents are assigned to it.]

اسندهُ فِى الجَبَلِ He made him to ascend the mountain. (Ḳ.)

اسند as an intrans. verb: see 1, in four places.

You say also, اسند فِى العَدْوِ, (M, L,) inf. n. إِسْنَادٌ (L,) He was vehement in running; he strove, laboured, or exerted himself, therein. (M, L.)

And He (a camel) went a pace between that called ذَمِيلٌ and that called هَمْلَجَةٌ. (L.)

see 1, first sentence.

تساند القَوْمُ means The people went forth, every commander of them with a [separate] corps. (Ḥam p. 783.) [See also the act. part. n. below.]

سِنْدٌ, (Ṣ, L,) or السِّنْدُ, (M, L, Ḳ,) A certain country, (Ṣ, L, Ḳ,) well known, (Ḳ,) said in the “Marásid” to be a country between India (الهِنْد) and Karmán and Sijistán: (TA:) or a people; (Ḳ;) [the people of that country;] a well-known nation; (M, L;) a nation bordering upon India, whose colours incline to yellowness, and who are generally slender: (Mgh:) or one of these meanings is the original of the other: (TA:) سِنْدِىٌّ↓ signifies a single person thereof: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) and سِنْدٌ is the pl., (Ḳ,) or [rather] is applied to the people collectively; (Ṣ;) these two words being like زِنْجِىُّ and زِنْجٌ: (TA:) the pl. of سِنْدٌ is سُنُودٌ and أَسْنَادٌ. (M, L.) السِّنْدُ is also the name of A great river of الهِنْد [or India; i. e. the Indus]: and of a district in El-Andalus: and of a town in Western Africa (المَغْرِب). (Ḳ.)

سَنَدٌ The part that faces one, of a mountain, and rises from (عَن) the سَفْح [i. e. base, or foot]; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) the acclivity, or rising part, in the face, or front, [or side,] of a mountain or a valley: (T, M, A:) or a rising, or an elevated, portion of ground: (Mgh:) pl. أَسْنَادٌ, (M, A,) [properly a pl. of pauc., but] the only pl. form. (M.)

A thing, such as a wall, &c., against, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself: (Mgh, Mṣb:) andمِسْنَدٌ↓ andمُسْنَدٌ↓ [the latter in the TA said to be with fet-ḥ, but this is evidently a mistake, occasioned by a copyist's writing ويفتح for ويضمّ,] signify [the same,] a thing against, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself; [and the former of these two particularly signifies a cushion, or pillow, and more particularly a large cushion or pillow, against which one leans; as expl. by Golius on the authority of Meyd;] pl. مَسَانِدُ. (L, Mṣb.)

Applied to a man, i. q. مُعْتَمَدٌ [meaning ‡ A person upon whom one leans, rests, stays himself, or relies]; (Ṣ;) a man's مُعْتَمَد [i. e. ‡ stay, support, or object of reliance]; (Ḳ, TA;) as alsoمُسْتَنَدٌ↓. (TA.) You say سَيِّدٌ سَنَدٌ ‡ [A lord, or chief, upon whom people lean,, &c.]. (A, TA.) And هُوَسَنَدِى andمُسْتَنَدِى↓ ‡ [He is my stay, support, or object of reliance]. (A.) And حَدِيثٌ قَوِىُّ السَّنَدِ ‡ [A tradition valid in respect of the authority upon which it rests, or to which it is traced up or ascribed]. (A, TA. [See also إِسْنَادٌ, below.])

See also مُسْنَدٌ.

Also A sort of garment of the kind called بُرُود, (IAạr, Ḳ,) of the fabric of El-Yemen: (IAạr:) pl. أَسْنَادٌ: (Ḳ:) or the pl. is like the sing.: (IAạr, Ḳ:) one says أَثْوَابٌ سَنَدٌ [meaning garments of the kind called سَنَد]: (TA, from a trad.:) Ibn-Buzurj says that السَّنَدُ means الأَسْنَادُ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ, i. e. garments of those called بُرُود: and he cites, from a poet, the phrase جُبَّةُ أَسْنَادٍ, which, he says, means a red jubbeh of those [made] of what are called بُرُود. (TA.) Accord. to Lth, it signifies A sort of clothing, [consisting of] a shirt with a shirt over it: and in like manner, short shirts made of pieces of cloth, one whereof is concealed beneath another: whatever appears (كُلُّ مَا ظَهَرَ) thereof is termed سِمْطٌ [q. v.]: (O:) [this app. explains the meaning of what here follows:] السَّنَدُ is [a term used in the case of] thy wearing a long shirt beneath a shirt shorter than it. (M.)

سِنْدِىٌّ: see سِنْدٌ [of which it is the n. un.].

سَنْدَانٌ, with fet-ḥ, (Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) orسِنْدَانٌ↓, (thus in a copy of the M, [and thus I have generally found it written, agreeably with the common modern pronunciation,]) The عَلَاة, (M,) or زُبْرَة, (Mṣb,) [both meaning anvil,] of the blacksmith. (Mṣb, Ḳ.)

سِنْدَانٌ Great and strong; applied to a man and to a wolf. (Ḳ.)

See also the next preceding paragraph.

سِنْدَانَةٌ A she-ass [either domestic or wild: probably the latter, because of her strength]. (Ḳ.)

سِنْدِيَانٌ [The ilex, or evergreen oak; so called in the present day;] a kind of tree. (TA.) [See إِسْنَادٌ.]

سِنَادٌ applied to a she-camel, (Ṣ, M, &c.,) Strong: (Ḳ:) or strong in make: (AA, Ṣ:) or tall in the hump: (M:) or long in the legs, (A, L,) and elevated [so I render مسندة, conjecturally, as though meaning propped up,] in the hump: (L:) or lean, and lank in the belly; (AO, M, L;) but Sh disapproves of this last explanation. (L.)

[أَسْنَدُ a comparative and superlative epithet from أَسْنَدَ الحَدِيثَ, q. v., though (like أَسْوَدُ and أَبْيَضُ when used as epithets of this kind) deviating from a general rule, which requires that such an epithet be formed from an unaugmented triliteralradical verb]. You say أَسْنَدُ لِلْحَدِيثِ, meaning أَنَصُّ لَهُ, q. v. (TA in art. نص.)

إِسْنَادٌ inf. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Ṣ, &c.)

[Used as a simple subst., signifying ‡ The ascription of a tradition to an authority in the manner expl. voce أَسْنَدَ it has a pl., namely, أَسَانِيدُ; as in the saying,] الأَسَانِيدُ قَوَائِمُ الأَحَادِيثِ ‡ [The ascriptions to authorities, whereon they rest,, &c., are the foundations of traditions]. (A, TA. [See also سَنَدٌ.])

Also used in the sense sf رِوَايَةٌ [q. v., as a simple subst.]: pl. as above. (Ḥar p. 32.)

Also A certain kind of tree. (M.) [In the TA, it is said that the name commonly known is سِنْدِيَان: but I think that this is a mistake: see the latter word.]

مَسْنَدٌ A place in, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself: [and hence applied to a couch, and a throne:] pl. مَسَانِدُ. (KL. [See also مُسْنَدٌ, voce سَنَدٌ.])

مُسْنَدٌ [pass. part. n. of 4, Made to lean, rest,, &c., against, or upon, a thing: and stayed, propped, or supported; or set up.]

[Hence used in the sense of مِسْنَدٌ, as being a thing set up]: see سَنَدٌ.

Also ‡ A tradition (حَدِيثٌ) traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, to the author thereof, (T, L, Ḳ, TA,) [rested on his authority by the mention of him, (see 4,) or] by the mention, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, of the persons by whom it has been transmitted, up to the Prophet; (T, L, KT;) [or by the mention of him who has related it from the Prophet when only one has intervened;] opposed to مُرْسَلٌ and مُنْقِطِعٌ; (T, L;) or it may be منقطع, i. e. interrupted in the mention of the persons by whom it has been transmitted: (KT:) pl. مَسَانِدُ, (Ḳ,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and مَسَانِيدُ, (Esh-Sháfiʼee, Ḳ,) which latter has ى added to render the sound of the kesreh more full; or, accord. to some, it is a dial. var.; and accord. to some, agreeable with analogy. (TA.)

And i. q. دَعِىٌّ [as meaning † One who claims as his father a person who is not his father; or an adopted son; or one whose origin, or lineage, or parentage, is suspected]; (Ṣ, M, L, Ḳ;) as alsoسَنِيدٌ↓; (M, L, Ḳ; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce أَسَرُّ;]) opposed to كَرِيمٌ. (L.)

المُسْنَدُ, accord. to Sb, signifies † The first portion [i. e. the subject] of a proposition; and المُسْنَدُ إِلَيْهِ, † the second portion [i. e. the attribute, or predicate,] thereof: (M, L:) of, accord. to Kh, a proposition consists of a سَنَد↓ and a مُسْنَد إِلَيْه; and in the phrase عَبْدُ ٱللّٰهِ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ, [for ex.,] عبد ٱللّٰه is a سند, and رجل صالح is a مسند اليه: (O, L:) [but accord. to other authors, and general modern usage, and agreeably with the proper meanings of the terms, المُسْنَدُ (meaning the attributed) signifies the attribute, or predicate; and المُسْنَدُ إِلَيْهِ, (meaning that to which a thing or an accident is attributed) signifies the subject.]

Also The Himyeree, or Himyeritic, character of writing; the character of Himyer; (Ṣ, M, A, O, Ḳ;) differing from the modern Arabic character: (Ṣ, O:) they used to write it commonly in the days of their rule; and AḤát says that it continued in use among them in El-Yemen in his day [i. e. in the latter half of the second century of the Flight and the former half of the third century]: (M, TA:) Abu-l-ʼAbbás says, المُسْنَدُ was the language of the sons of Seth; (O, TA;) [i. e. the language written in the character so called;] and the like is said in the “Sirr es-Siná'ah” of IJ. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., vol. ii., p. 122 of the Ar. text, and 311 of the transl.]

And i. q. الدَّهْرُ [i. e. Time, from the beginning of the world to its end; or time absolutely; or a long time; or a long unlimited time; or time without end;, &c.]. (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ.) So in the saying, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ آخِرَ المُسْنَدِ [I will not do it to the end of time]. (A, TA.) One says also, لَا آتِيهِ يَدَ المُسْنَدِ, meaning [I will not do it, or I will not come to him or it,] ever. (IAạr, TA.)

مُسَنَّدٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. In the phrase خُشُبٌ مُسَنَّدَةٌ, [in the Ḳur lxiii. 4, meaning Pieces of wood made to lean, or incline, against a wall, (Jel,)] the latter word is with teshdeed because of its relation to many objects (لِلْكَثْرَةِ). (Ṣ.)

مُسَنَّدَةٌ also signifies A certain sort of cloths, or garments; and soمَسْنَدِيَّةٌ↓. (M, TA.)

مُسَانَدَةٌ (O, Ḳ, and Ḥam p. 783, in the CK and TḲ [erroneously] مُسَانِدَةٌ) † A she-camel having the breast and fore part prominent: (Aṣ, O, Ḳ:) or whereof one part of her frame stays, or supports, (يُسَانِدُ,) [and so renders firm or strong,] another part: (Sh, O, Ḳ:) or having prominent withers: (Ibn-Buzurj, L:) or strong in the back: or whose frame, or make, is symmetrical, or conformable in its several parts: or, as some say, whose frame, or make, is dissimilar, or unconformable, in its several parts; because the hump differs from the other parts; so that it is from the phrase تَسَانَدَ القَوْمُ meaning as expl. above [see 6]: (Ḥam p. 783:) and مُسَانَدَةُ القَرَا ‡ a she-camel hard, firmly compacted, in the back. (M, L, TA.)

خَرَجَا مُتَسَانِدَيْنِ ‡ They two went forth aiding, or assisting, each other; (A,* L, TA;) as though each of them leaned, or stayed himself, upon the other, and aided himself by him. (L, TA.) The latter word is used, in this sense, of two men going on a hostile, or hostile and plundering, expedition: and of two wolves attacking a person. (A.) And one says, خَرَجُوا مُتَسَانِدِينَ, meaning ‡ They went forth under sundry, or different, banners, or standards, (Ṣ, A, M, L, Ḳ,*) every party by itself, (A, L,) the sons of one father under one [separate] banner, (L,) not all under the banner of one commander. (Ṣ, L. Ḳ.)