Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَنَا, [aor. يَسْنُو,] inf. n. سُنُوٌّ and سِنَايَةٌ and سِنَاوَةٌ, i. q. سَقَى [as meaning He watered, or irrigated, land]. (M.) [Hence,] one saysأَرْضٌ مَسْنُوَّةٌ↓ andمَسْنِيَّةٌ↓, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) meaning Watered, or irrigated, land: (M:) the و in مَسْنِيَّةٌ being changed into ى, (Ṣ, M,) in the opinion of Sb, (M,) like as it is in قِنْيَةٌ; (Ṣ;) for he knew not سَنَيْتُهَا [as meaning I watered it], holding مَسْنِيَّةٌ to be from [سَنَاهَا having for its aor.] يَسْنُوهَا. (M.) One says [also], سَنَتِ النَّاقَةُ, aor. تَسْنُو, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. [as above, or] سِنَاوَةٌ and سِنَايَةٌ, (TA,) The she-camel watered, or irrigated, land. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) And السَّحَابَةُ تَسْنُو الأَرْضَ (Ṣ, Mṣb) The cloud waters the land. (Mṣb.) And سَنَاكَ الغَيْثُ † [The rain gave thee water for thy land, or may the rain give thee water], inf. n. سنو and سنى [app. سُنُوٌّ and سُنِىٌّ]. (TA.) And السَّحَابُ يَسْنُو المَطَرَ † [The clouds send down rain]. (TA.) And سَنَتِ السَّحَابَةُ بِالمَطَرِ † [The cloud watered, or irrigated, with rain], aor. تَسْنُو and تَسْنِى. (M, TA.) And سَنَتِ السَّمَآءُ, aor. تَسْنُو, inf. n. سُنُوٌّ, ‡ The sky rained. (TA.)

سَنَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, aor. تَسْنِى; (M in art. سنى;) or سَنِيَت, (Ḳ,* TA,) aor. تَسْنَى, like تَرْضَى; (Ḳ, TA;) The beast [by which is app. meant, in the M, the horse, for it is there added وَغَيْرُهَا, meaning that the verb is said in like manner of other animals, which is the case, for it is generally said of a camel,] was used for the drawing of water upon it [to irrigate land: see سَانِيَةٌ, below]. (M, Ḳ.) And سَنَا, aor. يَسْنُو, said of a beast [turning a water-wheel], He turned round about the well. (R, TA.) And القَوْمُ يَسْنُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. سِنَايَةٌ, and sometimes سانِيَةٌ, (TA,) The people, or party, draw water for themselves; (Ṣ, Ḳ; [in some copies of the former of which, إِذَا أَسْقَوْا is erroneously put for إِذَا ٱسْتَقَوْا, the reading in both of my copies;]) and soاِسْتَنَوْأَ↓ لانفسهم. (M,* TA.) And سَنَا عَلَى البَعِيرِ, inf. n. سَنَايَةٌ [app. a mistranscription for سِنَايَةٌ], He drew water upon the camel; which camel is termed سَانِيَةٌ. (MA.) And بَعِيرٌ يُسْنَى عَلَيْهِ A camel upon which water is drawn. (Mgh and Mṣb in explanation of سَانِيَةٌ.) And بِئْرٌ يُسْنَى مِنْهَا [A well from which water is drawn, app. by means of the camel called سَانِيَة]. (M.) And سَنَوْتُ الدَّلْوَ, inf. n. سِنَايَةٌ, I drew the bucket from the well. (TA.)

سَنَتِ النَّارُ, (M, Ḳ,) aor. تَسْنُو, inf. n. سَنَآءٌ, (M,) The fire became high in its light. (M, Ḳ.) And سَنَا البَرْقُ, (M, Ḳ,) aor. يَسْنُو, inf. n. سَنَآءٌ, (TA,) The lightning shone, shone brightly, or gleamed: (M, Ḳ, TA:) [or gleamed upwards, or shot up: for, in the Ḳur xxiv. 43,] some read, يَكَادُ سَنَآءُ بَرْقِهِ يَدْهَبُ بِٱلْأَبْصَارِ, meaning The rising and gleaming upwards of his lightning [nearly taketh away the sight, lit. sights]; others reading سَنَا, of which سَنَآء is not a dial. var. (M.) Andاسنى↓ البَرْقُ signifies [in like manner] The lightning shone, or gleamed; or diffused itself, and rose. (M.) And سَنَا إِلَى مَعَالِى الأُمُورِ † He rose [or aspired] to the means of attaining eminence. (M.) And سَنُوَ فِى حَسَبِهِ, inf. n. سَنَآءٌ, † He became high, or exalted, in his grounds of pretension to respect or honour. (M.) And سَنِىَ, like رَضِىَ, He (a man, TA) was, or became, high, or exalted, in rank. (Ḳ,* TA.)

See also 2, in two places.

And see 5.

سنّاهُ, (M, TA,) inf. n. تَسْنِيَةٌ, (TA,) He ascended, rose, mounted, got, was, or became, upon it, namely, a thing; (M, TA;) as alsoتسنّاهُ↓. (M.) Andتسنّى↓ البَعِيرُ النَّاقَةَ The he-camel mounted the she-camel to compress her. (Ḳ.)

And سنّاهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. as above, (Ḳ,) He opened it; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) namely, a knot, and a lock: (TA:) and made it easy. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA. [In the last of these, said to be tropical.]) A poet says,

* وَأَعْلَمُ عِلْمًا لَيْسَ بِالظَّنِّ أَنَّهُ *

* إِذَا ٱللّٰهُ سَنَّى عَقْدَ شَىْءٍ تَيَسَّرَا *

[And I know with a knowledge that is not mere opinion, that, when God opens, and makes easy, the tying, or knotting, of a thing, it becomes easy]. (Ṣ.) And one says, سَنَّيْتُ الشَّىْءَ, and الأَمْرَ, † I opened the way of doing the thing, and the affair. (TA.) Andسَنَيْتُ↓ البَابَ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. سنى [app. سَنْىٌ], (TA,) I opened the door; as alsoسَنَوْتُهُ↓; (Ḳ, TA;) the verb in this sense having ى and و for its last radical. (TA.)

See also 5.

سَانَيْتُ الرَّجُلَ, (Ṣ, M,* Ḳ,*) inf. n. مُسَانَاةٌ (TA) [and سِنَآءٌ (see what I have said respecting a verse cited voce سِنٌّ)], ‡ I vied with the man in being pleased, well pleased, or content; or I agreed, consented, accorded, or was of one mind or opinion, with him: (Ṣ, M,* Ḳ:*) and I treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, or coaxed, him: and behaved well to him in my social intercourse with him: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or مُسَانَاةٌ signifies the treating one with gentleness, or blandishment, in suing for a thing: (Az, TA:) or the endeavouring to conciliate one. (TA.)

And ساناهُ, inf. n. مُسَانَاْةٌ and سِنَآءٌ, He hired him for [or by] the year; (M, Ḳ;) or he made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year; like سَانَهَهُ: (Ḳ in art. سنه:) and عَامَلَهُ مُسَانَاةً and اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مَسَانَاةً signify the same as مُسَانَهَةً [q. v.]. (M, TA.)

اسناهُ He raised, exalted, or elevated, him, or it. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

اسنى النَّارَ He raised the light of the fire. (M.)

اسنى لَهُ الجَائِزَةَ He raised [in value], to him, the جائزة [i. e. gift, or present]. (TA.) And أَسْنَيْنَا لَهُ الجَعَالَةَ We made much and high [in amount], to him, the pay. (Ḥar p. 134.)

And اسنى جِوَارَهُ i. q. أَحْسَنَهُ [app. meaning He made good his covenant of protection]. (TA.)

اسنى البَرْقُ The lightning sent its light into the house, or tent, or chamber: or fell upon the ground: or flew along in the clouds; (Ḳ, TA;) or, sometimes, elsewhere, not in the clouds: but it is only in the night. (TA.) See also another explanation near the end of the first paragraph.

اسنى القَوْمُ, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) inf. n. إِسْنَآءٌ, (Ṣ) The people, or party, tarried a year (Ṣ, Ḳ) in a place: (Ṣ:) or it signifies أَتَى عَلَيْهِمُ العَامُ [the year passed over them; meaning they remained to the end of the year]. (M.) But أَسْنَتُوا signifies They were afflicted with drought, or barrenness: (Ṣ, M,* Ḳ: [Freytag has erroneously assigned this signification to اِسْتَنَوْا:]) the و, (Ṣ,) or the ى, which is originally و, (M,) being changed into ت, (Ṣ, M,) to distinguish between this verb and اسنى in the sense expl. above. (Ṣ. [See art. سنت.])

تسنّى: see 2, in two places.

Also i. q. رقى رقية [in the CK رَقٰى رُقْيَةً, and in my MṢ. copy of the Ḳ رَقَا رُقْيَةً, but correctly رَقِىَ, meaning He ascended: agreeably with this rendering, the inf. n. is expl. in the TḲ as meaning يوكسكه چقمق:] said of a man. (Ḳ,* TA.)

Also It opened, or became opened or open: said of a lock [&c.]. (TA.)

It was, or became, facilitated, or easy; and ready, or prepared. (Ḥar pp. 159 and 508.)

And i. q. تَسَهَّلَ فِى أُمُورِهِ, said of a man, (Ḳ,) i. e. He found, or experienced, ease, or facility, in his affairs. (TḲ.)

Also i. q. تَرَضَّى: so in the phrase تسنّى فُلَانًا [He sought to please, content, or satisfy, such a one; or he pleased, contented, or satisfied, such a one, after striving, labouring, or toiling]: (Ḳ:) but it is said in the M, [app. a mistake, perhaps for the T, for in the M I do not find it,] that سنيت فلانا [by which may be meant either سَنَيْتُ↓ orسَنَّيْتُ↓] means ترضّيته. (TA.)

تَسَنَّيْتُ عِنْدَهُ I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, with him, or at his abode, a year; like تَسَنَّهْتُ عِنْدَهُ: (Mṣb in art. سنه:) or it means أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ سُنَيَّاتِ↓ [I remained, &c., with him, or at his abode, some years; three or more, to ten, years]. (TA.)

Hence, (TA,) تسنّى signifies also It became altered [for the worse], (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) accord. to Er-Rághib, so that it lost its freshness, by the lapse of years: (TA: [see also تَسَنَّهَ:]) but accord. to AA, it is from the phrase in the Ḳur [xv. 26 and 28 and 33] مِنْ حَمَأٍ مَسْنُونٍ; one of the ن s being changed into ى; and is similar to تَقَضَّى for تَقَضَّضَ. (Ṣ, TA.)

اِسْتَنَوْا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ: see 1.

استنى النَّارَ He looked at the light of the fire. (IAạr, M.)

سَنًا Light: (Mṣb, MF:) or the light of lightning, (Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) and of fire: (M:) or the point, or extremity, of the light of lightning: (T, TA:) or light shining or gleaming, or diffusing itself and rising: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or a high light: and applied also to the shining, or gleaming, of weapons: (Ḥam p. 271:) MF says that the apparent particularization in the Ḳ [&c.] seems to have been taken from the verse of the Ḳur [xxiv. 43], and that the word is correctly a general term, meaning as expl. in the Mṣb: (TA:) [it is originally سَنَوٌ, though mentioned in the Ḳ as belonging to art. سنى; for] the dual is سَنَوَانِ: Aṣ knew not a verb belonging to it. (TA.)

Also [The cassia senna of Linn.; the common senna of medicine; so called in the present day; and also called سَنَامَكَّة, and سَنَا حِجَازِىّ;] a certain plant, (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) used as a medicine; (Ṣ, TA;) and recommended in a trad.; (TA;) an attenuant of the yellow bile and the black bile and the phlegm, (Ḳ, TA,) howsoever used; (TA;) [and] used as a collyrium; (M;) AḤn describes it as a shrub, or small tree, of the [class called] أَغْلَاث [pl. of غَلَثٌ], which is mixed with حِنَّآء, and improves and strengthens its colour, and blackens it; and which has a fruit of such kind that, when it dries up, and is put in motion by the wind, it causes to be heard a sound such as is termed زَجَل [q. v.]: (M in arts. سنو and سنى, and TA:) its name is as above andسَنَآءٌ↓: (M, Ḳ:) and the n. un. is سَنَاةٌ and سَنَآءَةٌ: (M in arts. سنو and سنى:) the dual of سَنًا is سَنَيَانِ, and some say سَنَوَانِ. (M in art. سنى.) [Accord. to a gloss. in a copy of the Ṣ, as stated by Golius, the dual سَنَوَانِ is applied to The leaves of cyprus (or حِنَّآء) and senna mixed together, with which the hair is dyed black.] In the phrase سَنَا المِسْكِ, in a verse of El-Jaadee, the plant [above mentioned] may be meant, as though it were mixed with musk: or it may be from سَنًا signifying “light;” because the diffusion of odour is like that of light. (M.)

سَنَا, (JM,) or سَنَا سَنَا, (TA,) without teshdeed, and also with teshdeed, to the ن, is an Abyssinian expression, meaning حَسُنَ [q. v.], (JM, TA,) occurring in a trad. of Umm-Khálid; but it is differently related; some saying سَنَهْ سَنَهْ; and some, سَنَان; and pronouncing each with, as well as without, teshdeed: so in the Nh. (TA.)

طَعَامٌ سَنٍ [Food, or wheat,] that has undergone the lapse of years; as also سَنِهٌ. (AZ, TA in art. سنه.)

سَنَةٌ, applied to a portion of time, (M,) signifying A year, syn. حَوْلٌ, (Mgh,) or عَامٌ, (Ḳ,) but a distinction is made between عَامٌ and سَنَةٌ, [as has been stated in art. سنه,] (TA,) belongs to arts. سنو and سنه [in both of which it is mentioned in many of the lexicons: see what has been said respecting it in art. سنه in the present work]: (M:) accord. to Suh, in the R, it is from سَنَا, aor. يَسْنُو, said of a beast [turning a water-wheel], meaning “he turned round about the well;” so that it signifies a single revolution of the sun; and it is sometimes termed دَارٌ: he says also that it is longer than the عَام, which is applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively]: but سَنَةٌ is also applied to twelve revolutions of the moon: the سَنَة شَمْسِيَّة [or solar year] is three hundred and sixty-five days and a quarter of a day: and the سَنَة قَمَرِيَّة [or lunar year] is three hundred and fifty-four days and a third of a day: it is also said, on the authority of Er-Rághib, that سَنَةٌ is used as denoting a year in which is difficulty, and drought, or barrenness, or dearth; and عَامٌ, as denoting that in which is ampleness of the means, or circumstances, of life, and abundance of herbage or the like; and by this is explained the nice point in the words of the Ḳur [xxix. 13], أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ إِلَّا خَمْسِينَ عَامًا [a thousand years save fifty years]; because the fifty years passed before the mission of the prophet [Noah], before which no harm happened to him from his people; but after his mission, the years were difficult to him. (TA.) [Respecting the dims., (which are سُنّيَّةٌ and سُنَيْهَةٌ, the former accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ, and the latter accord. to those who make it to be سَنْهَةٌ,) and the pls., (which are سَنَوَاتٌ and سَنَهَاتٌ and سِنُونَ and سُنُونَ and سِنِينٌ and سِنِينَ, the last whereof is originally سِنِينٌ, and سُنِىٌّ also,) see سَنَةٌ in art. سنه]

[Also respecting سَنَةٌ used alone as signifying ‡ Drought, or barrenness, or vehement or intense drought, see that word in art. سنه.]

[Also respecting the same word used as an epithet, applied to land (أَرْضٌ), as meaning ‡ Affected with drought or barrenness, like سَنْوَآءُ and سَنْهَآءُ, see that same word in art. سنه.]

سَنَةٌ سَنْوَآءُ † A hard, rigorous, or distressing, year. (M, Ḳ.) And أَرْضٌ سَنْوَآءٌ † A land affected with drought or barrenness [like أَرْضٌ سَنَةٌ]. (TA.) [See also سَنْهَآءُ, in art. سنه.]

سَنَآءٌ inf. n. of سَنَت said of fire, (M,) and of سَنَا said of lightning, (TA,) and of سَنُوَ. (M.)

[Used as a simple subst.,] High, or exalted, rank or condition. (Ṣ,* Mṣb, Ḳ, TA.)

See also سَنًا.

سَنِىٌّ High, or exalted, in rank or condition: (Ṣ, M:) as alsoسَنَايَا↓, applied to a man. (Ḳ,* TA.)

سُنَيَّةٌ dim. of سَنَةٌ, (Ṣ and Mṣb in art. سنه,) accord. to those who make the latter word to be originally سَنْوَةٌ: (Mṣb in that art.:) pl. سُنَيَّاتٌ. (Ḳ and TA in that art., and TA in the present art.) See 5, last sentence but one; and see also سَنَةٌ, in art. سنه, in four places.

أَخَذَهُ بِسِنَايَتِهِ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and بِصِنَايَتِهِ (Ṣ) He took it wholly. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

سَانٍ Watering: [and drawing water:] applied [as an epithet] to a man and to a camel: pl. سُنَاةٌ; which is applied by Lebeed to men [as meaning] drawing water by means of سَوَانٍ [pl. of سَانِيَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.)

سَانِيَةٌ [a subst. from سَانٍ, made so by the affix ة,] A she-camel, (Ṣ,* M, Ḳ,) or a camel, (Mgh, Mṣb,) a he-camel as well as a she-camel, (TA,) upon which water is drawn (Ṣ,* M, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA) from a [deep] well (Mgh, Mṣb) [by a man riding or leading it away from the well, it having the two extremities of a long rope tied to the saddle, and the upper end of the wellrope being tied to the middle of the former rope, as expl. voce ثِنَايَةٌ]; i. q. نَاضِحَةٌ: (Ṣ, TA:) [it seems also to signify, sometimes, a camel that carries water for irrigating seed-produce; a meaning likewise assigned to نَاضِحَةٌ and نَاضِحٌ:] and a beast (دابّة) that turns round about a well [raising water from it by means of the machine called دُولَاب]: (R, TA:) pl. سَوَانٍ. (Ṣ, Mgh, TA.) Hence the prov.,

* سَيْرُ السَّوَانِى سَفَرٌ لَا يَنْقَطِعْ *

[The course of the beasts that draw water in either of the ways described above is a journey that does not end]. (Ṣ, Mgh, TA.)

Also the غَرْب [or large bucket with which water is drawn] together with its gear, or apparatus. (M, Mgh, Ḳ.)

And † A cloud watering the earth. (Mṣb.)

أَرْضٌ مَسْنُوَّةٌ and مَسْنِيَّةٌ: see 1, second sentence.

مُسَنَّاةٌ i. q. عَرِمٌ [q. v.]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [or rather] A dam; i. e. a thing constructed [or raised] to keep back the water of a torrent; (Mgh;) a [kind of] wall built in the face of water: (Mṣb in art. سن:) so called because there are in it sluices, or openings for the water, according to what may be required; from سَنَّيْتُ الشَّىْءَ, and الأَمْرَ, expl. above: so in the T: (TA:) pl. مُسَنَّيَاتٌ. (MA.)

مَسْنَوِيَّةٌ, (M, TA,) or بِئْرٌ مَسْنَوِيَّةٌ, (Az, TA,) A well (Az, M, TA) of which the rope is long, (Az, TA,) from which one draws water only by means of the camel called سَانِيَة. (Az, M,* TA.)