Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

سَهَا عَنْهُ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) or فِيهِ, (Ḳ,) aor. يَسْهُو, inf. n. سَهْوٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and سُهُوٌّ, (M, Ḳ,) He was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, or heedless, of it, or inadvertent to it; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) namely, a thing; syn. غَفَلَ عَنْهُ: (Ṣ,* Mṣb:) or he forgot it, or neglected it, (نَسِيَهُ,) and was, or became, unmindful, forgetful,, &c., of it, or inadvertent to it, (غَفَلَ عَنْهُ,) his mind adverting to another thing or affair or case; (Ḳ, TA;) thus expl. in the M and T; so that السَّهْوُ and الغَفْلَةُ and النِّسْيَانُ are made to be one [in signification]; (TA;) but accord. to Esh-Shiháb, السَّهْوُ is a slight غَفْلَة [or unmindfulness, &c.] of that which is within the scope of the retentive faculty, such as when one's attention is roused by the least rousing thereof; whereas النسيان denotes its passing away from the memory entirely; though all are used in one sense by a careless reliance upon the understanding of the reader or hearer: in the Mṣb it is said that a distinction is made between السَّاهِى and النَّاسِى by the latter's being applied to him who, when he is reminded, remembers, and the former's being applied to him who is in the contrary case: accord. to IAth, سَهَافِى الشَّىْءِ means he neglected, or omitted, the thing unknowingly; and سَهَا عَنْهُ, he neglected, or omitted, it knowingly: or, as some say, السَّهْوُ is the doing wrong from unmindfulness (عَنْ غَفْلَة); as when an insane person reviles another, which is pardonable; and as when one drinks wine and then some unpleasing action proceeds from him unintentionally, which is punishable. (TA.) One says, سَهَافِى الصَّلَاةِ, and عَنْهَا, i. q. غَفَلَ [He was, or became, unmindful in prayer, and of it]. (TA.)

[Hence, app., as implying an unexpected event,] حَمَلَتْ سَهْوًا She (a woman, Ṣ) conceived in menstruis. (Az, Ṣ, Z, Ḳ.) And حَمَلَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ سَهْوًا His mother conceived him in menstruis. (JK.)

السَّهْوُ also signifies السُّكُونُ (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ) and اللِّينُ (JK, Ṣ,) [app. as an inf. n., i. e. as meaning The being still, or quiet, and gentle; though it is immediately added in the Ṣ that the pl. is سِهَآءٌ; for it seems that an early transcriber of the Ṣ has omitted to insert after اللَّينُ the words وَالسَّاكِنُ وَاللَّيِّنُ: see سَهْوٌ below]. One says, فَعَلَهُ سَهْوًا رَهْوًا He did it voluntarily, without its being asked, or demanded; (Ḳ, TA;) and without constraint: (TA:) or quietly, or calmly, without being hard, or difficult. (TA in art. رهو.) And سَهَا إِلَيْهِ He looked at him, or it, with motionless eye. (Mṣb, TA.) And العَيْنُ تَسْهُو فِيهِ The eye expatiates in it; syn. تَنْبَسِطُ. (JK.)

سَهَاوَةٌ, as denoting a quality of a camel, The being easy to ride; (Ḳ;) an inf. n., of which the verb is سَهُوَ. (TA.)

مَالٌ لَا يُسْهَى وَلَا يُنْهَى [Cattle] of which the end is not to be reached. (AA, JK, Ṣ, Ḳ.) You say, يَرَاحُ عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مِنَ المَالِ مَا لَا يُسْهَىوَلَا يُنْهَى [There returns from the place of pasture in the evening, or afternoon, to the sons of such a one, of cattle,] what is not to be numbered for multitude: (T, TA:) or what is not to be computed, or computed by conjecture. (IAạr, TA.) And ذَهَبَتْ تَمِيمُ فَلَا تُسْهَى وَلَا تُنْهَى, meaning لَا تُذْكَرُ [i. e. Temeem went away, and will not be remembered, or will not be mentioned]: a saying of El-Aḥmar. (TA.)

ساهاهُ, inf. n. مُسَاهَاةٌ, i. q. غَافَلَهُ [app. meaning He acted with him in the manner of him who is unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent]. (TA.) [Or] the inf. n. signifies [The acting with moderation with another; or] the abstaining from going to the utmost length in social intercourse: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or the being easy, or facile, with another: (A, TA:) or the behaving in a good [or pleasing] manner in social intercourse: (T, TA:) or the comporting oneself with another, or others, (مُخَالَقَةٌ,) in a good manner, in social intercourse. (ʼEyn, M, TA.) And one says, هُوَ يُسَاهِى أَصْحَابَهُ He comports himself with his companions, or does so with good nature; syn. يُخَالِقُهُمْ. (TA.) And ساهاهُ means also He mocked at him, or derided him. (TA.)

اسهى He (a man, TA) constructed what is termed a سَهْوَة (Ḳ, TA) in a بَيْت [or chamber, &c.]. (TA.)

[السُّهَا often written السُّهَى] A certain dim star, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) in [the asterism called] بَنَات نَعْش الكُبْرَى, (Ṣ, [in the Ḳ, erroneously, بنات نعش الصُّغْرَى,]) by the middle star of those thus called; (TA;) [i. e.] a small star by that called العَنَاقُ, (which latter is the middle star [ζ] of the three in the tail of Ursa Major, Ḳzw,) by looking at which persons try their powers of sight; (Ḳzw, TA;) mentioned in art. قود [voce قَائِدٌ, q. v.]; (Ḳ;) [it is the star 80, by ζ;] also called السُّهَيَّا↓, which is the diminutive. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أُرِيهَا السُّهَا وَتُرِينِى القَمَرَ [I show her Es-Suhà and she shows me the moon]. (Ṣ, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. vol. i. pp. 527-9.]) And one says, أَنَّى يَلْتَقِى سُهَيْلٌ وَالسُّهَا How can Suheyl [or Canopus] meet Es-Suhà? for the former is southern and the latter is northern. (Ḥar p. 276.)

[سَهْوٌ an inf. n. used as an epithet,] Easy; applied to a man, and to an affair, (Ḳ, TA,) and to an object of want: (TA:) and so [the fem.] سَهْوَةٌ, applied to a mare; and applied to a she-mule as meaning easy in pace, that does not fatigue her rider: the epithet سَهْوٌ, however, is not applied to a he-mule: so in the T: (TA:) [but] it is applied to a he-camel, meaning easy to ride: and سَهْوَةٌ to a she-camel, (Ḳ, TA,) meaning gentle, easy to ride: andسَاهٍ↓ رَاهٍ, applied to a he-camel, means [likewise] gentle in pace; and so [the pls.] سَوَاهٍ رَوَاهٍ applied to camels: (TA:) [and soسَهْوَآءُ↓ applied to a mare; for] a certain mare was named السَّهْوَآءُ because of the gentleness of her pace. (TA.) Also, applied to water, Cool, sweet, or limpid; easy of descent in the throat. (Ḳ,* TA.) And قَوْسٌ سَهْوَةٌ A bow that is compliant, (Ḳ, TA,) and easy. (TA.) And رِيحٌ سَهْوٌ A gentle wind: [or a quiet, gentle wind:] pl. سِهَآءٌ: (TA:) a poet (said to be El-Hárith Ibn-'Owf, TA) says,

* تَنَاوَحَتِ الرَّيَاحُ لِفَقْدِ عَمْرٍو *

* وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَ مَهْلِكِهِ سِهَآءَا *

i. e. [The winds blew violently for the loss of ʼAmr; but they were before his death] quiet and gentle. (Ṣ, TA.) One says also أَرْضٌ سَهْوَةٌ Soft land, without barrenness. (TA.)

And السَّهْوُ means The moon, in the language of the Nabathæans. (JK.)

سَهْوَةٌ An instance, or a case, of unmindfulness, forgetfulness, neglectfulness, heedlessness, or inadvertence. (Mṣb.)

A rock, or great mass of stone, (Ḳ,) in the dial. of Teiyi, who call nothing else by this name: so in the M: or, accord. to the T, in that dial., the rock, or great mass of stone, upon which the waterer [app. of camels] stands: (TA:) or a rock, or great mass of stone, standing up, not having any foundation [app. meaning not partly imbedded] in the ground: and in the dial. of Teiyi, a single stone, great or small. (JK.)

A بَيْت [app. here meaning booth, or the like,] which the Arabs of the desert set up at the water, and by the shade of which they shelter themselves. (TA.) A صُفَّة [or kind of roofed vestibule, or the like, or a covering for shade and shelter], (Ḳ, TA,) between two houses: (TA:) or a thing like the صُفَّة, which is before, or in the front of, houses: (Aṣ, JK, Ṣ:) or [in some copies of the Ḳ “and”] a kind of closet (مُخْدَع) between two chambers, (Ḳ, TA,) in which the waterers of the camels shelter themselves: or, as some say, a small wall which is build between the two [opposite main] walls of the chamber, the roof being placed over the whole; what is in the middle [or main part] of the chamber being [called] a سَهْوَة; [see عَرْسٌ;] and what is within it, [app. behind,] a مُخْدَع: (TA:) or the like of a رَفّ and طَاق, [app. meaning a kind of arched construction with a flat top which forms a shelf, against a wall; or simply a shelf, or ledge projecting from a wall, (see رَفٌّ and طَاقٌ,)] in which, or upon which, a thing is placed: (ISd, Ḳ:) or a small بَيْت [or chamber], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) descending into the earth, having its roof elevated above the ground, (Ṣ,) resembling a small خِزَانَة [or closet, or storeroom], (Ṣ, Ḳ,) in which are [deposited] the household-goods, or furniture and utensils; thus as heard by AʼObeyd from more than one of the people of El-Yemen: (Ṣ:) or it signifies, (Ḳ,) or signifies also, (JK,) four sticks, or pieces of wood, (JK, Ḳ,) or three, (Ḳ,) which are placed crosswise, one upon another, and upon which is then put anything of the household-goods, or furniture and utensils: (JK, Ḳ:) so in the M: (TA:) and (accord. to the T, TA) i. q. كَنْدُوجٌ, (Ḳ,) which means a small closet or store-room: (TA:) and i. q. رَوْشَنٌ and كُوَّةٌ [i. e. a window, or mural aperture]: and a [kind of curtained canopy, or the like, such as is called] حَجَلَة: and a curtain, or screen, before the court, or yard, of a house, (Ḳ, TA,) and sometimes, surrounding the house, like a wall: (TA:) its pl. (in all of these senses, Ḳ, TA) is سِهَآءٌ (JK, Ḳ, TA) and سَهَوَاتٌ. (JK.)

سِهْوَآءٌ, (IAạr, JK, Ṣ, TA,) like سِعْوَآءٌ and تِهْوَآءٌ, all with kesr, on the authority of IAạr, but in the Ḳ سَهْوَآء↓, (TA,) A [portion, or short portion, such as is termed] سَاعَة, of the night; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) and (Ṣ, TA) the first part thereof: (JK, Ṣ, TA:) or it may be likeسَهْوَان↓, [which is app. in this case with tenween, and] which seems to mean a period in which people are unmindful of the places, or ways, in which things are, or should be, sought by them; or سهوان may be from سَاهِيَةٌ, expl. below: andسِهْوٌ↓ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ signifies the same as سِعْو and سَعْو [and سِهْوَآء] and سِعْوَاء. (Ḥam p. 708.) One says, لَقِيتُهُ بَعْدَ سِهْوَآءٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ i. e. [I met him after a portion, or short portion, of the night; or] after the first part of the night had passed. (JK.)

سَاهٍ Unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent; (JK, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoسَهْوَانُ↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) whence the prov.,

* إِنَّ المُوَصَّيْنَ بَنُو سَهْوَانْ *

(Ṣ) i. e. Only the unmindful [lit. the sons of the unmindful] are such as require to be enjoined: (Ṣ, Meyd:) or, as some say, by بنو سهوان are meant all mankind; because all become unmindful: but the most correct explanation is, that those who are enjoined to do a thing are subject to unmindfulness: it is applied to him who is unmindful of pursuing that which he is commanded to do: and سهوان may be syn. with [the inf. n.] سَهْوٌ; or it may be an epithet, syn. with سَاهٍ, and is applied to Adam, because he forgot his covenant, so that بنو سهوان may mean the sons of Adam, and hence, the unmindful. (Meyd. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 3-4.])

See also سَهوٌ.

سَاهِيَةٌ A tract of land long and wide, without any covert of trees, or the like, [to obstruct the view, or] to repel the eye. (JK, and Ḥam p. 708.)

أَسَاهِىُّ, (JK, TA,) in the Ḳ, erroneously, أَسْهَآء↓, (TA,) i. q. أَلْوَانٌ [generally signifying Colours; but also meaning sorts, or species; and here used in this latter sense, as is indicated in the TA]: a pl. having no sing.: (Ḳ, TA:) so in the M: (TA:) or it signifies, (JK,) or signifies also, (TA,) various sorts (ضُرُوبٌ مُخْتَلِفةٌ, JK, TA) of pace of camels; like أَسَاهِيجُ: (TA:) and its sing. is أَسْهَآءَةٌ↓. (JK.)