Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شَامَ الشَّىْءَ فِى الشَّىْءِ, (Ḳ,) [aor. يَشِيمُ,] inf. n. شَيْمٌ, (TA,) He hid, or concealed, the thing in the thing: (Ḳ, TA:) and he inserted the thing in the thing. (TA.) [Hence,] شام سَيْفَهُ, (Ḳ,) first pers. شِمْتُهُ, (Ṣ,) aor. as above, (Ḳ,) inf. n. شَيْمٌ, (TA,) He sheathed his sword; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and [in like manner] شام نَبْلَهُ [He put his arrows into the quiver]: (TA:) and the former signifies also He drew his sword: thus having two contr. meanings: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) AʼObeyd doubted of the latter meaning; and Sh knew it not; but the verb is said to have this meaning in a verse of El-Farezdaḳ. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Aboo-Bekr that a complaint was made to him against Khálid Ibn-El-Weleed, and he said, لَا أَشِيمُ سَيْفًا سَلَّهُ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَى المُشْرِكِينَ i. e. I will not sheath a sword [which God has drawn against the believers in a plurality of gods]. (TA.) [Hence also,] one says, شام أَبَا عُمَيْرٍ (Ḳ, TA) i. e. [He sheathed] the ذَكَر; (TA;) meaning † he attained his desire of the virgin. (Ḳ, TA.)

And شام فِى الفَرَسِ سَاقَهُ He struck the mare with his shank to make her run: (Ḳ:) or he impressed (lit. inserted) his leg [or shank] in the belly of the mare, striking her [with it]. (Aboo-Málik; TA.)

شِمْتُ مَخَايِلَ الشَّىْءِ I directed my look towards the indications, or symptoms, of the thing, waiting, or watching, for it. (Ṣ.)

And [hence, or the reverse may be the case,] شِمْتُ البَرْقَ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,*) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Mṣb, TA,) I looked at, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) or watched, or observed, (Mṣb,) the lightning, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) or the cloud thereof, to see where it would rain, (Ṣ,) or to see where it would pour, or bring rain, (Mṣb,) or to see whither it tended and where it would rain: (Ḳ:) this is done only when it flickers and disappears without delay: and [it is said, but, in my opinion, fancifully, and with little reason, that] the drawing and sheathing of a sword are likened to lightning flickering and disappearing. (TA.) [Hence the phrase, شِمْتُ بَرْقَ فُلَانٍ † I looked hoping for the benefits of such a one: mentioned by Freytag on the authority of Meyd: and the like is said in Ḥar p. 319.] And شام السَّحَابَ He looked at the clouds from afar: and [in like manner,] النَّارَ the fire. (TA.) It is said in a prov.,

* لَا تَشِمِ الغَيْثَ فَقَدْ أَوْدَى النَّقَدْ *

i. e. [Look not thou hoping for rain, for] the lambs have perished: addressed to him who mourns for that which has past. (Meyd.) And one says, فُلَانٌ مُوسِرٌ وَلَا أَشِيمُهُ مِنْ فَقْرٍ † [Such a one is wealthy, and I do not look at him in hope by reason of poverty]; meaning that he is independent of him. (Z, TA.)

[Hence also,] شِمْ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا ‡ Compute thou, or estimate, or consider, (Ḳ, TA,) and look, or see, (TA,) what [relation, or difference,] is between them two. (Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, شَيَّمَ is erroneously put for شِمْ; and قَدَّرَهُ, in the explanation, for قَدِّرْهُ.])

شَامَ also signifies It (a thing, TA) entered, فِى شَىْءٍ into a thing; (Ḳ, TA;) quasi-pass. of the same verb in the latter of the two senses expl. in the first sentence of this art.; (TA;) and soانشام↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) andاشام↓, andاشتام↓, andتشيّم↓, andشيّم↓. (Ḳ, TA.)

Also, (Ḳ,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. شَيْمٌ and شُيُومٌ, He made a valid charge, or assault, or attack, in war, or battle. (Ḳ.)

Also, (Ḳ,) aor. as above, (TA,) He (a man) had a black رَقْمَة [app. meaning spot, or mole, i. e. شَامَة,] apparent in his skin. (Ḳ.) And شِيمَ, inf. n. شَيْمٌ, [perhaps a mistranscription for شَيَمٌ,] He was marked with a شَامَة [or mole]: or, as some say, [the pass. part. n.] مَشْيُومٌ [signifying “marked with a شامة”] has no verb: and AZ says that شَيَمٌ↓, signifying the having upon him a شامة, has no known verb: (TA:) or شَيَمٌ is an inf. n. signifying the having upon him شَام [i. e. moles]. (Ḥam p. 361.)

شَامَ فُلَانًا, (Ḳ,) aor. as above, (TA,) He soiled the legs, or feet, of such a one with dust, or earth: (Ḳ, TA:) in [some of] the copies of the Ḳ, غَيَّرَ رِجْلَيْهِ بِالشِّيَامِ; but correctly, [as in the CK and in my MṢ copy of the Ḳ,] غَبَّرَ; and accord. to the M, from الشِّيَام, [meaning that the verb is derived from this word,] i. e. التُّرَاب. (TA.)

see 1, in the latter half.

شيّم يَدَيْهِ فِى رَأْسِهِ, or ثَوْبِهِ, He seized his head, or his garment, fighting him. (Ḳ.)

see 1, in the latter half.

تشيّمهُ الضِّرَامُ The kindling of fire entered it; namely, a wood; as used in a verse of Sá'ideh: or, as some relate it, تَسَنَّمَهُ [q. v.]. (Ṣ, TA.) And تشيّم الحَرِيقُ القَصَبَ The fire entered, and mixed with, the reeds, or canes. (TA.)

And تشيّمهُ الشَّيْبُ ‡ Hoariness came upon him, (Ḳ, TA,) and became intermixed upon him: or, accord. to IAạr, became abundant upon him, and spread; (TA;) as also تَسَنَّمَهُ. (IAạr, M and TA in art. سنم.)

تشيّم أَبَاهُ He resembled his father in شِيمة i. e. nature, or natural disposition. (IAạr, Ḳ, TA.)

انشام: see 1, in the latter half.

Also He (a man) became one who was looked at. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

شَامٌ: see شَامَةٌ, in three places.

The country of الشَّام [i. e. Syria] has been mentioned in art. شأم [as originally الشَّأْم].

شِيمٌ A certain species of fish. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

Also pl. of أَشْيَمُ [q. v.]. (Ṣ, TA.)

And pl., in one sense, of شِيَامٌ [q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

شَيَمٌ: see 1, near the end.

Also Any land, or ground, in which one has not yet dug, remaining in its [original] hard state, (Aboo-Saʼeed, Ḳ, TA,) so that the digging therein is more difficult [than elsewhere] to the digger. (Aboo-Saʼeed, TA.)

شَامَةٌ A mole, syn. خَالٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA,) upon the person; (Mṣb;) [i. e.] a pimple inclining to blackness, upon the person; (Mgh;) or a [natural] mark differing from the colour of the person upon which it is: (Ḳ,* TA:) its medial radical letter is originally ى: (Ṣ, TA:) and it is also with ء, i. e. شَأْمَةٌ: (IAth, TA:) pl. شَامٌ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is] شَامَاتٌ. (Mṣb, Ḳ.) حَتَّى تَكُونُوا كَأَنَّكُمْ شَامَةٌ فِى النَّاسِ [So that ye may be as though ye were a mole amid the people], occurring in a trad., means [that ye may] be in the goodliest garb or guise, appearing like the شامة, at which one looks exclusively of the rest of the person. (IAth, TA.) And one says,صَارُوا شَامًا↓ فِى البِلَادِ, meaning † They became scattered [in the countries] like the شام [or moles] upon the person. (TA.)

Also A black mark upon the person, [an explanation which seems to apply, like the former in the Ḳ, to a mole, though given as differing therefrom,] and upon the ground: pl. [or coll. gen. n.] شَامٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

It is also [A mark, or spot,] upon a mare, upon a place that is disapproved, and sometimes upon her دَوَائِر [which means what are termed feathers, pl. of دَائِرَةٌ, q. v.]. (ISh, TA.)

And A spot (نُكْتَة) [upon the face] of the moon. (Ḳ.)

And ‡ A black she-camel: (IAạr, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) accord. to Nifṭaweyh, شَأْمَةٌ, with; but ISd says, I know not the reason of this, unless it be extr., like الخَأْتَمُ and العَأْلِمُ. (TA.) One says, مَا لَهُ شَامَةٌ وَلَا زَهْرَآءُ, meaning, ‡ He has not a black she-camel nor a white one. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.)

شِيمَةٌ Nature; natural, native, or innate, disposition, temper, or other quality or property; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as also شِئْمَةٌ, (Ḳ,) which is an extr. dial. var.: (TA:) pl. شِيَمٌ. (Mṣb.)

Also Dust, or earth, dug from the ground; (Aṣ, Ṣ, Ḳ;) and soشِيَامٌ↓. (Ṣ, as on the authority of Aṣ; but only in one of my two copies of the Ṣ.)

شَيَامٌ Soft, or plain, land; (AA, Ḳ, TA;) of which the earth is soft, or uncompact. (TA.)

See also the paragraph here following, in two places.

شِيَامٌ Dust, or earth, (Ḳ, TA,) in a general sense; (TA;) as alsoشَيَامٌ↓: (Ḳ:) see also شِيمَةٌ: [or,] accord. to Kh, a hollow dug in the ground: or, as some say, land of which the earth is soft, or uncompact. (Ṣ, TA.)

And A [covert such as is termed] كِنَاس: so called because of the wild animal's entering (لاِنْشِيَامِ الوَحْشِ i. e. دُخُولِهِ) into it. (Aṣ, Ṣ, TA.)

Also The rat, or mouse; syn. فَأْرٌ: (IAạr, Ḳ, TA:) but written by Aboo-ʼAmr Ez-Záhid شَيَامٌ↓, and said by him to be the جُرَذ [generally meaning a large field-rat]: (TA:) pl. شِيمٌ. (Ḳ.)

قَوْمٌ شُيُومٌ A people, or party, in a state of security: occurring in a trad.: and it is said that شيوم is an Abyssinian word: but, as some relate the trad., it is سُيُومٌ [q. v., voce سَائِمٌ, of which it is said to be pl.]. (TA.)

أَشْيَمُ A man (Ṣ, Mṣb) having a شَامَة [or mole] upon his person; (AZ, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;*) andمَشِيمٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andمَشُومٌ↓ (Ḳ) andمَشْيُومٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) signify the same [or rather marked with a mole]: (Ṣ,* Ḳ:) or أَشْيَمُ signifies having upon him شَام [or moles]: (Ḥam p. 361:) fem. شَيْمَآءُ: (TA:) and pl. شِيمٌ. (Ṣ, TA.)

And A beast, (Lth, AO, TA,) and anything, (Lth, TA,) having upon him, or it, a [mark such as is termed] شَامَة, (Lth, AO, TA,) or [marks such as are termed] شَام. (AO, TA.)

And شِيمُ الإِبِلِ † Such as are black, of camels: sing., masc. and fem., as above: (TA:) occurring in this sense in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, as related by AA: but as heard by Aṣ, in this verse, شُومُهَا, and thought by him to be a pl. [originally شُيْم] of أَشْيَمُ. (Ṣ.) See also أَشْأَمُ (in art. شأم), last sentence.

مَشِيمَةٌ The غِرْس; (Ṣ, TA;) i. e. (TA) the place of, (Ḳ, TA,) or [membrane that encloses, or forms the] covering of, (Mṣb,) the fœtus (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA) of a human being: (Mṣb: [see غِرْسٌ:]) originally مَشْيِمَةٌ: (Ṣ, Mṣb:) pl. مَشَايِمُ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and [coll. gen. n.] مَشِيمٌ↓. (IB, Ḳ.) [See also سَلًى.]