Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

صَهَرَ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. ـَ {يَصْهَرُ}, inf. n. صَهْرٌ, (Ḳ,) He melted, or liquefied, a thing, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) such as fat, (A, TA,) and the like; (TA;) as alsoاصطهر↓. (Ḳ.) The saying لَأَصْهَرَنَّكَ بِيَمِينٍ مُرَّةٍ app. means † I will assuredly melt thee [in the fire of Hell by making thee to swear a bitter oath]: (Ṣ:) or ‡ I will assuredly make thee to swear a hard oath. (A.) One says also, صَهَرْتُ فُلَانًا بِيَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ تُوْجِبُ لَهُ النَّارَ † [I caused such a one to melt, by making him to swear a false oath that would procure for him, as a consequence thereof, the fire of Hell]. (AO.)

Also, inf. n. as above, He, or it, burned: he thoroughly cooked with fire. (TA.)

‡ It (heat) affected him severely. (A.) And صَهَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ ‡ The sun affected him severely by its heat, (Ṣ,* A, Ḳ,* TA,) so that it pained his brain. (TA.) Ibn-Aḥmar says, describing the young one of a قَطَاة, (Ṣ, O,) which was bearing water to it, (O,)

* تَرْوِى لَقًى أُلْقِىَ فِى صَفْصَفٍ *

*تَصْهَرُهُ الشَّمْسُ فَمَا يَنْصَهِرْ↓ *

i. e. [She bearing water to a castaway, cast upon a plain,] which the sun was melting, [or severely affecting,] and [which did not melt, meaning] which endured the sun's melting it. (Ṣ,* O. [In both of my copies of the Ṣ, and in the O and TA, the first word is تَرْوِى, as above; not تُرْوِى.]) And you say, صَهَرَ الحَرُّ الحِرْبَآءَ ‡ The heat made the chameleon's back to glisten. (TA.)

And صَهَرَ خُبْزَهُ He seasoned his bread with صُهَارَة, (AZ, A, TA,) i. e. melted fat. (A, TA.) And صَهَرَ رَأْسَهُ He anointed his head with صُهَارَة. (A, Ḳ.) And صَهَرَ بَدَنَهُ He anointed his body with صَهِير [which is like صُهَارَة]. (L, TA.)

صَهَرَهُ also signifies † He brought, or drew, it (i. e. a thing, O) near, إِلَيْهِ [to him or it]; and soاصهرهُ↓. (O, TA.)

صَاهَرَهُمْ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. مُصَاهَرَةٌ; (TA;) and صاهر فِيهِمْ; andاصهر↓ بِهِمْ, and إِلَيْهِمْ; He became that kind of relation to them termed صِهْر; (Ḳ;) and so أَصْهَرَهُمْ: (Mgh in art. ختن:) or صاهر إِلَيْهِمْ he took to himself a wife from among them; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb;) and soاصهر↓ إِلَيْهِمْ: (A:) andاصهر↓ بِهِمْ he connected himself with them, and became, or made himself, an object of inviolable respect, by a covenant of mutual protection, or by relationship, or consanguinity, or by marriage: (IAạr, Ṣ:) or اصهر بهم he sought to bring himself near to them by the relationship termed صِهْر. (T, TA.)

see 3, in three places.

One says also, صهر االجَيْشُ لِلْجَيْشِ ‡ The army drew near to the [other] army. (A, O, Ḳ.)

See also 1, last sentence.

انصهر It (a thing, Ṣ, Ḳ, such as fat, and the like, TA) became melted, or liquefied. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

See also 1.

اصطهر: see 1.

Also ‡ His (a chameleon's) back glistened by reason of the heat of the sun; (A,* Ḳ;) and soاصهارّ↓. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

And He ate صُهَارَة. (O, Ḳ.)

صَهْرٌ Roasted, broiled, or fried; syn. مَشْوِىٌّ. (TA.)

And Hot; syn. حَارٌّ. (Kr, Ḳ.)

صِهْرٌ Relationship; nearness with respect to kindred; syn. قَرَابَةٌ: (A, Ḳ:) and [affinity; or] the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship consisting in being a father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Mgh, Ḳ:) andصُهُورَةٌ↓ the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship by marriage: (A:) Fr makes the former word of the fem. gender. (Ṣgh, TA.)

And A relation, or kinsman, or kinswoman, of a man's wife: (Kh, Ṣ, A, Mṣb:) and of a woman's husband: (A:) or the father or brother or other kinsman of a woman's husband; syn. حَمْءٌ [and حَمٌ, &c. (see art. حمو)]: (Kh, Aṣ, ISk, Mṣb:) and the father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Kh, Aṣ, ISk, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) so accord. to some of the Arabs: (Kh, Aṣ, Ṣ, Mṣb:) or none says otherwise, accord. to Aṣ, and IAạr says the like: (Mgh:) or any relation of a man's wife or of a woman's husband whom it is unlawful to marry; as the father, and brother, and son, and paternal uncle, and maternal uncle: (Az, Mṣb:) or a man's relation by marriage: and a kinsman of a man's relation by marriage: (A:) or a man who has married among a people: (Lth, Mgh:) and the husband of a man's daughter: and the husband of a man's sister: (IAạr, Ḳ:) Fr says that, in the Ḳur xxv. 56, it signifies, a relation whom it is lawful to marry; as the daughter of a paternal uncle, and of a maternal uncle, and the like: and نَسَب in the same, a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: Zj, that the former signifies a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: and the latter, such as is not a صِهْر, of those mentioned in the Ḳur [iv. 27], from the words “your mothers are forbidden unto you” to the words “and your combining [as your wives] two sisters:” I’Ab explains نسب and صهر in the former passage of the Ḳur differently from Fr [altogether], and differently in part from Zj; saying that the former applies to the seven relations first mentioned in iv. 27 in the Ḳur, and صهر to the remaining six there mentioned and that mentioned in the next preceding verse; [so that it includes a man's foster-mother, who has suckled him; his fostersister, who has been suckled with him; his wife's mother; his step-daughter under his guardianship, born of his wife unto whom he has gone in; his son's wife; his wife's sister combined with that wife; and his father's wife;] and this, says Az, is correct: (Mgh:) in the Ḳur xxv. 56, it means ذُو صِهْرٍ, whether male or female: (Jel:) or ذَوَاتُ صِهْرٍ: (Bḍ:) pl. أَصْهَارٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.) and صُهْرَآءُ; (Ḳ;) which latter is extr. (TA.) [صِهْرَةٌ, applied to a female, pl. ضِهَرَاتٌ, is app. post-classical.]

And ‡ A grave, or sepulchre: (ISd, Ḳ:) for they used to bury their daughters alive, and say, “We have married them to the grave:” then, in the time of El-Islám, this expression was used, and it was said, نِعْمَ الصِّهْرُ القَبْرُ [An excel-lent son-in-law is the grave]: or it means, correctly, that which supplies the place of the صهر. (ISd.)

صِهْرِىٌّ i. q. صِهْرِيجٌ [q. v.]; (Ḳ;) a dial. var. of the latter word; signifying A thing like a حَوْض [or watering-trough, or tank]: (Ṣ:) accord. to Az, a construction of clay and stones, built between [and across] two narrow branches (مَأْزِمَانِ) of a small water-course (شُعْبَة) of a valley, so that the water is kept back thereby, and they drink from it a long time. (TA.)

صَهُورٌ A melter of fat: and a roaster, broiler, or frier: pl. صُهْرٌ. (Ḳ.)

صَهِيرٌ [i. q. مَصْهُورٌ↓ as meaning] Melted, or liquefied. (Ṣ, Ḳ.) [And used also as a subst., in the sense of صُهَارَةٌ.]

Also Bread seasoned with صُهَارَة; and soمَصْهُورٌ↓. (A, O, TA.)

صُهَارَةٌ What is melted (Aṣ, Ḳ, TA) of fat, (Aṣ, TA,) and the like: (TA:) or (TA, in the Ḳ “and”) any piece of fat, (Ḳ, TA,) whether small or large: (TA:) and ‡ marrow; syn. نِقْىٌ and مُخٌّ; (Ḳ, TA;) which mean the same. (TA.) One says, مَا بِالبَعِيرِ صُهَارَةٌ ‡ There is not in the camel any fatness (طِرْقٌ); (ISk, Ṣ;) or any marrow. (TA.)

صَاهُورٌ The sheath of the moon. (Ḳ. [See what is meant thereby voce سَاهُورٌ; of which it is a dial. var. in this sense, and app. in other senses also.])

صَيْهُورٌ A thing (A, O, Ḳ, TA) like a منْبَر [or pulpit], of clay, (Ḳ, TA,) or of wood, (TA,) for the household utensils of brass (A, O, Ḳ, TA) and the like, (O, Ḳ,) which are put thereon: (A, O:) but ISd says that it is not of established authority. (TA.)