Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

صَلُبَ, [aor. ـُ {يَصْلُبُ},] inf. n. صَلَابَةٌ; (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.;) and صَلِبَ, aor. ـَ {يَصْلَبُ}; (IḲṭṭ, A, Ḳ;) andصلّب↓, inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ; (Ḳ; [but this last, accord. to the TA, is trans. only;]) said of a thing, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) [and of a man,] It [and he] was, or became, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy; syn. اِشْتَدَّ; (Ṣ,* A,* Mṣb, Ḳ;*) contr. of لَانَ. (M, TA.)

[Hence,] صَلُبَتِ الأَرْضُ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ ‡ [The land has been hard by lying waste for years]; said of land that has not been sown for a long time. (A, TA.)

And صَلُبَ عَلَى المَالِ, inf. n. as above, † He was, or became, tenacious, or avaricious, of property, or the property. (M, L.)

[And صَلُبَ الشَّرَابُ, inf. n. as above, † The wine became strong. (حَدُّ الشَّرَابِ is expl. in the Ṣ and L, in art. حد, as meaning صَلَابَتُهُ.)]

صَلَبَ العِظَامَ, (M, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَصْلِبُ}, inf. n. صَلْبٌ; (M;) andاصطلبها↓; (M, Ḳ;) He cooked, (M,) or collected and cooked, (TA,) the bones, (M, TA,) and extracted their grease, or oily matter, (M, Ḳ, TA,) to make use of it as a seasoning: (TA:) orاصطلب↓ [alone] he extracted the grease, or oily matter, of bones, (Ṣ,) or he collected bones, and extracted their grease, or oily matter, (Mṣb,) to make use of it as a seasoning. (Ṣ, Mṣb.)

And in like manner one says of one who roasts, or broils, or fries, flesh-meat and makes its grease to flow: (M:) i. e. one says, صَلَبَ اللَّحْمَ, (M,* Ḳ, TA,) andاصطلب↓ [alone], (M,) He roasted, or broiled, or fried, the flesh-meat, (M, Ḳ, TA,) and made its grease to flow. (M, TA.)

And, (Ḳ,) as Sh says, (TA,), صَلَبَهُ, aor. ـِ {يَصْلِبُ} and ـُ {يَصْلُبُ}, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. صَلْبٌ, (TA,) He, or it, burned him: (Ḳ, TA:) and صَلَبَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ The sun burned him [app. causing his sweat to flow]. (TA.)

And صَلَبَهُ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَصْلِبُ}, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. صَلْبٌ; (Ṣ, M, Mṣb;) andصلّبهُ↓, (M, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ, (Ḳ,) or the verb with teshdeed is said of a pl. number; (Ṣ, A;;) [He crucified him;] he put him to death in a certain well-known manner; (M, L;) he made him to be مَصْلُوب; (Ḳ) namely, one who had slain another; (Mṣb;) or a thief: (A:) from صَلَبَ العِظَامَ; because the oily matter, and the ichor mixed with blood, of the person so put to death flows. (M.)

[Hence] الصَّلْبُ in prayer means The placing the hands upon the flanks, in standing, and separating the arms from the body: a posture forbidden by the Prophet because resembling that of a man when he is crucified (إِذَا صُلِبَ), the arms of the man in this case being extended upon the timber. (TA.)

[Hence also,] صَلَبَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, Ḳ,) andصَلَّبَهَا↓, (M,) He put upon the دلو [or leathern bucket] what are called صَلِيبَانِ↓, (M, L, Ḳ,) which are two pieces of wood placed cross-wise [to keep it from collapsing], like what are called the عَرْقُوَتَانِ. (M, L.)

صَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ حُمَّاهُ, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb,* Ḳ,) aor. ـِ {يَصْلِبُ}, (Ṣ,) His fever was continual, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and vehement: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) or was of the kind termed صَالِب [q. v.]. (M, TA.)

صلّبهُ, (inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ, TA,) He, or it, rendered it, or him, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, TA.) El-Aạshà says,

* مِنْ سَرَاةِ الهِجَانِ صَلَّبَهَا العُ *

* ضُّ وَرِعْىُ الحِمَى وَطُولُ الحِيَالِ *

(Ṣ, TA) i. e. [Than the back of the excellent she-camel] which the provender of cities, such as [the trefoil called] قَتّ, and date-stones, and the pasture of El-Himè, meaning Himè Dareeyeh, the place of pasture of the camels of the kings, and the being long without conceiving, (TA,) have rendered hard, or firm, or strong. (Ṣ, TA.)

[Hence] one says, صلّب النَّبِيذَ بِحَبِّ الدَّاذِىِّ † [He made the beverage termed نبيذ to become strong by means of the grain called حبّ الداذىّ]. (Mgh in art. دوذ.)

صَلَّبَ الرُّطَبُ, (AA, Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ, (AA, TA,) The ripe dates became dry: (AA, Ṣ, Ḳ:) and صَلَّبَتِ التَّمْرَةُ the date became dry. (M, L.)

[Hence, perhaps, صَلَّبَ is said in the Ḳ to be syn. with صَلُبَ:] see 1, first sentence.

See also 1, latter half, in two places.

صلّب said of a monk, (M,) or صلّبوا (Ḳ, TA) said of monks, (TA,) He, (M,) or they, (Ḳ, TA,) made, or took, (M, Ḳ, TA,) for himself, (M,) or for themselves, (Ḳ, TA,) a صَلِيب [or cross], (M, Ḳ, TA,) in his church, (M,) or in their churches. (TA.)

التَّصْلِيبُ also signifies [The making the sign of the cross. And] The figuring of a cross [or crosses] upon a garment; (T, Mgh, TA;) and hence, the figure thereof; the inf. n. being thus used as a subst. properly so termed; (Mgh;) as in a trad. where it is said of the Prophet, قَضَبَ التَّصْلِيبَ; meaning قَطَعَ مَوْضِعَ التَّصْلِيبِ مِنْهُ [He cut off the place of the figuring of the cross, or crosses, from it]. (T, Mgh, TA.) And صَلَّبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ occurs in a trad., meaning He made a mark like the cross between his eyes by a blow. (TA.)

Also A particular mode of wearing, or disposing, the [muffler called] خِمَار, (M, Ḳ,) for a woman. (Ḳ.) One says of a woman, صَلَّبَتْ خِمَارَهَا [She disposed her muffler cross-wise]. (TA.) And a man's praying فِى تَصْلِيبِ العِمَامَةِ [with the turban disposed cross-wise] is disapproved: he should wind it so that one part [or fold] thereof is above [not across] another. (TA.)

اصلبت, (AA, Ḳ,) inf. n. إِصْلَابٌ, (AA, TA,) She (a camel) stood stretching forth her neck towards the sky, in order to yield her utmost flow of milk to her young one. (AA, Ḳ, TA.)

تصلّب ‡ He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strength, vigour, hardiness, courage, vehemence, severity, strictness, or rigour; he exerted his strength, force, or energy; strained, or strained himself, or tasked himself severely; syn. تَشَدَّدَ; (A, TA;) which means جَهَدَ نَفْسَهُ; (L in art. شد;) لِذٰلِكَ [for that]: (A:) said of a man. (TA.)

صُلْبٌ Hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy; syn. شَدِيدٌ; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb,* Ḳ;) contr. of لَيِّنٌ; (M, TA;) as alsoصَلِيبٌ↓ andصُلَّبٌ↓ (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ) andصَلَبٌ↓: (M:) pl. of the first or second, [accord. to analogy of the latter, and also of the last,] صِلَابٌ. (M, A.)

[Hence,] صُلْبٌ andصَلَبٌ↓, (Ḳ,) or مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ andصَلَبٌ↓, (M,) A rugged, stony place: (M, Ḳ;*) or صُلْبٌ signifies a rugged, extending place, of the earth or ground; andصَلَبٌ↓, a hard part of the earth or ground: (Ṣ:) or this last, a tract of rugged depressed land stretching along between two hills: (Sh, TA:) or the acclivities of hills; and its pl. is أَصْلَابٌ: (TA:) or أَصْلَابٌ signifies hard, extending, [tracts of] ground: (Aṣ, TA:) or hard and elevated [tracts of] ground: (IAạr, TA:) and مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ, a rugged, hard place: (Mṣb:) the pl. (of صُلْبٌ, Ṣ) is صِلَبَةٌ. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) One says of land that has not been sown for a long time, إِنَّهَا أَصْلَابٌ↓ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ ‡ [Verily it has been hard by lying waste for years]. (A, TA.)

[Hence also,] هُوَ صُلْبُ المَعَاجِمِ ‡ [lit. He is hard,, &c., in respect of the places of biting; meaning he is strong, or resisting, or indomitable, of spirit; (عَزِيزُ النَّفْسِ;) thus صُلْبُ المَعْجَمِ is expl. in the Ṣ and Ḳ in art. عجم]: and صُلْبُ العُودِ ‡ [which means the same]. (A, TA.) And صُلْبُ العَصَا andصَلِيبُ↓ العَصَا, applied to a tender of camels; [lit. Hard,, &c., in respect of the staff;] meaning † hard, severe, or rigorous, in his treatment of the camels: Er-Rá'ee says,

*صَلِيْبُ↓ العَصَا بَادِى العُرُوقِ تَرَى لَهُ *

* عَلَيْهَا إِذَا مَا أَجْدَبَ النَّاسُ إِصْبَعَا *

[Hard,, &c., having the veins of his limbs appearing: thou wilt see him to have a finger pointing at them, i. e. his camels, because of their good condition, when the people are afflicted with drought]. (M, TA. But in the Ṣ, in art. صبع, we find ضَعِيف in this verse instead of صَلِيب.)

And [in like manner] هُوَ صُلْبٌ فِى دِينِهِ andصُلَّبٌ↓ ‡ [He is hard, firm, or strong, in his religion]. (A, TA.)

And جَرْىٌ صُلْبٌ (Lth, TA) orصَلِيبٌ↓ (M, L, TA) ‡ A hard, or vehement, running. (Lth, M, L, TA.)

And صَهِيلٌ صُلْبٌ † A vehement neighing. (Lth, TA.) Andصَوْتٌ صَلِيبٌ↓ ‡ A vehement sound or cry or voice. (M, L, TA.)

Also, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) andصُلُبٌ↓ (Mṣb, TA) andصَلَبٌ↓ (Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ) andصَالِبٌ↓, (IAth, L, Ḳ,) which last is rarely used, (IAth, TA,) and is said to occur only in one instance, in poetry, but another instance of it in poetry is cited, (TA,) The back-bone; i. e. the bone extending from the كَاهِل [or base of the neck] to the عَجْب [or rump bone]; (M, A, Ḳ;) the bone upon which the neck is set, extending to the root of the tail [in a beast], and in a man to the عُصْعُص [or os coccygis]: (Zj in his “Khalk el-Insán:”) or a portion of the back: (Ṣ:) and any portion of the back containing vertebræ: (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA:) [and particularly the lumbar portion; the lions:] and the back [absolutely]; as is said in an explanation of a verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd cited in what follows: (M, TA:) pl. [of mult.] صِلَبَةٌ and [of pauc.] أَصْلُبٌ and أَصْلَابٌ, (M, Ḳ,) each of which two is used in poetry in a sing. sense, as though every part of the صُلْب were regarded as a صُلْب in itself, and صِلْبَةٌ, (M, TA,) of which last ISd says, [but this I do not find in the M,] I do not think it to be of established authority, unless it be a contraction of صِلَبَةٌ. (TA.) Lḥ mentions, as a phrase of the Arabs, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَبْنَآءُ صِلَبَتِهِمْ [These are the sons of their loins: because the sperma of the man is held to proceed from the صُلْب of the man, as is said in the Ksh, &c. in lxxxvi. 7]. (M. [See also a similar phrase in the Kr iv. 27.])

[Hence صُلْبٌ is used as signifying The middle of a page, as distinguished from the هَامِش (or margin): and in like manner, of other things.]

[Hence, likewise,] صُلْبٌ signifies also حَسَبٌ [meaning † Rank or quality,, &c.]: (AA, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and power, or strength. (M, Ḳ.) A poet says, (M,) namely, 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, (Ṣ, TA,)

* إِجْلَ أَنَّ ٱللّٰهَ قَدْ فَضَّلَكُمْ *

* فَوْقَ مَا أَحْكِى بِصُلْبٍ وَإِزَارْ *

† [Because God hath made you to have excellence above what I can relate, in rank or quality, or in power, and abstinence from unlawful things]: (Ṣ, M, TA:) AA says that صُلْب here signifies حَسَب; (Ṣ;) and إِزَار here signifies عَفَاف: (Ṣ, M, TA:) but some expl. صُلْب here by both حَسَب and قُوَّة: and some relate the latter hemistich otherwise, i. e.

* فَوْقَ مَنْ أَحْكَأَ صُلْبًا بِإِزَارْ *

meaning above such as binds the back with an izár. (M, TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ المُغَالِبَ صُلْبَ ٱللّٰهِ مَغْلُوبٌ, meaning † [Verily he who strives to overcome] the power of God [is overcome]. (TA.)

Also Coitus (جِمَاع): because the sperma [of the man] issues from the part so called. (TA.)

صَلَبٌ, and its pl. أَصْلَابٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in six places:

and see also صَلِيبٌ, in two places.

صُلَبٌ A certain bird, (O, Ḳ,) resembling the صَقْر [or hawk], but which does not prey, and which is vehement, or loud, in its cry. (O.)

صَلِيبٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in five places.

[Hence,] مَآءٌ صَلِيبٌ ‡ Water upon which cattle grow fat and strong and hard. (A, TA.)

And عَرَبِىٌّ صَلِيبٌ ‡ An Arabian of pure race: (A, Mgh, TA:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ صَلِيبَةٌ ‡ A woman of noble, or generous, origin. (A, TA.)

Also Grease, or oily matter, (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) of bones; (Ṣ, M,* Mṣb;) and soصَلَبٌ↓; (M, Ḳ;) which latter signifies also ichor, or watery humour, mixed with blood, that flows from the dead: (M:) pl. [of the former accord. to analogy, and perhaps of the latter also,] صُلُبٌ. (Ḳ.) Hence, in a trad., the phrase أَصْحَابُ الصُّلُبِ [in the CK الصَّلَبِ↓] Those who collect bones, (Ḳ, TA,) when the flesh has been stripped off from them, and cook them with water, (TA,) and extract their grease, or oily matter, and use it as a seasoning. (Ḳ, TA.)

Also [A cross;] a certain thing pertaining to the Christians, (Lth, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) which they take as an object to which to direct the face in prayer: (Lth, TA:) pl. [of mult.] صُلْبَانٌ (Ṣ, M, A, Mṣb) and صُلُبٌ (Lth, Ṣ, M) and [of pauc.] أَصْلُبٌ. (Mṣb.)

[And The figure of a cross upon a garment, &c.: see مُصَلَّبٌ.]

And A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon camels; (M, Ḳ;) which, as Aboo-ʼAlee says in the “Tedhkireh,” is sometimes large and sometimes small, and may be upon the cheeks, and the neck, and the thighs: (M, TA:) or, as some say, it is upon the temple; and as some say, upon the neck; being two lines, one upon [or across] the other. (TA.)

And i. q. عَلَمٌ [as meaning A banner, or standard; properly, in the form of a cross]: (O, Ḳ:) En-Nábighah Edh-Dhubyánee is said to have thus called the عَلَم because there was upon it a صَلِيب [i. e. a cross]; for he was a Christian. (O.)

[And hence, as Freytag says, (referring to the “Historia Halebi” and “Locman. Fabul.” p. 42 1. 5. 8,) † An army of ten thousand soldiers.]

And الصَّلِيبُ is the name of The four stars behind النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ [which is the asterism consisting of the three principal stars of Aquila; whence it seems to be the four principal stars of Delphinus]: inconsiderately said by J to be behind النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ [which is α Lyræ]. (L, Ḳ, and so in the margin of some copies of the Ṣ,) [And Freytag says, (referring to Ideler Unters. p. 35,) that الصليب الواقع is the name of † Stars in the head of Draco.]

صَلِيبَانِ of a leathern bucket: see 1, last sentence but one.

See also مَصْلُوبٌ.

صَلَابَةٌ inf. n. of صَلُبَ. (Ṣ, M, A, &c.)

[Using it as a subst. properly so called,] one says, مَشَى فِى صَلَابَةٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ ‡ [He walked, or went along, upon hard ground]. (A, TA.)

صَلِيبَةُ الرَّجُلِ He who was, or those who were, in the loins (صُلْب) of the father [or ancestor] of the man: hence the family of the Prophet, who are forbidden to receive of the poor-rate, are termed صَلِيبَةُ بَنِى هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِى عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبِ. (Mgh.)

صُلَّبٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in two places.

Also A hard stone, the hardest of stones. (TA.)

And Whetstones; (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, TA;) as alsoصُلَّبَةٌ↓ (TA) andصُلَّبِىٌّ↓ (M, Ḳ, TA;) andصُلَّبِيَّةٌ↓: (Ṣ, M, Ḳ, TA:) [or a whetstone:] or [a thing] like a whetstone. (A.)

See also صُلَّبِىٌّ.

صُلَّبِىٌّ: see صُلَّبٌ.

Also A spear-head sharpened; (Ṣ, TA;) and soمُصَلَّبٌ↓, (Ṣ,) orصُلَّبٌ↓: (TA: [but this last is perhaps a mistranscription for مُصَلَّبٌ:]) or a thing polished and sharpened with whetstones: (Ḳ:) andمُصَلَّبٌ↓ signifies a spear sharpened with the ضُلَّبِىّ, (M, TA,) or a spear-head sharpened upon the صُلَّب, which is like the whetstone. (A.)

صُلْبُوبٌ The مِزْمَار [or musical reed, or pipe]: (O, Ḳ:) or, as some say, the قَصَبَة [or tube] that is in the head of the مزمار [app. meaning its mouth-piece]. (O.)

صَالِبٌ A hot fever; contr. of نَافِضٌ [which means “attended with shivering, or trembling”]: (Ṣ:) or a fever not such as is termed نَافِضٌ: (M:) or a fever attended with vehement heat, and not attended with cold: (TA:) or a fever attended with tremour (A, Ḳ, TA) and quivering of the skin: (TA:) or a continual fever: (Mṣb:) or a fever attended with صُدَاع [or headache]: (Ḥam p. 345:) it is said by Ibn-Buzurj to be from the صُدَاع: (L, TA:) it is masc. and fem.: one says, أَخَذَتْهُ الحُمَّى بِصَالِبٍ [which may be rendered Fever with burning heat,, &c., seized him] and أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى صَالِبٌ [virtually meaning the same]; the former of which is the more chaste: and one seldom or never makes one of the two nouns to govern the other in the gen. case: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, they said حُمَّى صَالِبٌ and حُمَّى صَالِبٍ and صَالِبُ حُمَّى. (MF, TA.) صَالِبِى أَشَدُّ مِنْ نَافِضِكَ [My burning fever, or continual fever,, &c., is more severe than thy fever attended with shivering] is a prov., (Meyd, TA,) applied to two things, or events, of which one is more severe than the other. (Meyd.)

See also صُلْبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

صَوْلَبٌ andصَوْلِيبٌ↓, (Lth, O, Ḳ, TA,) in some of the lexicons صَيْلِيبٌ↓, (TA,) Seed that is scattered (Lth, O, Ḳ, TA) upon the earth, (Lth, O, TA,) and upon which the earth is then turned with the plough: (Lth, O, Ḳ, TA:) Az thinks it to be not Arabic. (TA.)

مُصَلَّبٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with the resemblance of the صَلِيب [or cross]: (Ṣ, M, TA:) or figured with a صَلِيب: (A, Mṣb:) or figured with the resemblances of صُلْبَان [or crosses]. (TA.) [See 2.]

And A camel marked with the brand called the صَلِيب; (M, A, TA;)as alsoمَصْلُوبٌ↓: fem. of the latter with ة {مَصْلُوبَةٌ}, applied to a she-camel; (M, TA;) as of the former also, applied to camels. (TA.)

And An Abyssinian (حَبَشِىٌّ) marked with the figure of the صَلِيب [or cross] upon his face. (A, TA.)

See also صُلَّبِىٌّ, in two places.

رُطَبٌ مَصَلِّبٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and تَمْرَةٌ مُصَلِّبَةٌ, (M,) [Ripe dates, and a date,] becoming, or having become, dry. (Ṣ, M, Ḳ.) When date-honey (دِبْس) has been poured on such dates, that they may become soft, they are termed مُصَقَّرٌ. (Ṣ.)

مَطَرٌ مُصَلِّبٌ Vehement, injurious rain. (L, TA.)

مَصْلُوبٌ (M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andصَلِيبٌ↓ (M, A, Ḳ) [Crucified;] put to death in a certain wellknown manner: (M:) applied to a slayer of another, (Mṣb,) or to a thief. (A.) [See 1, latter half.]

See also مُصَلَّبٌ.

مَصْلُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ Affected by a continual and vehement fever; (Ṣ, TA;) or by a fever such as is termed صَالِبٌ. (TA.)