Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ضَرَّهُ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and ضَرَّ بِهِ, (Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَضْرُرُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. ضَرٌّ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) andضارّهُ↓, [which see also below,] (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُضَارَّةٌ (Mṣb, Ḳ) and ضِرَارٌ; (A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) andاضرّهُ↓, (Ḳ,) orاضرّ↓ بِهِ, (Mṣb,) or both, inf. n. إِضْرَارٌ; (TA;) He, or it, harmed, injured, hurt, marred, mischiefed, or damaged, him, or it; contr. of نَفَعَهُ; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) did to him, or it, an act that was evil, or disliked, or hated. (Mṣb.)

ضَرَّهُ إِلَيْهِ: see 8.

لَا يَضُرَّكَ عَلَيْهِ جَمَلٌ ‡ No camel will be more sufficient for thee than he; syn. لَا يَزِيدُكَ: and لَا يَضُرُّكَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ ‡ [No man will be more sufficient for thee than he; or] thou wilt not find a man who will be more sufficient for thee than he; i. e. لَا تَجِدُ رَجُلًا يَزِيدُكَ عَلَى مَا عِنْدَ هٰذَا الرَّجُلِ مِنَ الكِفَايَةِ: (ISk, Ṣ:) and مَا يَضُرُّكَ عَلَى الضَّبِّ صَيْدٌ ‡ No animal that is hunted is more sufficient for thee than the ضَبّ; and so مَا يَضِيرُكَ: and مَا تَضُرُّكَ عَلَيْهَا جَارِيَةٌ ‡ No girl, or young woman, is more sufficient for thee than she; syn. مَا تَزِيدُكَ: (A:) and مَا يَضُرُّكَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا ‡ He, or it, is not at all more sufficient for thee than he, or it; syn. مَا يَزِيدُكَ. (IAạr, TA.)

ضَرَّ, [sec. pers. app. ضَرُرْتَ, and aor. يَضُرُّ,] inf. n. ضَرَارَةٌ, † He was, or became, blind: part. n. ضَرِيرٌ [q. v.]. (MA.)

ضارّهُ, inf. n. مُضَارَّةٌ and ضَرَارٌ, He harmed him, injured him, or hurt him, in return, or in requital: whence the saying in a trad., لا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَارَ فِى الإِسْلَامِ There shall be no harming, injuring, or hurting, of one man by another, in the first instance, nor in return, or requital, in El-Islám: (Mgh, TA:*) ضِرَارٌ is syn. with مُضَارَّةٌ: (Ṣ:) or, accord. to some, it is syn. with ضَرَرٌ; and in the phrase in a trad. mentioned above, is added as a corroborative. (TA.) See also 1. مُضَارَّةٌ in the case of a testament is the not executing it; or the violating it in part; or the bequeathing to any unfit person or persons; and the like; contrary to the سُنَّة. (TA.)

He disagreed with, or differed from, him; dissented from him; was contrary, opposed, or repugnant, to him; or he acted contrarily, contrariously, adversely, or in opposition, to him; syn. خالَفَهُ. (Ḳ.) And hence, accord. to some, the saying in a trad., (O, Ḳ,) relating to the seeing God on the day of resurrection, (O,) لَا تُضَارُّونَ فِى رُؤْيَتِهِ, (O, Ḳ,) i. e. Ye will not differ, one from another, nor dispute together, respecting the truth of the seeing Him; (Zj, O,* TA;) because of his manifest appearance: (Zj, TA:) or the meaning is, لَا تُضَامُّونَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and thus some relate it, (TA,) meaning ye will not draw yourselves together, (Ḳ, TA,) and straiten one another; one saying to another “Show me Him,” like as people do in looking at the new moon, but each will by himself have the sight of Him: (TA:) or, as some say, it is لَا تَضَارُّونَ↓ [originally تَتَضَارُّونَ], meaning لَا تَضَامُّونَ, [which is the same in signification as لَا تُضَامُّونَ], i. e. with fet-ḥ to the ت: (TA, and so in one of my copies of the Ṣ:) and some say, لا تُضَارُونَ, from الضَّيْرُ; (Mgh, TA;) [i. e. ye will not be hurt;] meaning ye will not hurt one another: (M in art. ضير:) and some, لَا تُضَامُون, from الضَّيْمُ. (Mgh, TA.)

See also 4; and the phrase تَزَوَّجَ عَلَى مُضَارَّةٍ, voce ضِرٌّ.

اضرّهُ and اضرّبِهِ: see 1, first sentence.

اضرّهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ He compelled him against his will to do the thing. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.) [See also 8.]

اضرّ, intrans., ‡ It (anything) approached so near as to harm, injure, or hurt; (TA;) or so near as to straighten, or incommode. (L.) You say, اضرّ بِهِ, meaning ‡ It approached very near to him, so as to annoy him: (TA, from a trad.:) or ‡ he drew very near to him: (Ṣ, A:) or ‡ he clave, or stuck, to him. (A.) And اضرّ بِالطَّرِيق ‡ He approached the road, but was not upon it. (TA.) And بَنُو فُلَانٍ يُضِرُّ الطَّرِيقُ ‡ The sons of such a one are one the travelled track. (A.) And اضرّ السَّيْلُ مِنَ الحَائِطِ † The torrent drew near to the wall: and السَّحَابُ إِلَى الأَرْضِ the clouds to the earth. (Ḳ.)

اضرّ عَلَيْهِ ‡ He importuned him; plied him; plied him hard; pressed him; pressed him hard; was urgent with him; persecuted him, or harassed him. (A.)

اضرّ الفَرَسُ عَلَى فَأْسِ اللِّجَامِ ‡ The horse champed the فأس [q. v.] of the bit; (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, A;) and so اضزّ. (Ṣ.)

اضرّ فُلَانٌ عَلَى السَّيْرِ الشَّدِيدِ † Such a one bore patiently hard journeying. (TA.)

Also, (Mṣb,) inf. n. إِضْرَارٌ, (Ṣ,) He took to himself a wife while having another wife: (Aṣ, Ṣ, Mṣb, TA:) [and so, app., ضارّ↓: (see ضِرٌّ:)] or he gave [a woman] in marriage to a man having at the time another wife. (TA.)

اضرّ يَعْدُو (Ṣ, Ḳ,* TA) signifies He hastened (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) somewhat in running, accord. to AʼObeyd; (Ṣ, TA;) but Et-Toosee says that this is a mistake, and that it is correctly اصرّ. (TA.)

تضرّر He was [harmed, injured, or hurt; or] afflicted, grieved, or sick: and he experienced straitness, pressure, or inconvenience. (KL.)

لَا تَضَارُّونَ [originally تَتَضَارُّونَ]: see 3.

اضطرّهُ إِلَى كَذَا It, (a thing, or an affair, TA,) or he, [a man, or God,] necessitated, constrained, compelled, forced, or drove, him to have recourse to, or to do, such a thing; or impelled, or drove, him, against his will, to it, or to do it; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) so that he had no means of avoiding it; as alsoضَرَّهُ↓ إِلَيْهِ: (Mṣb:) it made him to want, or be in need of, such a thing: (Ḳ, TA:) from ضَرَرٌ signifying “narrowness,” or “straitness.” (TA.) [See also 4. Hence the phrase, لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ إِلَى أَصْلِكَ, expl. in art. اصل. See also the Ḳur ii. 120, and xxxi. 23.]

اُضْطُرَّ إِلَى كَذَا He was, or became, necessitated, constrained, compelled, forced, or driven, to have recourse to, or to do, such a thing; or was impelled, or driven, against his will, to it, or to do it: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) he wanted, or was or became in need of, such a thing. (Ḳ.)

ضُرٌّ Harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage; contr. of نَفْعٌ; as alsoضَرٌّ↓, (A, Ḳ,) or this is an inf. n., (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and the former is a simple subst.; (ADk, Mṣb, Ḳ;) andضَرَرٌ↓ [which is now the most common]: (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, TA:) or an evil state or condition; (ADk, T, Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoضَرَرٌ↓ andتَضِرَّةٌ↓ andتَضُرَّةٌ↓; (Ḳ; for the right reading in the Ḳ is والضَّرَرُ سُوْءُ الحَالِ, as in the L, &c.; not والضرر وسوء الحال; TA; [but in some of the copies of the Ḳ, and in the TA, this signification is assigned to ضَرٌّ instead of ضُرٌّ; and in the latter, its pl. is said to be أَضُرٌّ;]) and poverty; and bodily affliction: but the contr. of نَفْعٌ is termed ضَرٌّ↓, with fet-ḥ: (ADk, T, Mṣb, TA:*) [see also ضَرَّةٌ and ضَرَرٌ and ضَرَّآءُ and ضَرُورَةٌ and ضَارُورَآءُ, all of which have similar meanings:] and disease; (A, Mṣb;) thus in the Ḳur xxi. 83: (Mṣb:) or leanness: (Ṣ, A, TA:) the state, or condition, of him who is termed ضَرِير [q. v.]. (TA.)

See also the next paragraph, in two places.

ضَرٌّ The taking a wife in addition to another wife; (Ṣ;) a subst. from ضَرَّةٌ. (Ḳ.) You say, نُكِحَتِ المَرْأَةُ عَلَى ضِرٍّ The woman was taken to wife in addition to a former wife. (Ṣ.) And, accord. to Aboo-ʼAbd-Allah Et-Tuwál, تَزَوَّجْتُ المَرْأَةَ عَلَى ضِرٍّ andضُرٍّ↓ [I took the woman to wife in addition to another wife]. (Ṣ.) And تَزَوَّجَ عَلَى ضِرٍّ andضُرٍّ↓ i. e.مُضَارَّةٍ↓, meaning He married so as to have two or three wives together. (Ḳ.) And Kr mentions the phrase, تَزَوَّجْتُ المَرْأَةَ عَلَى ضِرٍّ كُنَّ لَهَا [I took to wife the woman in addition to others who were her fellow-wives]: and if it be so, ضِرّ is an inf. n. [used in this instance as an epithet, and therefore applicable to a pl. number as well as to a single person], formed by the rejection of the augmentative letter [in its verb, i. e. أَضَرَّ], or it is a pl. that has no sing. (TA.)

One says also رَجُلٌ ضِرُّ أَضْرَارٍ (Ḳ, TA) i. e. A man [who is] a strong one of strong ones; like as one says صِلُّ أَصْلَالٍ and ضِلُّ أَضْلَالٍ: (TA:) or very cunning (دَاهِيَةٌ) in his judgment, or opinion. (Ḳ, TA.)

ضَرَّةٌ[Necessity, or need;] a subst. from 8: (Ḳ, TA:) hardness, distressfulness, or afflictiveness, of state or condition: and annoyance, molestation, harm, or hurt. (Ṣgh, Ḳ.) See also [ضُرٌّ, and] ضَرَرٌ, and ضَرَّآءُ, and ضَرُورَةٌ.

A woman's husband's wife; her fellow-wife: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) an appellation disliked by the Muslim; جَارَةٌ being used in preference to it; accord. to a trad.: (TA:) pl. ضَرَائِرُ (Mṣb, Ḳ) and ضَرَّاتٌ; (Mṣb;) the former extr. [with respect to rule]; (TA;) the latter regular. (Mṣb.) [See also عَلَّةٌ.]

Hence, sing. of ضَرَائِرُ signifying ‡ Discordant things or affairs; likened to fellow-wives, who will not agree. (TA.)

And [hence also, app.,] الضَّرَّتَانِ is a term applied to † The two stones of a mill. (Ṣ, M.)

The flesh of the ضَرْع [or udder]: (Ṣ:) or the udder (ضرع) altogether, (Ḳ, TA,) except the أَطْبَآء [or teats], when containing milk, but not otherwise: (TA:) or the base of the ضرع, which is never, or scarcely ever, without milk in it: (TA:) or the base of the ثَدْى [or breast]: and i. q. خِلْفٌ [q. v.]. (Ḳ.) One says ضَرَّةٌ شَكْرَى, meaning A full ضرّة: (Ṣ in this art.:) or a ضرّة having much milk. (Ṣ in art. شكر.)

ضَرَّةُ الإِبْهَامِ The portion of flesh that is beneath the thumb, which is what corresponds to the أَلْيَه in the hand: (Ṣ:) or الضَّرَّةُ signifies the portion of the palm of the hand extending from beneath the little finger to the wrist: (Zj, in his “Khalk el-Insán:”) or the inner side of the hand, (Ḳ, TA,) over against the little finger, corresponding to the الية in the hand: (TA:) or the portion of flesh beneath the thumb: (Ḳ:) or the root thereof [i. e. of the thumb]: (TA:) and that part of the flesh of the sole of the foot upon which one treads, next the great toe. (Ḳ.) [See أَلْيَةٌ.]

The pl. of ضَرَّةٌ (in all the senses expl. above, TA) is ضَرَائِرُ, (Ḳ, TA,) which [as said above] is extr. (TA.)

And الضَّرَّتَانِ signifies The buttocks, on each side of the bone thereof: (Ḳ:) or the two flabby portions of flesh, on each side. (M, TA.)

Also Much property, (Ṣ,) or many cattle, (Ṣ,* TA,) exclusive of money: (TA:) or property, or cattle, (مال,) upon which one relies [for his maintenance], but belonging to another, or others, (Ḳ, TA,) of his relations: (TA:) and a detached number of cattle, of camels, and of sheep or goats. (Ḳ, TA.)

ضَرَرٌ: see ضُرٌّ, in two places.

Also Defect, deficiency, detriment, or loss, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) and soضَرَّةٌ↓ andضَرَارَةٌ↓, (TA,) that happens to a thing, (Ḳ,) or to articles of property. (Mṣb.) You say, دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ضَرَرٌ فِى مَالِهِ [Defect, deficiency, detriment, or loss, came upon him in his property, or cattle]. (TA.) And هُوَ فِى ضَرَرِ خَيْرٍ [He is in a state of defective, or little, prosperity]. (TA.) See also ضَرَّآءُ.

Also Narrowness, or straitness. (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, Ḳ.) You say مَكَانٌ ذُو ضَرَرٍ A narrow place. (AʼObeyd, Ṣ.) And لَا ضَرَرَ عَلَيْكَ andلا ضَارُورَةَ↓ andلا تَضِرَّةَ↓ [app. No straitness shall befall thee: or no evil: or no adversity: or no want]. (Ṣ.)

And Narrow. (Ḳ.) You say مَكَانٌ ضَرَرٌ A narrow place. (TA.) And مَآءٌ ضَرَرٌ Water in a narrow place. (IAạr.)

And The brink, or edge, of a cave, or cavern. (AA, O, Ḳ.) One says, لَا تَمْشِ عَلَى هٰذَا الضَّرَرِ [Walk not thou on this brink, or edge, of a cave]. (AA, O.)

ضَرِيرٌ i. q. مُضَارَّةٌ [i. e. Injurious conduct, either in the first instance or in return or requital:, &c.: see 3]: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) a subst. in this sense: (TA:) but it is mostly used in the sense here next following. (Ṣ, TA.)

‡ Jealousy. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.) One says, ما أَشَدَّ ضَرِيرَهُ عَلَيْهَا ‡ How great is his jealousy on her account! (Ṣ, A.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو ضَرِيرٍ عَلَى ٱمْرَأَتِهِ ‡ Verily he is jealous on account of his wife. (TA.)

Also Spirit (نَفْسٌ), and remains of stoutness of body (بَقِيَّةُ جِسْمٍ): (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or, as some say, remains of spirit (بَقِيَّةُ نَفْسٍ). (TA.) One says نَاقَةٌ ذَاتُ ضَرِيرٍ A she-camel strong in spirit, slow in becoming fatigued: (Ṣ, TA:) also expl. as meaning that injures the [other] camels by the vehemence of her pace, or the hardness of her journeying. (TA.) And بَاقٍ ضَرِيرُهَا, referring to camels, is expl. by Aṣ as meaning Whose strength is lasting. (TA.)

Also Patience, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and endurance. (Ṣ.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو ضَرِيرٍ Verily he has patient endurance of evil: (TA:) and إِنَّهُ لَذُو ضَرِيرٍ عَلَى الشَّرِّ وَالشِّدَةِ Verily he has patient endurance of evil and hardship; (Aṣ, Ṣ,* TA;) a phrase used in relation to a man and to a beast. (TA.)

Also [an epithet] signifying Anything intermixed, or mingled, with ضُرّ [i. e. harm, injury,, &c.]; and soمَضْرُورٌ↓. (Ḳ.)

† Blind; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [a more respectful epithet than أَعْمَى]; pl. أَضِرَّآءُ: (Ḳ:) † harmed by the loss of an eye, or by a constant and severe disease: (Mṣb:) ‡ diseased: (A, Ḳ:) and † lean, or emaciated: (Ḳ:) affected with a malady of long continuance; or crippled, or deprived of the power to move or to stand or to walk, by disease, or by a protracted disease: (TA:) fem. with ة {ضَرِيرَةٌ}: (A, Ḳ:) and pl. as above. (TA.)

And Persevering, and strong. (TA.) [Thus having contr. meanings.]

And Very patient (AA, Ṣ, Ḳ) in endurance of everything; applied to a beast, (AA, Ṣ,) and also to a man. (TA.)

Also The brink of a valley; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) the side thereof: one says, نَزَلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَحَدِ ضَرِيرَى الوَادِى, meaning [Such a one alighted] upon one of the two sides of the valley: (Ṣ:) pl. أَضِرَّةٌ. (TA.)

[Freytag has explained it also, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, as meaning The last part of a journey.]

ضَرَائِرُ Persons in want, needy, or poor. (Ṣ.)

Also pl. of ضَرَّةٌ, [q. v.,] (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) in various senses. (TA.)

ضَرَارَةٌ: see ضَرَرٌ: and ضَرَّآءُ, in two places.

Also † Blindness. (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA.) [See 1, last sentence, where it is mentioned as an inf. n.]

ضَرُورَةٌ Necessity, necessitude, need, or want; (Lth, Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoضَارُورَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andضَارُورٌ↓ andضَارُورَآءُ↓ andضَرَّةٌ↓: (Ḳ, TA:) pl. ضَرُورَاتٌ. (TA.) You say, حَمَلَنِى الضَّرُورَةُ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا [Necessity urged me to do such and such things]. (Lth.) Andرَجُلٌ ذُو ضَارُورَةِ↓ and ضَرُورَةٍ A man in want. (Ṣ.) [And hence فِى الضَّرُورَةِ as meaning In the case of necessity in poetry or verse: and ضَرُورَةً by necessity; meaning by poetic license. See also ضَرُورِيَّةٌ.]

And Difficulty, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, fatigue, or weariness. (Mṣb.) [See also ضُرٌّ, and ضَرَّةٌ, and ضَرَّآءُ.]

ضَرُورِىٌّ [Necessary knowledge]; as opposed to اِكْتِسَابِىٌّ, [natural, bestowed by nature, instinctive, or] such as the creature has by [divine] appointment; and, as opposed to اِسْتِدْلَالِىٌّ, [intuitive, immediate, axiomatic, or] such as originates without thought, or reflection, and intellectual examination of an evidence or a proof. (Kull.) [See also بَدِيهِىٌّ.]

[ضَرُورِيَّةٌ as an epithet applied to a proposition means Qualified by the expression بِالضَّرُورَةِ (by necessity).]

[And the pl. ضَرُورِيَّاتٌ means Necessary, or indispensable, things.]

[ضَرُورِيَّةٌ Necessity. (See also ضَرُورَةٌ.)]

[As fem. of the epithet ضَرُورِىٌّ, see this latter word.]

ضَرَّآءُ A hurtful state or condition; (IAth;) contr. of سَرَّآءُ: (IAth, Mṣb:) or hardship, distress, or straitness of condition [or of the means of subsistence, or of the conveniences of life]; (AHeyth;) i. q. شِدَّةٌ; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) as also بَأْسَآءُ, like which it is a fem. n. without a masc.; and accord. to Fr, أَضُرٌّ and أَبْؤُسٌ may be used as pls. of these two ns.: (Ṣ:) or, accord. to Az, † that [evil] which relates to the person; as disease: whereas بأسآء is that which relates to property; as poverty: (Bḍ in ii. 172:) or detriment, or loss, with respect to property and with respect to persons; (A, Ḳ;) as alsoضَرَّةٌ↓, orضُرَّةٌ↓, (accord. to different copies of the Ḳ,) andضَرَارَةٌ↓: (Ḳ:) and [hence] poverty: and punishment: and drought, or barrenness; or vehement, or intense, drought; (TA: [see also ضَارُورَآءُ:]) and † disease of long continuance; or such as cripples, or deprives of the power to move or to stand or to walk; (A, Ḳ;) as alsoضَرَرٌ↓, as used in the Ḳur iv. 97: or, accord. to Ibn-ʼArafeh, the latter there means † a hurtful malady that cuts one off from serving in war against unbelievers and the like; as alsoضَرَارَةٌ↓; relating to sight,, &c. (TA.)

[Also, accord. to Freytag, Tangled trees, in a valley: but the word having this meaning is correctly ضَرَآءٌ, belonging to art. ضرو and ضرى, q. v. And be explains it also as meaning a bare, or an open, place; and the contr. i. e. a place covered with trees; referring to the “Kitáb el-Addád.”]

ضَرَّارٌ [That harms, injures, hurts,, &c., much]. (TA in art. خلو.)

ضَارٌّ [act. part. n. of 1; Harming, injuring, hurting,, &c.; or that harms,, &c.; noxious, injurious,, &c.]. النَّافِعُ الضَّارُّ, an appellation of God, means He who benefiteth and who harmeth whomsoever He will, of his creatures. (TA.)

ضَارُورَآءُ Drought: and hardship, distress, or adversity. (Ḳ.) See also ضَرُورَةٌ. [And see ضُرٌّ, and ضَرَّآءُ.]

[صِفَةٌ ٱضْطِرَارِيَّةٌ i. q. صِفَةٌ خِلْقِيَّةٌ i. e. A natural quality; opposed to ٱخْتِيَارِيَّةٌ.]

مُضِرٌّ Approaching (Ḳ, TA) to a thing: and approaching so near as to harm, injure, or hurt. (TA.) سَحَابٌ مُضِرٌّ means Clouds approaching the earth. (Ṣ, A.)

Also A man having two wives, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) or having [several] wives at the same time. (Mṣb.) And a woman having a fellow-wife, (TA,) or having fellow-wives; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) having a fellow-wife, or two fellow-wives; as also مُضِرَّةٌ. (Ḳ.)

And A man having a ضَرَّة [q. v.] of cattle: (TA:) or who has a ضَرَّة of cattle that return to him in the afternoon, or evening, from the place of pasture. (Ṣ, TA.)

مَضَرَّةٌ A cause, or means, of harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage; contr. of مَنْفَعَةٌ: (Ṣ, TA:) [and simply] harm, injury, hurt,, &c.; syn. ضَرَرٌ: pl. مَضَارُّ. (Mṣb.)

مِضْرَارٌ A woman, and a she-camel, and a mare, that takes fright, and runs away, and goes at random, (تَنِدُّ وَتَرْكَبُ شِدْقَهَا,) by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (IAạr, Ḳ.)

بَيْعُ المُضْطَرِّ, which is forbidden in a trad., is of two kinds: one is The sale that one is compelled to contract against his will; and this is null: the other is the sale to which one is necessitated to consent in consequence of a debt that he has incurred or of a burden that has come upon him, so that he sells at a loss that which is in his possession; and this kind of sale is valid, though disapproved by the people of knowledge. (IAth, TA.)