Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

see the next paragraph {4}, in two places.

One says also, ضَوَّأْتُ عَنْهُ [meaning I brought to light, made visible, discovered, or revealed, him, or it]. (M, TA.) A sheep, or goat, belonging to an Arab of the desert strayed; whereupon he said, اَللّٰهُمَّ ضَوِّئْ عَنْهُ [O God, bring it to light, or discover it]. (A, TA.)

Accord. to Lth, but he is the only authority for it known by AM, (TA,) ضَوَّأَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَضْوِئَةٌ, means He declined, or turned away, from the affair. (Ḳ, TA.)

اضآء, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) said of a thing, (M,) [as, for instance,] of the moon, (Mṣb,) or اضآءت, said of fire (النَّار,), (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, O,) inf. n. إِضَآءٌ; (Mṣb;) andضَآءَ↓, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) or ضَآءَت, (Ṣ, O,) aor. يَضُوْءُ, (M,) or تَضُوْءُ, (Ṣ,) inf. n. ضَوْءٌ (Ṣ, M, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ضُوْءٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Mṣb;) but the former verb is preferred; (TA;) It gave light, was light or bright, shone, or shone brightly. (Mṣb, Ḳ,* TA.) [See also an ex. of↓ the latter verb in a verse cited voce أُفُقٌ; and cited here in the TA.] And أَضَأْتُ لَهُ [I gave light to him]. (M.)

The former verb is also trans.: you say, أَضَآءَتْهُ النَّارُ [The fire made it to be light or bright, to shine, or to shine brightly]: (Ṣ, O:) and أَضَأْتُهُ andضَوَّأْتُهُ↓ [I made it to give light, to be light or bright, to shine, or to shine brightly]: (M, Mṣb,* Ḳ:) and أَضَأْتُ بِهِ البَيْتَ andضَوَّأْتُهُ↓ بِهِ [I lighted, or illumined, with it (i. e. with a lamp or the like) the house, or chamber, or tent]. (M.)

[Hence,] اضآء بِبَوْلِهِ ‡ He ejected his urine [so as to make its drops to glisten]; or emitted it and then stopped it; syn. حَذَفَ بِهِ; (Ḳ, TA;) or خَذَفَ بِهِ; (so in a copy of the M, as on the authority of Kr;) or, as in the A, أَذْرَعَ بِهِ. (TA.)

And they said مَا أَضْوَأَهُ [How light, or bright, is it!]. (Ṣ voce أَظْلَمَ [q. v.].)

And اضآء signifies also أَصَابَ ضَوْءًا [He saw (lit. lighted on, or found,) light, or brightness]. (T voce أَظْلَمَ [q. v.])

تضوّأ He stood in the dark to see people by the light of their fire, (AZ, Ḳ, TA,) without their seeing him. (AZ, TA.) And تضوّا ٱمْرَأَةً [He stood in the dark to see a woman by the light of her fire, without her seeing him]. (TA.)

اِسْتَضَأُتُ بِهِ [I sought to obtain light by means of it; I made use of it for light]. (M, Ḳ.) لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ [lit. Seek not ye to obtain light by means of the fire of the people of belief in a plurality of gods], (O, Ḳ,) a saying of the Prophet, (O,) means ‡ seek not ye counsel, or advice, of the believers in a plurality of gods, in affairs: (O, Ḳ:) because he whose affair is confused and dubious to him is as though he were in darkness. (O.)

ضَوْءٌ andضُوْءٌ↓ andضِيَآءٌ↓ (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ) andضِوَآءٌ↓, (M, Ḳ,) the last of which is [erroneously] written in the L ضَوَآءٌ, (TA,) signify the same, (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ,) i. e. Light, syn. نُورٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) accord. to the leading lexicologists; but see what follows: (TA:) and ضَوْءٌ is an inf. n. of ضَآءَ, (Ṣ, M, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and so is ضُوْءٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or this is a simple subst. from ضَآءَ, and so is ضِيَآءٌ↓, which is also, sometimes, written ضِئَآءٌ↓, from أَضَآءَ as syn. with ضَآءَ: (Mṣb:) the pl. of ضَوْءٌ (M, TA) andضُوْءٌ↓ (M) is أَضْوَآءٌ; andضِيَآءٌ↓ is sometimes a pl., (M, TA,) as Zj states it to be: (TA:) some say that ضَوْءٌ has a more intensive signification than نُورٌ, and that hence God has likened his direction [the Ḳur-án] to النُّور rather than to الضَّوْء; because if it were otherwise, no one had erred: and that hence, also, [in the Ḳur x. 5,] the sun is termed ضِيَآء↓; and the moon, نُورٌ: it is also said that ضَوْءٌ signifies the rays that are diffused by what is termed نُورٌ: the ḳádee Zekereeyà affirms that these two words are syn. by their original application, but that ضَوْءٌ is more forcible accord. to usage: and some say that الضَّوْءُ signifies that [light] which subsists by itself, as [that of] the sun, and fire; and النُّورُ, to that which subsists by some other thing [as does the light of the moon]. (MF, TA.)