Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ضَاقَ, aor. يَضِيقُ, inf. n. ضَيْقٌ (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ضِيقٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or this latter is a simple subst., (Mṣb,) It was, or became, narrow, or strait; contr. of اِتَّسَعَ; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoتضيّق↓, [or rather this signifies it was, or became, rendered narrow, or strait, being quasi-pass. of 2,] andتضايق↓: (Ḳ:) it is said of a thing, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) and of a place. (Mṣb.) [See also ضَيْقٌ below.] ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْأَرْضُ, in the Ḳur ix. 119, means The earth became strait to them. (Bḍ, Jel.) And one says, ضَاقَتْ بِهِ الأَرْضُ [meaning, in like manner, The earth, or land, became narrow, or strait, with him]: ʼAmr Ibn-El-Ahtam says,

* لَعَمْرُكَ مَا ضَاقَتْ بِلَادٌ بِأَهْلِهَا *

* وَلٰكِنَّ أَخْلَاقَ الرِّجَالِ تَضِيقُ *

[By thy life, or by thy religion, countries have not become narrow with their inhabitants, but the dispositions of the men become narrow]. (O, TA.) [ضاق بِهِ often signifies, and so doesتضايق↓ به, It was, or became, choked, surcharged, or overfilled, with it; for instance, a water-course with water, and a place with people.] Andتضايق↓ بِهِ الأَمْرُ means ضاق عَلَيْهِ ‡ [The affair was, or became, strait to him]. (O, TA. [See an ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.]) One says also, ضاق عَلَيْهِ مَعَاشُهُ: see 4. [And ضاق الوَقْتُ † The time became strait, or contracted.] And ضاق صَدْرُهُ † His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted: (Mṣb:) and ضاق عَنْهُ صَدْرُكَ † [Thy mind became so contracted as to be incapable of it: or thy mind shrank from it]. (Ḳ.) [And يَضِيقُ العَقْلُ عَنْ تَقْدِيرِهِ † The intellect is incapable of determining its limit, or limits, or the like.] And ضاق عَنِ الجَوَابِ and بِالجَوَابِ † [He was straitened, or embarrassed, so as to be unable to reply, or to answer; he was incapable of replying, or answering]: both signify the same. (TA in art. زند.) And ضاق بالأَمْرِ ذَرْعًا, (Ṣ,* O,* Mṣb,) meaning † The thing, or affair, was difficult, or distressing, to him, (Mṣb,) originally ضاق ذَرْعُهُ بِهِ, (Ṣ,* O,* Mṣb,) i. e. his ability [was straitened by it, or was inadequate to it]; and his power: (Mṣb:) or his art, or artifice, or cunning: or his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting (مَذْهَبُهُ) [was straitened, or rendered difficult, or distressing, by it]. (O. [See more voce ذَرْعٌ: and see a similar phrase in the Ḳur xi. 79 and xxix. 32.]) And hence, app., the saying ضاق المَالُ عَنِ الدُّيُونِ ‡ The property was inadequate to the debts. (Mṣb.) And you say, ضاق عَنْكَ الشَّىْءُ [meaning لَمْ يَسَعْكَ † The thing was not allowable to thee]: one says, لَا يَسَعُنِى شَىْءٌ وَيَضِيقَ عَنْكَ, (Ṣ, O,* TA, [in the O, erroneously, لا يستغنى,]) i. e. وَأَنْ يَضِيقَ عَنْكَ † [A thing will not be allowable to me conjointly with its being disallowable to thee, وَأَنْ يَضِيقٌ meaning مَعَ ضَيْقِهِ]: بَلْ مَتَى وَسِعَنِى شَىْءٌ وَسِعَكَ [but when a thing is allowable to me, it is allowable to thee]. (Ṣ in art. وسع.) And ضاق, (aor. يَضِيقُ, Ḳ, inf. n. ضِيقٌ, TA,) ‡ He was or became, niggardly, or avaricious. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA.)

ضيّقهُ, (Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَضْيِيقٌ, (Mṣb, TA,) He made it strait, or narrow; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) namely, a place [&c.]; (Mṣb;) as alsoاضاقهُ↓, (Ḳ,) inf. n. إِضَاقَةٌ. (TA.) You say, ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ المَكَانَ, (Ṣ,) or الشَّىْءَ, i. e. I straitened, or made narrow, to him [the place, or the thing; or I scanted it, or made it scanty]; contr. of وَسَّعْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ. (O.) And ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ [alone, used elliptically, I straitened him, properly speaking; and also, † his circumstances, &c.]. (Mṣb.) And ضُيِّقَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ † [Such a one was straitened]. (TA.) لِتُضَيِّقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ, in the Ḳur [lxv. 6, † In order that ye may straiten them], implies relation to expenses and to the bosom. (TA.) [See 3. التَّضْيِيقُ بَيْنَ شَيْئَيْنِ, occurring in the Ṣ and Ḳ in art. حوص, means The making a coarctation between two things.]

ضايقهُ He straitened him: (MA:) [see also 2: or, properly, he straitened him, being in like manner straitened by him: see 1 in art. زحم: and] ‡ he treated him, or behaved towards him, with hardness, or harshness; (O,* Ḳ,* TA;) فِى كَذَا [in, or in respect of, such a thing]. (TA.)

اضاق ‡ His means of living became strait (ضَاقَ↓ عَلَيْهِ مَعَاشُهُ); (TA;) his property went away; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) and he became poor. (TA.)

See also 2.

see 1, in three places. تضايقوا They straitened one another; pushed, or pressed, one against another; or crowded one another; in a place of assembly; syn. زَحَمَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: (Mṣb in art. زحم:) or they became straitened in a place, or † in disposition. (Ṣ, O.)

استضاقت بِدُرْجَةٍ [She endeavoured to constrict her vagina by means of a pessary], (O, Ḳ, TA,) or بِالأَدْوِيَةِ [by means of medicaments]; (A, TA;) said of a woman. (A, O, Ḳ.)

ضَيْقٌ an inf. n. of 1, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) as alsoضِيقٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or the latter is a simple subst.: (Mṣb:) [both, used as simple substs., signify Narrowness, or straitness:] accord. to Fr, [both seem to signify thus; but the latter, properly; and the former, tropically; for he says that] الضَّيْقُ is in that which does not [really] become wide, like the mind (الصَّدْر): (O:) or it is مَا ضَاقَ عَنْهُ صَدْرُكَ [that of which the mind by its being contracted is incapable, or from which the mind shrinks; an explanation not given in the Ḳ as on the authority of Fr, and deviating from his words as given in the O; whence it appears that, for مَا, we should perhaps read فِيمَا]: (Ḳ:) butالضِّيقُ↓ is in that which may be [really] wide, like the house and the garment: (O, Ḳ:) and the former [is also used as an epithet, being a contraction of ضَيِّقٌ in this case, and as such] has a dual and a plural and a feminine; but the latter has not: (O:) or↓ both are alike [in signification]: (Ḳ:) andضَيْقَةٌ↓ is syn. with ضِيقٌ. (Ṣ.)

Also, andضَيَقٌ↓, accord. to AA, (O, [the latter there expressly said to be بِالتَّحْرِيكِ,]) or the former andضِيقٌ↓, (Ḳ, [said in the TA to be a mistake for ضَيَقٌ, but see what follows,]) Doubt (AA, O, Ḳ) in the heart: (Ḳ) the first is more common than the second, in this sense; and occurs in the Ḳur in xvi. last verse and xxvii. 72: (O:) [but] Ibn-Ketheer read, in both of these instances, ضِيق↓; and this and ضَيْق are dial. vars. signifying straitness of mind. (Bḍ.)

See also ضَيِّقٌ, in two places:

and ضَيْقَةٌ, second sentence, in two places.

ضَيْقَةٌ: see ضَيْقٌ, latter part.

Also (Ṣ) ‡ Poverty; and an evil state or condition; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA;) and soضِيقَةٌ↓: (Ḳ, TA:) and the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] (Fr, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) of the former (Fr, Ṣ, TA) is ضَيْقٌ↓: (Fr, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, ضِيقٌ:]) Fr says, when you see الضَّيْق↓ to have occurred in the place of الضِّيق, it is in [one of] two cases; either it is the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of الضَّيْقَةُ; or it means the narrow, or strait, thing, ضَيْقٌ being a contraction of ضَيِّقٌ. (TA.)

And الضَّيْقَةُ, (O,) or ضَيْقَةُ [without the article], (JK, O, TA,) orالضِّيقَةُ↓, (Ḳ, [app. a mistake, for in the O, in every case, whether as a proper name or not, الضيقة is written الضَّيْقَةُ,]) is the name of A certain mansion of the moon, (JK, O, Ḳ, TA,) [not one of the Twentyeight Mansions,] close by الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades]: (JK, O, TA:) or, as IḲt says, on the authority of Ibn-Ziyád El-Kilábee, sometimes the moon falls short of الدَّبَرَان and alights in الضيقة, i. e. two small stars, near together, between الثُّرَيَّا and الدَّابَرَان: (TA:) it is asserted by the Arabs to be an inauspicious place. (O,* TA.) Hence the saying of El-Akhtal,

* فَهَلَّا زَجَرْتَ الطَّيْرَ لَيْلَةَ جِئْتَهَا *

* بِضَيْقَةَ بَيْنَ النَّجْمِ وَالدَّبَرَانِ *

[And wherefore didst not thou draw an omen from the flight of birds on the night when thou camest to her, when the moon was in Deykah, between the Pleiades and Ed-Debarán?]: he notifies that the moon, in the night of their coming together, was making its abode [in the neighbourhood of] الدبران, which is inauspicious: (O, TA:) or [the latter hemistich, as J relates it, app. on the authority of AʼObeyd, is thus,]

* بِضَيْقَةِ بَيْنَ النَّجْمِ وَالدَّبَرَانِ *

from الضَّيْقَةُ as syn. with الضَّيْقُ; (Ṣ;) and as AA relates the verse, it is [thus] with kesr to the ة in بضيقة; the word not being made the [proper] name of a place, but the meaning being بضيقة مَا بَيْنَ النجم والدبران [i. e. in the narrow space between the Pleiades and Ed-Debarán]. (TA.)

ضَيْقَةٌ is also the fem. of ضَيْقٌ the contracted form of ضَيِّقٌ. (Ṣ, O, TA.)

ضُوقَى and ضِيقَى are fems. of أَضْيَقُ↓; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) the former [as well as the latter] is [originally] of the measure فُعْلَى, (TA,) [each being originally ضُيْقَى,] the ى being changed in the former into و because quiescent and preceded by ḍammeh: (Ṣ, O, TA:) the former occurs in the saying of a woman to her fellowwife, contending with her for superiority,

* مَا أَنْتِ بِالخُورَى وَلَا الضُّوقَى حِرًا *

[Thou art not the better nor the narrower, &c.; خُورَى being in like manner fem. of أَخْيَرُ]. (TA.) Accord. to Kr, the former is pl. ofضَيِّقَةٌ↓; (TA;) and he says the same of ضِيقَى also; (TA voce كَيِّسٌ;) but ISd says, I know not how this may be, for فُعْلَى is not of the measures of pls. except of the kind of pl. which differs not from its sing. otherwise than in the latter's having ة [as an affix], like بُهْمَاةٌ and بُهْمَى [q. v.]. (TA in the present art.)

ضَيِّقٌ andضَيْقٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) the latter a contraction of the former, (Ṣ,) the two being like هَيِّنٌ and هَيْنٌ [&c.], (O,) andضَائِقٌ↓, (Ḳ,) Narrow, or strait: (Ṣ,* O,* Ḳ:) or ضَيِّقٌ is an epithet used in this sense when permanence [of the attribute] is meant [and so therefore is its contracted form]; andضَائِقٌ↓ as meaning [being, or becoming, narrow or strait; or] temporarily narrow or strait: (Mṣb:) the fem. [of the first {ضَيِّقَةٌ} (TA) and of the second {ضَيْقَةٌ} (Ṣ, O, TA) as well as of the third {ضَائِقَةٌ}] is with ة: (Ṣ, O, TA:) see also ضُوقَى: [the pls. of the first and second, applied to rational beings, is ضَيِّقُونَ and ضَيْقُونَ, like مَيِّتُونَ and مَيْتُونَ: and] the pl. ofضَائِقٌ↓ is ضَاقَةً. (TA.) You say شَىْءٌ ضَيِّقٌ (O, Mṣb) andضَيْقٌ↓ (O) A narrow, or strait, thing. (O,* Mṣb.) And صَدْرٌ ضَيِّقٌ † A strait, or contracted, mind; (Mṣb;) and نَفْسٌ ضَيِّقَةٌ [meaning the same]. (TA.) Andوَضَائقٌ↓ بِهِ صَدْرُكَ, in the Ḳur [xi. 15], means † And thy mind is temporarily strait or contracted thereby. (Mṣb.) ضَيِّقٌ signifies also † Niggardly, or avaricious. (KL.) [And ضَيِّقُ الخُلُقِ † Narrow, or illiberal, in disposition.]

أَضْيَقُ [More, and most, narrow or strait or contracted]: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) see its fems. ضُوقَى and ضِيقَى, above. [See also three exs. voce اِسْتٌ, in art. سته.]

مَضِيقٌ A narrow, or strait, place: (Ḳ:) [a pass: a place of narrowness or straitness] of land; and of the vulva; and † [a place, or state, of straitness] of life, or of the means of subsistence: (Ḳ in art. ازم:) and ‡ a narrow, or strait, affair or case: (Ḳ, TA:) pl. مَضَايِقُ. (TA.)

أَمْرٌ مُضَيَّقٌ † [An affair rendered strait]. (TA.)

مِضْيَاقٌ, (JK, and O on the authority of Ibn-ʼAbbád, and TA,) orضِيَاقٌ↓, like كِتَابٌ [in measure], thus in all the copies of the Ḳ, (TA,) [but probably, I think, taken from a mistranscription,] A pessary (دُرْجَةٌ) of rag and perfume, with which a woman endeavours to constrict her vagina (تَسْتَضِيقُ بِهَا). (JK, Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.)