Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

طَاعَ لَهُ, (T, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) and طَاعَهُ, (Mṣb,) first pers. طُعْتُ, (Zj, O, Mṣb,*) aor. يَطُوعُ, (T, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. طَوْعٌ; (T, Mṣb, TA;) and, first pers. طِعْتُ, (Zj, O, Mṣb,*) aor. يَطَاعُ, (T, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) a good dial. var., (T, TA,) and يَطِيعُ, (Mṣb, and Ḳ in art. طيع,) inf. n. طَيْعٌ; (TA in art. طيع;) three dial. vars., coordinate to قَالَ and خَافَ and بَاعَ; (Mṣb;) He was, or became, submissive to him; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoانطاع↓ له; (AO, Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) andاطاعهُ↓, inf. n. إِطَاعَةٌ, and subst. [i. e. quasi-inf. n.] طَاعَةٌ↓: (Mṣb:) or i. q.اطاع↓; (T, TA;) which is expl. by ISd as meaning he was, or became, gentle, and submissive; as also طَاعَ, aor. يَطَاعُ: (TA:) [or each of these two verbs may be rendered he was, or became, obedient; or he obeyed; when by this is meant compliance with another's will or wish, not with a command: but] one says, أَمَرَهُ فَأطَاعَهُ↓ [He commanded him and he obeyed him], with ا, not otherwise; (Ṣ;) or أَمَرَهُ قَأَطَاعَ [he commanded him and he obeyed]; for it is said that الطَّاعَةُ↓ is never otherwise than a consequence of a command; and IF says that when one goes by command of another you say of him اطاعهُ: (Mṣb:) Er-Rághib says that الطَّاعَةُ↓ is like الطَّوْعُ; but is mostly used as meaning obedience to a command [or the like; whence the saying, اَللَّهُمَّ لَا تُطِيعَنَّ لِى شَامِتًا, expl. in art. شمت]: (TA:) andطاوعهُ↓, also, signifies he obeyed him; likeاطاعهُ↓: you say,طاوعهُ↓ عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا he obeyed him in respect of such an affair. (MA. [But see 3 below.])

[Hence,] لِسَانُهُ لَا يَطُوعُ بِكَذَا † His tongue will not aid, or assist, him with such a thing. (Ṣ, O.) See also 2. [And see 3.]

And sometimes (Ṣ) one says, طَاعَ لَهُ المَرْتَعُ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) likeاطاع↓ له, (ISk, Ṣ, O,) or like اطاعهُ, (Ḳ,) meaning ‡ The pasturage enabled him to pasture his cattle upon it (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,* TA) wheresoever he would, (TA,) and was ample to him; (O, TA;) and it was not inaccessible to him. (TA.)

تَطْوِيعٌ [primarily] signifies The making obedient; or the causing to obey. (KL.)

فَطَوَّعَتْ لَهُ نَفْسُهُ قَتْلَ أَخِيهِ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,* Ḳ,*) in the Ḳur [v. 33], means ‡ And his soul, or mind, facilitated to him [the slaying of his brother]; (Akh, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, TA;) like طَوَّقَتْهُ; (Akh, Ṣ, O, TA;) and likeطَاوَعَتْهُ↓, [which is one of the explanations in the O and Ḳ, and] which means the same; (Mṣb;) and accord. to this explanation it is tropical: Mbr says that it is an instance of فَعَّلَتْ from الطَّوْعُ; andطَاعَتْ↓ and طَوَّعَتْ are said to signify alike: (TA:) or the meaning is, aided him, or assisted him; (Fr, O, Ḳ;) accord. to which explanation, and that of Mbr, فِى is said by Az to be suppressed; the meaning being, فِى قَتْلِ أَخِيهِ; or لِقَتْلِ أَخِيهِ; and he prefers the explanation of Akh: (TA:) or the meaning is, (O, Ḳ,) accord. to Mujáhid, (O,) encouraged him, and (O, Ḳ) AʼObeyd says that by this Mujáhid meant (TA) aided him, and complied with his wish. (O, Ḳ, TA,)

طاوعهُ, (IF, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. مُطَاوَعَةٌ, (Ṣ, O, TA,) and quasi-inf. n. طَوَاعِيَةٌ, (TA,) i. q. وَافَقَهُ [as meaning He complied with him]. (IF, Ṣ,* O,* Mṣb, Ḳ,* TA.) You say, طاوعت المَرْأَةُ زَوْجَهَا, quasi-inf. n. طَوَاعِيَةٌ, The woman complied with her husband. (TA.) It is said that طاوعهُ differs from أَطَاعَهُ. (Mṣb, TA.) But see 1, latter half, in two places.

See also 2.

One says also, طاوع لَهُ المُرَادُ ‡ The thing wished, or desired, or sought after, [was, or became, easy of attainment to him; or] came to him easily. (TA.)

اطاع, inf. n. إِطَاعَةٌ, and quasi-inf. n. طَاعَةٌ: see 1, in four places. It also signifies He consented; or complied with what was desired of him; and soاستطاع↓. (TA.)

[Hence,] اطاع لَهُ المَرْتَعُ: see 1, last sentence. One says also, اطاع النَّخْلُ, (Ṣ, O,) and الشَّجَرُ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) ‡ The palm-trees, (Ṣ, O, TA,) and the trees, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA,) had ripe fruit, that might be gathered. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA.) And اطاع التَّمْرُ † The dates attained, or were near, to the time, or season, for their being cut off. (TA.)

تطوّع لِلشَّىْءِ and تطوّعهُ He desired the thing; or sought it; or sought it by artful, or skilful, management: or he constrained himself to do it: or he took it, or imposed it, upon himself submissively. (TA.) You say, تَطَوَّعْ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ حَتَّى تَسْتَطِيعَهُ, (Ṣ,) andتَطَاوَعْ↓, (Ṣ, Ḳ,*) Constrain thyself to acquire ability to perform this affair until thou shalt be able to perform it. (Ṣ.) And تطوّع بِالشَّىْءِ He did the thing without its being incumbent, or obligatory, on him; syn. تَبَرَّعَ بِهِ. (Ṣ, O,* Mṣb.) مَنْ تَطَوَّعَ خَيْرًا, in the Ḳur ii. 153 [and 180], means Whoso does good that is not obligatory on him: (Jel:) or does good in obedience, whether obligatory or supererogatory: or does good beyond what is obligatory on him: (Bḍ:) خَيْرًا being for بِخَيْرٍ: (Bḍ,* Jel:) or it is an epithet qualifying an inf. n. suppressed: or the verb is made trans. as implying the meaning of أَتَى or فَعَلَى: (Bḍ:) and the Koofees, except 'Ásim, read يَطَّوَّعْ, for يَتَطَوَّعْ. (Az,* O, TA.*) [Hence,] طَلَاةُ التَّطَوُّعِ The supererogatory prayer; syn. النَّافِلَةُ. (O, Ḳ.) And Az says that تَطَوُّعٌ signifies A thing that one does spontaneously, not made obligatory on him by an ordinance of God; as though it were made a subst. (TA.)

استطاع, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. اِسْتِطَاعَةٌ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) originally اِسْتِطْوَاعٌ, (O, B, TA,) i. q. أَطَاقَ [meaning He was able; and he was able to do, or accomplish, a thing, and to acquire or obtain it, and to have it, &c.]; (Ḳ, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, أَطَاعَ, which, however, correctly explains one meaning of استطاع, as will be seen by what follows;]) the inf. n. being syn. with إِطَاقَةٌ, (Ṣ, O, TA,) or طَاقَةٌ, (Mṣb,) and قُدْرَةٌ: (Mṣb, TA:) but it is said peculiarly of a human being [or a rational creature], whereas اطاق is used in a general manner: (IB, TA:) and the application of the former requires a peculiar constitution of the agent, and the conception of the act, and the fitness of the object to be acted upon or effected, and the possession of an instrument when the action is instrumental as in the case of writing: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and one says also, (Ḳ,) or sometimes they said, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) اِسْطَاعَ (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَسْطِيعُ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) with fet-ḥ [to the first letter]; (Mṣb;) rejecting the ت, deeming it difficult of utterance with the ط, and disliking to incorporate it into the ط because the س would then become movent, which it never is: Hamzeh (i. e. Ez-Zeiyát, TA, not Khallád, O, Ḳ, TA) read, [in the Ḳur xviii. 96,] فَمَا ٱسْطَّاعُوا, with idghám, combining two quiescent letters: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) this reading is said by Zj, as on the authority of Kh and Yoo and Sb and others, to be incorrect; but Abu-l-ʼAbbás Aḥmad Ibn Moḥammad Ibn-ʼAbd-El-Ghanee Ed-Dimyátee, who died in the year [of the Flight] 1116, and Ibn-El-Jezeree, and El-Háfidh Aboo-ʼAmr, contradict him, affirming it to be allowable: (TA:) and Akh says, (Ṣ, O,) and some of the Arabs say اِسْتَاعَ, aor. يَسْتِيعُ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) rejecting the ط; (Ṣ, O;) which Zj holds to be not allowable in reading [the Ḳur-án]: (TA:) and some of the Arabs say أَسْطَاعَ, aor. يُسْطِيعُ, [in the CK, erroneously, يَسْطِيعُ,] with the disjunctive ا [in the former], meaning أَطَاعَ, aor. يُطِيعُ, (Akh, Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) making the س to be a substitute for the suppressed vowel of the medial radical letter of the verb [اطاع], (Akh, Ṣ, O,) for, as is said by Kh and Sb, أَطَاعَ is originally أَطْوَعَ; (TA;) or, as AZ says, the verb in this case, with damm to the aor., is likened to أَفْعَلَ, aor. يُفْعِلُ, inf. n. إِفْعَالٌ: (Mṣb:) but Zj says that he who reads فَمَا ٱسَطَّاعُوا errs; for the س of اِسْتَفْعَلَ is never movent: and Sb mentions مَا أَسْتَتِيعُ; holding it to be an instance of substitution. (TA.)

See also 4. Some say that هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا مَائِدَةً مِنَ السَّمَآءِ, in the Ḳur [v. 112], means هَلْ يُجِيبُ [i. e. Will thy Lord consent, or comply with the desire, that He should send down to us a table with food upon it from Heaven?]: (Er-Rághib, TA:)

and Ks read هَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ رَبَّكَ, meaning Wilt thou demand of thy Lord that He consent, or comply with the desire? (O, TA:) for استطاعهُ signifies also He demanded his obedience, and his consent, or compliance with what he desired of him. (TA.)

طَاعٌ accord. to the copies of the O and Ḳ; but some say طَاعٍ accord. to the O: see طَائِعٌ, in three places.

طَوْعٌ: see طَائِعٌ, in seven places.

طَاعَةٌ [quasi-inf. n. of 4: as a simple subst., sometimes meaning Submission, or submissiveness: but mostly, obedience to a command]: see 1, in three places; and see also طَوَاعِيَةٌ.

[See also طَائِعٌ, of which it is a pl.]

طَوَاعَةٌ: see what next follows.

طَوَاعِيَةٌ i. q. طَاعَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) so in the saying فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الطَّوَاعِيَةِ لَكَ [Such a one is good in obedience to thee]: (Ṣ, O, TA:) or it is a subst. from 3 [q. v.]; and soطوَاعَة↓ [app. طَوَاعَةٌ]. (L, TA.)

طَائِعٌ (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) andطَاعٌ↓, (O, Ḳ,) and some sayطَاعٍ↓, formed from طَائِعٌ by transposition, (O,) andطَيِّعٌ↓, signify the same, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) i. e. Being, or becoming, submissive; [or, simply, submissive; and obeying; or obedient;] (Mṣb;) andطَوْعٌ↓, originally an inf. n., is likewise used as syn. with طَائِعٌ: (Ḥam p. 408:) the pl. is طُوَّعٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) i. e. pl. of طَائِعٌ, (Ṣ, O,) and طَاعَةٌ is [also a pl. of طَائِعٌ, like as بَاعَةٌ is of بَائِعٌ; or] syn. with مُطِيعُونَ: (TA in art. سوع:) [whence one says, دَخَلَ فِى طَاعَتِهِ, and خَرَجَ مِنْ طَاعَتِهِ, He entered among, and he quitted, his obeyers, or those who obeyed him; i. e. he became obedient, and he became disobedient, to him:] andمِطْوَاعٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) pl. مَطَاوِيعُ, (TA,) is [app., agreeably with analogy, an intensive epithet, meaning very submissive or obedient, but is said to be, in like manner,] syn. with مُطِيعٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) applied to a man: (Ṣ, O:) andمِطْوَاعَةٌ↓, applied to a man, [is app. a doubly intensive epithet; or] is syn. with مِطْوَاعٌ: (TA:) and is applied to a pl. number, as meaning compliant and submissive. (Ḥar p. 237.) One says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ طَائِعًا Such a one came [submissively, or obediently, or willingly,] not being compelled against his will. (Ṣ, O.) And a poet says,

* حَلَفْتُ بِالبَيْتِ وَمَا حَوْلَهُ *

*مِنْ عَائِذٍ بِالبَيْتِ أَوْطَاعِ↓ *

[I swore, or have sworn, by the House of God (i. e. the Kaabeh), and what are around it, of such as betakes himself for refuge to the House or of such as renders obedience by visiting it]. (O.) And one says also,جَآءَ طَيِّعًا↓ [He came of his own accord, or willingly]. (M and TA voce ذُو.) Andطَيِّعُ↓ اللِّسَانِ ‡ A man chaste, or eloquent, in speech. (TA.) Andنَاقَةٌ طَيِّعَةُ↓ القِيَادِ andطَوْعُ↓ القِيَادِ † A she-camel that is gentle; [or tractable;] that does not contend with her leader. (TA.) Andفَرَسٌ طَوْعُ↓ العِنَانِ ‡ A traciable horse. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA.) Andفُلَانٌ طَوْعُ↓ يَدِكَ ‡ Such a one is submissive to thy hand. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA.) Andاِمْرَأَةٌ طَوْعُ↓ الضَّجِيعِ A woman submissive to the bedfellow. (TA.) Andفُلَانٌ طَوْعُ↓ المَكَارِهِ † Such a one is submissive to misfortunes, [being] subject thereto. (T, TA.) [See also an ex. ofطَوْع↓ in a verse cited in art. شمت voce شَامِتَةٌ.] هُوَ أَطْوَعُ↓ السِّنَانِ means † He is one to whom the spear-head is subservient, howsoever he will. (Ḳ in art. سن.)

أَطْوَعُ [as signifying More, and most, submissive or obedient is regularly formed from طَاعَ; or] is from الطَّاعَةُ [i. e. from أَطَاعَ], and similar to أَجْوَبُ [from أَجَابَ, and therefore anomalous]. (M and L in art. جوب.) أَطْوَعُ مِنْ فَرَسٍ, and مِنْ كَلْبٍ, [More submissive, or obedient, that a horse, and than a dog,] are provs. (Meyd.)

[It app. signifies also Very submissive or obedient: see an ex. in a verse cited voce تَبَدَّعَ.]

[And it is also a simple epithet, like أَهْوَنُ, &c.:] see طَائِعٌ, last sentence.

شُحٌّ مُطَاعٌ means A niggardliness that is obeyed by him who is characterized thereby, by the refusing rights, or dues, (O, Ḳ,) which God has rendered obligatory on him, in respect of his property: occurring in a trad. of the Prophet. (O.) And المُطَاعُ, as a name of the Prophet, means He whose prayer is answered; whose intercession for his people is accepted. (TA.)

مِطْوَاعٌ: see طَائِعٌ, first sentence.

مِطْوَاعَةٌ [an epithet of a very rare form, like مِعْزَابَةٌ, q. v.]: see طَائِعٌ.

مُطَاوِعٌ an epithet applied by the grammarians to ‡ A verb that is intransitive [such as I term quasi-passive; expl. as meaning a verb whose (grammatical) agent receives the effect of the action of the agent of another verb (فِعْلٌ يَقْبَلُ فَاعِلُهُ أَثَرَ فِعْلِ فَاعِلِ فِعْلٍ آخَرَ)]. (Ṣ, O, TA.)

المُطَّوِّعَةُ and المُطَّوِّعِينَ: see what follows.

مُتَطَوِّعٌ A supererogator in any good act. (O, Ḳ.) One says, فَعَلَهُ مُتَطَوِّعًا [He did it without its being incumbent, or obligatory, on him; supererogatorily: or gratuitously, unasked, or unbidden: or disinterestedly; not seeking, or desiring, a compensation: syn. مُتَبَرِّعًا]. (Ṣ and Ḳ in art. برع.) Andالمُطَّوِّعَةُ↓ means Those who exceed what is obligatory on them in fighting, or warring, against unbelievers or the like; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) originally المُتَطَوِّعَةُ: (Mṣb:) hence المُطَّوِّعِينَ↓ in the Ḳur ix. 80; originally المُتَطَوِّعِينَ. (Ṣ, O.)