Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ظَلَّ, aor. يَظِلُّ, inf. n. ظِلَالَةٌ: see 4.

ظَلَّ, (T, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) first pers. ظَلِلْتُ, (T, Ṣ, M, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) [and accord. to SM ظَلَلْتُ also, for he says that] the verb is of the class of مَنَعَ as well as of the class of تَعِبَ, (TA,) and ظَلْتُ, (T, Ṣ,* M, O, Ḳ,) likened to لَسْتُ, (M, Ḳ,*) formed by rejecting the former ل in ظَلِلْتُ, (T, O,) and ظِلْتُ, which is [also] originally ظَلِلْتُ, (Sb, T, M, O, Ḳ,) formed by transferring to the ظ the vowel of the rejected ل, (Sb, T, M, O,) anomalously, (Sb, M,) the latter of the dial. of the people of El-Ḥijáz; (T;) aor. يَظَلُّ; (Ṣ,* M, O,* Mṣb, Ḳ;) imperative اِظْلَلْ and ظَلْ (T) [and it is implied in the M voce قَرَّ that one says also اِظْلِلْ and ظِلْ, which indicates that the aor. is also يَظِلُّ, but this requires confirmation, which I have not anywhere found]; inf. n. ظُلُولٌ (T, Ṣ, M, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ظَلٌّ (M, Ḳ) and ظِلٌّ; (thus also in a copy of the M; [but this I think doubtful;]) accord. to Lth, (T,) or Kh, (Mṣb,) [i. e. accord. to the author of the ʼEyn,] is said only of a thing that is done in the day, or daytimes; (T, Ṣ, M, O, Mṣb;) like as بَاتَ, aor. يَبِيتُ, is said only of a thing that is done in the night: (T:) it is an incomplete [i. e. a non-attributive] verb, relating to a time in which is a shade from the sun, from morning to evening, or from sunrise to sunset: (Esh-Shiháb, TA:) one says, ظَلَّ فُلَانٌ نَهَارَهُ صَائِمًا [Such a one was during his day fasting; or he passed his day fasting]: (Lth, T:) and ظَلَّ نَهَارَهُ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [He was in, or during, his day doing such a thing; or he passed his day doing such a thing]: (M, Ḳ:) and ظَلِلْتُ أَعْمَلُ كَذَا [I was in the day or daytime, or I passed the day, doing such a thing; or] I did such a thing in the day or daytime. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb.*) In the saying of 'Antarah,

* وَلَقَدْ أَبِيتُ عَلَى الطَّوَى وَأَظَلُّهُ *

* حَتَّى أَنَالَ بِهِ كَرِيمَ المَأْكَلِ *

[app. meaning And verily I pass the night in hunger, and I pass the day in it, that I may attain thereby plentiful eating], أَظَلُّهُ is for أَظَلُّ عَلَيْهِ. (Ṣ, O.) And accord. to some, (TA,) ظَلَّ لَيْلَهُ occurs in poetry; (M, Ḳ, TA;) so that one says, ظَلَّ لَيْلَهُ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا [He was in, or during, his night, or he passed his night, doing such a thing]: but it is said that in this case the verb has the meaning next following. (TA.)

And it signifies also He, or it, became; syn. صَارَ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) being in this sense likewise an incomplete [i. e. a non-attributive] verb, divested of that meaning of time which it radically denotes; as in the phrase in the Ḳur [xvi. 60 and xliii. 16], ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا [His face becomes black]: so says Ibn-Málik: (TA:) or this may mean his face continues all the day black: (Bḍ in xvi. 60:) and one says also, ظَلَّ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا meaning He continued doing such a thing: this too is mentioned by Ibn-Málik, and is of the dial. of the people of Syria. (TA.)

It is also a complete [i. e. an attributive] verb as meaning He, or it, continued; as is said in the Expos. of the “Shifè,” and by Ibn-Málik; and, as Ibn-Málik likewise says, it was, or became, long. (TA.)

ظلّلهُ عَلَيْهِ [He made it to give shade over him, or it,] (M,) inf. n. تَظْلِيلٌ. (O.) It is said in the Ḳur [vii. 160, and the like is said in ii. 54], وَظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الغَمَامَ And we made the clouds to give shade over them. (M.)

[And ظلّلهُ signifies He shaded him, or it. See an ex. in a verse of Jereer in art. ردف, conj. 3.] لٰكِنْ عَلَى الأَثَلَاتِ لَحْمٌ لَا يُظَلَّلُ [But at the tamarisk-trees is flesh that will not be shaded, or, accord. to the reading given by Meyd, بِالأَثَلَاتِ,] is a prov., said by Beyhes, in allusion to the flesh of his slain brothers, on the occasion of persons saying, ظَلِّلُوا لَحْمَ جَزُورِكُمْ [Shade ye the flesh of your slaughtered camel]. (Ṣ, O.)

See also 4.

One says also ظلّل بِالسَّوْطِ, meaning He made a sign with the whip for the purpose of frightening. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.)

اظلّ, said of a day, It was, (Ṣ, O,) or became, (M, Ḳ,) shady, or a day having shade: (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ:) or it was a day having clouds, or other [causes of shade]: (T:) or it was continually shady; as alsoظَلَّ↓, aor. يَظِلُّ, inf. n. ظِلَالَةٌ. (Mṣb.)

And, said of a thing, [It extended its shade; or] its shade extended; as alsoظلّل↓. (Mṣb.)

أَظَلَّتْنِى الشَّجَرَةُ [The tree shaded me, or afforded me shade]: and in like manner one says of other things than trees. (Ṣ, O.) أَظَلَّكَ said of a building, or of a mountain, or of a cloud, means It protected thee, and cast its shade upon thee. (Mgh.)

[Hence,] اظلّهُ † He took him into his shelter, or protection: (TA:) or he guarded, or protected, him, and placed him within the scope of his might, or power of resistance or defence. (Er-Rághib, TA.)

And أَظَلَّنِى † It (a thing) covered me: (M, Ḳ:) or it approached me, or drew near to me, so as to cast its shade upon me: (Ḳ:) or it has both of these meanings: (M:) or أَظَلَّكَ means he, (T, Ṣ,) or it, (O,) approached thee, or drew near to thee, as though he, or it, cast his, or its, shade upon thee. (T, Ṣ, O.) And hence one says, أَظَلَّكَ أَمْرٌ † An event approached thee, or drew near to thee: (Ṣ, O:) and in like manner one says of a month. (T, Ṣ, O.) And اظلّ [alone] † It (a thing) advanced: or approached, or drew near. (Mṣb.) And i. q. أَشْرَفَ [app. as meaning † He, or it, became within sight, or view]. (Mṣb.)

see the next paragraph {10}. It is also pronounced تَظَلَّى: (IAạr, T:) and signifies He kept to shady places, and to ease, or repose: (IAạr, T and Ḳ in art. ظلى:) it is like تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ. (T in that art.)

استظلّ, (T,) or استظلّ بِالِظِّلِّ, (Mṣb, TA,) He (a man, T) sheltered, or protected, himself by means of the shade: (T, TA:) or the latter means he inclined to the shade and sat in it. (M, Ḳ.) And استظلّ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ and بِهِ means تَظَلَّلَ↓ [i. e. he shaded himself (تظلّل being quasi-pass. of ظَلَّلَهُ) from the thing and by means of it]. (M, Ḳ.) You say, استظلّ بِهِ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ [He shaded himself with it, or by means of it, from the sun]. (T.) And استظلّ بِالشَّجَرَةِ He shaded and sheltered himself by means of the tree. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, Ṣ, O.)

استظلّ الدَّمُ The blood was in the جَوْف [or belly, or interior of the belly, or the chest]. (T, O, Ḳ, TA. [In the CK, من الجَوْفِ is put for فِى الجَوْفِ.])

استظلّت العَيْنُ, (T, Ibn-ʼAbbád, O,) or العُيُونُ, (Ḳ,) The eye, (T, Ibn-ʼAbbád, O,) meaning that of a she-camel, (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O,) or the eyes, (Ḳ,) sank, or became depressed, in the head. (T, Ibn-ʼAbbád, O, Ḳ.)

And استظلّ الكَرْمُ The grape-vine became luxuriant, or abundant and dense, in its branches whereon were the bunches. (M, Ḳ.)

ظِلٌّ properly signifies Shade; i. e. the light of the sun without the rays: when there is no light, it is ظُلْمَةٌ, not ظِلٌّ: (Ṣ, O:) contr. of ضِحٌّ: (M, Ḳ:) or i. q. فَىْءٌ: (Ḳ:) so some say: (M:) or so the [common] people say: (IḲt, Mṣb:) or the former is [shade] in the morning; and the latter is in the evening: (M, Ḳ:) or, accord. to IḲt, the former is in the morning and in the evening; but the latter is only after the declining of the sun from the meridian: ISk says that the former is from the rising of the sun to its declining; and the latter, from the declining to the setting: Th says that the ظِلّ of a tree, &c. is in the morning; and the فَىْء, in the evening: (Mṣb:) Ru-beh says, (M, Mṣb,) any place, (M,) or any thing, (Mṣb,) upon which the sun has been and which it has quitted is termed ظِلٌّ and فَىْءٌ; (M, Mṣb;) but a thing [or place] upon which the sun has not been is termed ظِلٌّ [only]; and hence it is said that the sun annuls, or supersedes, the ظِلّ, and the فَىْء annuls, or supersedes, the sun: (Mṣb:) AHeyth says, the ظِلّ is anything upon which the sun has not come; and the term فَىْء is applied only after the declining of the sun; the فَىْء being eastwards and the ظِلّ being westwards; and the ظِلّ being termed ظِلّ from the beginning of the day to the declining of the sun; after which it is termed فَىْء until the night: (T, TA:) one says the ظِلّ of Paradise, but not its فَىْء, because the sun will never replace its ظِلّ; but En-Nábighah El-Jaadee has assigned to Paradise فَىْء having ظِلَال: (M, TA:) in a verse of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee, ظِلٌّ is made fem. as meaning مَنِيَّة [i. e. death]: (Ḥam p. 161:) the pl. [of mult.] is ظِلَالٌ (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ) and ظُلُولٌ and [of pauc.] أَظْلَالٌ. (M, O, Ḳ.) The saying of a rájiz,

* كَأَنَّمَا وَجْهُكَ ظِلٌّ مِنْ حَجَرْ *

[As though thy face were a shade of a stone] is said to mean hardness of face, and shamelessness: or the being black in the face: (T, TA:) for the Arabs say that there is nothing more dense in shade than a stone. (TA.) قَدْ ضَحَا ظِلُّهُ [His shade, or shadow, has become sun] is said of the dead. (TA.) مَرَّ بِنَا كَأَنَّهُ ظِلُّ ذِئْبٍ [He passed by us as though he were the shadow of a wolf] means swiftly, as does a wolf. (M.) اِنْتَعَلَتْ ظِلَالَهَا † [They made their shadows to be as though they were sandals to them] is said of camels or other beasts when it is midday in summer and they have no shadow [but such as is beneath them]: a rájiz says,

* قَدْ وَرَدَتْ تَمْشِى عَلَى ظِلَالِهَا *

* وَذَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى قِلَالِهَا *

[They came to the water walking upon their shadows, and the sun was intensely hot upon the tops of their heads and humps]. (T.) And one says, هُوَ يَتْبَعُ ظِلَّ نَفْسِهِ ‡ [He follows the shadow of himself; i. e. a thing that he will not overtake; for], as a poet says, the shadow that goes with thee thou wilt not overtake by following: and هُوَ يُبَارِى ظِلَّ نَفْسِهِ ‡ [He strives to outstrip the shadow of himself], meaning that he walks with a proud and self-conceited gait: so in the A. (TA.) And اِنْتَقَلْتُ عَنْ ظِلِّى ‡ I left my state, or condition. (TA.) And تَرَكَ الظَّبْىُ ظِلَّهُ: so in the T and Ṣ and O: (TA:) but [said to be] correctly, أَتْرُكُهُ تَرْكَ الظَّبْىِ ظِلَّهُ, (Ḳ,) or لَأَتْرُكَنَّهُ, (M, TA,) i. e. [I will forsake him, or I will assuredly forsake him, as the gazelle forsakes] the place of its shade: (O, TA:) [each, however, is app. right; and the former is the more agreeable with the following explanations:] a prov., (M,) applied to the man who is wont to take fright and flee; for the gazelle, when it takes fright and flees from a thing, never returns to it: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) by the ظِلّ is here meant the covert in which it shades and shelters itself in the vehemence of the heat; then the hunter comes to it and rouses it, and it will not return thither; and one says, تَرَكَ الظَّبْىُ ظِلَّهُ, meaning the place of its shade: it is applied to him who takes fright and flees from a thing, and forsakes it so as not to return to it; and to the case of a man's forsaking his companion. (Meyd.) [ثَقِيلُ الظِّلِّ as applied to a man, see expl. in art. ثقل: see also Ḥar p. 250, where it is indicated that it may be rendered One whose shadow, even, is oppressive, and therefore much more so is his person.] In the phrase وَلَا ٱلظِّلُّ وَلَا ٱلْحَرُورُ, (M, Ḳ) in the Ḳur [xxxv. 20], Th says, accord. to some, (M,) الظِّلُّ means Paradise; (M, Ḳ;) and الحَرُورُ, the fire [of Hell]: but he adds, I say that الظِّلُّ is the ظِلّ itself [i. e. shade], and الحَرُورُ is the حَرّ itself [i. e. heat]: (M: [see also حَرُورٌ:]) and Er-Rághib says that ظِلٌّ is sometimes assigned to anything; whether it be approved, as in the phrase above mentioned; or disapproved, as in وَظِلٍّ مِنْ يَحْمُومٍ in the Ḳur [lvi. 42, meaning And shade of smoke, or black smoke]. (TA.) And الظِّلَالُ means ظِلَالُ الجَنَّةِ [The shades of Paradise]: (Fr, T, O, Ḳ, TA:) in some copies of the Ḳ, وَالظِّلَالُ الجَنَّةُ, which is a mistake: (TA:) [but this requires consideration; for] El-ʼAbbás Ibn-ʼAbd-El-Muttalib says,

* مِنْ قَبْلِهَا طِبْتَ فِى الظِّلَالِ وَفِى *

* مُسْتَوْدَعٍ حَيْثُ يُخْصَفُ الوَرَقُ *

[Before it thou wast good in, or in the shades of, Paradise, and in a depositary in the part where leaves are sewed together to conceal the pudenda]; (T, O, TA;) i. e. before thy descent to the earth (to which the pronoun in قبلها relates), thou wast good in the loins of Adam when he was in Paradise. (TA.) الجَنَّةُ تَحْتَ ظِلَالِ السُّيُوفِ [Paradise is beneath the shades of the swords] is a trad., meaning that fighting against unbelievers is a way of attaining to Paradise. (Marg. note in a copy of the “Jámiʼ eṣ-Ṣagheer.) مُلَاعِبُ ظِلِّهِ is an appellation of A certain bird; [see art. لعب;] and one says مُلَاعِبَا ظِلِّهِمَا; and مُلَاعِبَاتُ ظِلِّهِنَّ: but when you make them indeterminate, you say مُلَاعِبَاتُ أَظْلَالِهِنَّ. (T, O, Ḳ. [But in the TA in art. لعب, it is said that one dualizes and pluralizes both nouns, because the appellation becomes determinate.])

ظِلُّ اللَّيْلِ means ‡ The blackness of the night: (T, Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) metaphorically thus termed; (Ṣ;) as in the saying, أَتَانَا فِى ظِلِّ اللَّيْلِ [He came to us in the blackness of the night]: (Ṣ, O:) or it signifies جُنْحُ اللَّيْلِ [app. as meaning the darkness, and confusedness, of the night; see جُنْحٌ]; (M, TA;) or so الظِّلُّ: (Ḳ:) or this means the night, (M, Ḳ, TA,) itself; (M, TA;) so the astronomers say: (TA:) all the night is ظِلٌّ: and so is all the period from the shining of the dawn to the rising of the sun. (T.)

ظِلُّ النَّهَارِ is The colour of the day when the sun predominates over it [app. meaning when the light of the sun predominates over that of the early dawn]. (Ḳ.)

ظِلُّ السَّحَابِ means Such, of the clouds, as conceal the sun: or the blackness of the clouds. (M, Ḳ.)

And ظِلَالُ البَحْرِ means The waves of the sea; (O, Ḳ, TA;) because they are raised so as to shade the ship and those that are in it. (TA.)

ظِلٌّ also signifies A خَيَال (M, O, Ḳ) that is seen, (M, Ḳ,) [i. e. an apparition, a phantom, or a thing that one sees like a shadow, i. e. what we term a shade,] of the jinn, or genii, and of others: (M, O, Ḳ:) or the like of a خَيَال of the jinn. (T.)

Also Anything that shades one. (TA.)

And it is the subst. from أَظَلَّنِى الشَّىْءُ meaning “the thing covered me;” (M, Ḳ;) [i. e. it means A covering;] in which sense Th explains it in the phrase إِلَى ظِلٍّ ذِى ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ [in the Ḳur lxxvii. 30, Unto a covering having three parts, or divisions]; saying, the meaning is that the fire will have covered them; not that its ظِلّ will be like that of the present world. (M. [See شُعْبَةٌ.]) And ظِلُّ الشَّىْءِ means † That which serves for the veiling, covering, or protecting, of the thing; syn. كِنُّهُ. (M.) [Hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَعِيشُ فِى ظِلِّ فُلَانٍ i. e. † [Such a one lives] in the shelter, or protection, of such a one. (T,* Ṣ, O, Mṣb,* Ḳ.*) And السُّلْطَانُ ظِلُّ ٱللّٰهِ فِى الأَرْضِ, (O, TA,) a saying of the Prophet, (O,) [meaning † The sovereign, or ruling, power is God's means of defence in the earth,] because he wards off harm from the people like as the ظِلّ [properly so called] wards off the harm of the heat of the sun: (TA:) or the meaning is, † God's means of protection: or God's خَاصَّة [or special servant]. (O, TA.)

Also † Might; or power of resistance or defence: (M, Ḳ, TA:) whence [as some say] its usage in the Ḳur xiii. 35, and the usage of [the pl.] ظِلَال in xxxvi. 56 and in lxxvii. 41: [but the primary signification is more appropriate in these instances:] and so in the saying, جَعَلَنِى فِى ظِلِّهِ [i. e. † He placed me within the scope of his might, or power of resistance or defence]: so says Er-Rághib. (TA.)

And † A state of life ample in its means or circumstances, unstraitened, or plentiful, and easy, pleasant, soft, or delicate. (TA.)

Also † The beginning of winter. (T, O. [Accord. to the copies of the Ḳ, of youthfulness: but I think that الشَّبَاب in this instance, in the Ḳ, is evidently a mistranscription for الشِّتَآء.]) And † The vehemence (T, O, Ḳ) of the heat (T, O) of summer. (T, O, Ḳ.)

Also † The شَخْص [as meaning person of a human being, and as meaning the bodily or corporeal form or figure or substance which one sees from a distance, or the material substance,] of anything; (M, Ḳ, TA; [in the second and third of which is added, “or its كِنّ,” a signification which I have mentioned above on the authority of the M;]) because of its [apparent] blackness [or darkness, resembling that of a shade or shadow]: (M, TA:) whence the saying, لَا يُفَارِقُ ظِلِّى ظِلَّكَ † [My person will not quit thy person]; like the saying, لَا يُفَارِقُ سَوَادِى سَوَادَكَ: and the following exs. have been cited as instances of ظِلّ in the sense of شَخْص: the saying of a poet,

* لَمَّا نَزَلْنَا رَفَعْنَا ظِلَّ أَخْبِيَةٍ *

[as though meaning When we alighted, we raised the material fabric of tents], for it is said that they do not set up the ظِلّ which is the فَىْء, but they only set up the tents; and the saying of another,

* تَتَبَّعَ أَفْيَآءَ الظِّلَالِ عَشِيَّةً *

[as though meaning He followed the shadows of the material objects in the evening]: but Er-Rághib says that the former means, we raised the tents, and so raised the ظِلّ thereof; and in the other ex., الظلال is a general term, and الفَىْء [or افيآء] is a special term, so that it is an instance of the إِضَافَة of a thing to its kind [i. e. of prefixing a noun to one significant of its kind]. (TA.) [See also ظَلَالَةٌ.]

And accord. to Ibn-ʼAbbád, (O,) it signifies also The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth; syn. زِئْبِرٌ. (O, Ḳ.)

ظَلَّةٌ i. q. إِقَامَةٌ [Continuance, residence, abode,, &c.]. (Ḳ.)

And i. q. صِحَّةٌ: thus accord. to the copies of the Ḳ; but this may be a mistranscription; for Az and others mention, among the significations of ظلّة, [in a copy of the T, written in this case, as in others, ظُلَّة↓,] that of صَيْحَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)

ظُلَّةٌ A thing that covers, or protects, [or shades,] one, overhead: accord. to Lth, i. q.مَظَلَّةٌ↓ or مِظَلَّةٌ meaning a thing that shades one from the sun: (T:) see an ex. voce مِظَلَّةٌ: a covering: and i. q. بُرْطُلَّةٌ: (M, Ḳ:) this latter word correctly signifies a مِظَلَّة for the summer: (TA in art. برطل:) and a thing by which one is protected from the cold and the heat: (M:) anything that protects and shades one, as a building or a mountain or a cloud: (Mgh:) the first portion that shades (AZ, Ṣ, Ḳ) of a cloud (AZ, Ṣ) or of clouds; (Ḳ;) accord. to Er-Rághib, mostly said of that which is deemed unwholesome, and which is disliked; whence the use of the word in the Ḳur vii. 170: (TA:) and what shades one, of trees: (Ḳ:) or anything that forms a covering over one, (T, TA,) or shades one: (T:) and [particularly] a thing like the صُفَّة [q. v.], (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ,) by which one protects himself from the heat and the cold: (Ḳ:) or, accord. to the lawyers, ظُلَّةُ الدَّارِ means the سُدَّة [or projecting roof] over the door of the house: or that of which the beams have one end upon the house and the other end upon the wall of the opposite neighbour: (Mgh:) pl. ظُلَلٌ (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ) and ظِلَالٌ. (M, Ḳ.) [See also ظَلَالٌ.] One says also, دَامَتْ ظُلَّةُ الظِّلِّ andظِلَالَةُ↓ الظِّلِّ, meaning That whereby one shades himself, (Ḳ, TA,) of trees, or of stones, or of other things, (TA,) [continued.] عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ, in the Ḳur. [xxvi. 189], is said to mean [The punishment of the day of] clouds beneath which was a hot wind (سَمُوم): (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or an overshadowing cloud, beneath which they collected themselves together, seeking protection thereby from the heat that came upon them, whereupon it covered them, (T,* Ḳ, TA,) and they perished beneath it: (T, TA:) or, accord. to some, i. q. عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الصُّفَّةِ. (T: see art. صف.) And لَهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ وَمِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ, in the Ḳur [xxxix. 18], means To them shall be above them coverings of fire, and beneath them coverings to those below them; Hell consisting of stages, one beneath another. (T, TA.) Seditions, or conflicts and factions, are mentioned in a trad. as being like ظُلَل, by which are meant Mountains, and clouds: and El-Kumeyt likens waves of the sea to ظُلَل. (TA.) And [the pl.] ظُلَلٌ is used as meaning The chambers of a prison. (M, TA.)

See also ظَلَّةٌ.

ظِلَّةٌ i. q. ظِلَالٌ; (T, Ḳ, TA;) app. a pl. of ظَلِيلٌ, like as طِلَّةٌ is of طَلِيلٌ. (TA.)

ظَلَلٌ Water that is beneath a tree, (O,) or beneath trees, (Ḳ,) upon which the sun does not come. (O, Ḳ.) [See also ضَلَلٌ.]

ظَلَالٌ, like سَحَابٌ, [so accord. to the Ḳ, but in my copies of the Ṣ, ظِلَال↓,] A thing that shades one, (IAạr, Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA,) such as a cloud, (IAạr, Ṣ, TA,) and the like. (IAạr, TA.) [See also ظُلَّةٌ.]

ظِلَالٌ pl. of ظِلٌّ: (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ:)

and of ظُلَّةٌ. (M, Ḳ.)

[Also, app., pl. of ظَلِيلٌ: see ظِلَّةٌ.]

[Freytag has app. understood it to be expl. in the Ḳ as syn. with مَظَلَّةٌ; though it certainly is not.]

See also ظَلَالٌ.

مَكَانٌ ظَلِيلٌ A place having shade: (M, Ḳ:) or having constant shade. (T, Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ.) And hence ظِلٌّ ظَلِيلٌ (M, Ḳ) Constant shade: (Ṣ:) or extensive shade: (O:) or in this case the latter word denotes intensiveness [meaning dense]; (M, Ḳ, TA;) being like شَاعِرٌ in the phrase شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ. (TA.) ظِلًّا ظَلِيلًا in the Ḳur iv. 60 is said by Er-Rághib to be an allusion to ease and pleasantness of life. (TA.) One says also أَيْكَةٌ ظَلِيلَةٌ A collection of trees tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense. (TA.) In the saying of Uheyhah Ibn-El-Juláh, describing palm-trees,

* هِىَ الظِّلُّ فِى الحَرِّ حَقَّ الظَّلِيلِ *

* وَالمَنْظَرُ الأَحْسَنُ الأَجْمَلُ *

[ISd says] in my opinion, he means الشَّىْءُ الظَّلِيلُ حَقَّ الظَّلِيلِ; [so that the verse should be rendered They are the shade in the heat, the shady thing, the extremely shady, and the most goodly, the most beautiful, thing at which one looks; (see the phrase هٰذَا العَالِمُ حَقَّ العَالِمِ, voce حَقٌّ;)] the inf. n. being put in the place of the subst. (M.) لَا ظَلِيلٍ in the Ḳur [lxxvii. 31] means Not profitable as the shade in protecting from the heat. (TA.)

ظَلَالَةٌ, (M, TA,) with fet-ḥ, (TA,) the subst. from the verb in the phrase ظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الغَمَامَ [expl. above, see 2; as such app. meaning either The making to give shade, like the inf. n. تَظْلِيلٌ, or a thing that gives shade, like ظِلَالَةٌ]. (M, TA.)

And i. q. شَخْصٌ [expl. above, see ظِلٌّ, last quarter]: (O, Ḳ:) and so طَلَالَةٌ, with ط. (O.)

ظِلَالَةٌ: see ظُلَّةٌ.

Also A cloud that one sees by itself, and of which one sees the shadow upon the earth. (Ḳ.)

And one says, رَأَيْتُ ظِلَالَةً مِنَ الطَّيْرِ i. e. غَيَابَةً [app. meaning I saw a covert, or place of concealment, of birds]. (TA.)

ظَلِيلَةٌ A place in which a little water collects and stagnates in a water-course and the like: (Lth, T:) or a place in which water collects and stagnates in the lower part of the torrent of a valley: (M, Ḳ:) or the like of an excavated hollow in the interior of a water-course, such that the water stops, and remains therein: (AA, O:) pl. ظَلَائِلُ. (Lth, AA, T, O.) And A meadow (رَوْضَة) abounding with collections of trees, or of dense and tangled trees: (AA, T, O, Ḳ:) pl. as above. (Ḳ.)

ظُلَّيْلَةٌ A thing which a man makes for himself, of trees, or of a garment, or piece of cloth, by which to protect himself from the heat of the sun: a vulgar word. (TA.)

ظُلْظُلٌ i. q. سُعْنٌ, i. e. A مِظَلَّة↓ [q. v.; or as expl. in the L, in art. سعن, a ظُلَّة (q. v.), or a thing like the ظُلَّة, which is made upon the flat house-tops, for the purpose of guarding against the dew that comes from the direction of the sea in the time of the greatest heat]; on the authority of IAạr. (T. [Accord. to the O and Ḳ, i. q. سُفُنٌ, which is evidently a mistranscription.])

أَظَلُّ [More, and most, dense in shade]. The Arabs say, لَيْسَ شَىْءٌ أَظَلَّ مِنْ حَجَرٍ [There is not anything more dense in shade than a stone]. (TA.)

And أَظَلّ, [as a subst., i. e. أَظَلٌّ accord. to a general rule, or, if regarded as originally an epithet, it may be أَظَلُّ,] by poetic license أَظْلَل, (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ,) signifies The under part, (Ṣ, O,) or the concealed part, (M, AḤei, Ḳ,) of the مَنْسِم, (Ṣ, M, O, Ḳ,) or of the خُفّ, (AḤei, TA,) [the former app. here used, as it is said be in other cases, in the same sense as the latter, meaning the foot,] of the camel; (Ṣ, M, O, AḤei, Ḳ;) so called because of its being concealed: (AḤei, TA:) and, (M, Ḳ,) in a human being, (M,) الأَظَلُّ signifies بَطْنُ الإِصْبَعِ; (M, Ḳ;) and [ISd says] this is in my opinion the right explanation; but it is said that أَظَلُّ الإِنْسَانِ signifies بُطُونُ أَصَابِعِهِ, which means the portion, of what is next to the fore part [of the bottom] of the foot, from the root of the great toe to the root of the little toe, of the human being: (M:) the pl. is ظُلٌّ, which is anomalous, (M, Ḳ,) or formed after the manner of the pl. of an epithet: (M:) or الظُّلُّ فِى الإِنْسَانِ means the roots, or bases, (أُصُول) of what are termed بُطُونُ الأَصَابِعِ, next to the fore part [of the bottom] of the foot. (Ibn-ʼAbbád, O.) Hence the prov., إِنْ يَدْمَ أَظَلُّكَ فَقَدْ نَقِبَ خُفِّى [If the fore part of the sole of thy foot be bleeding, the sole of my foot has become worn through, in holes: see نَقِبَ]: said to the complainer to him who is in a worse condition than he. (AḤei, TA.)

مظلّ [app. مَظِلٌّ, being from ظَلَّ of which the aor. is يَظِلُّ; A place of shade, or of continual shade]. One says, هٰذَا مُنَاخِى وَمَحَلِّى وَبَيْتِى وَمظلِّى [This is my nightly resting-place for the camels, and my place of abode, and my tent, and my place of shade, or of continual shade]. (TA.)

مُظِلٌّ A thing having shade; by means of which one shades himself; as alsoمُظَلِّلٌ↓. (Mṣb.) And [A cloudy day;] a day having clouds: or having continual shade. (TA.)

مِظَلَّةٌ (T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and مَظَلَّةٌ, (T, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) the former with kesr to the م as an instrumental noun, (Mṣb,) [and the latter with fet-ḥ as a noun of place,] A large tent of [goats'] hair; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb;) more ample than the خِبَآء; so says El-Fárábee: (Mṣb:) one of the kinds of tents of the Arabs of the desert, the largest of the tents of [goats'] hair; next after which is the وَسُوط; and then, the خِبَآء, which is the smallest of the tents of [goats'] hair; so says AZ: but Aboo-Málik says that the مظلّة and the خبآء are small and large: IAạr says that the خَيْمَة is of poles roofed with [the panic grass called] ثَمَام, and is not of cloths; but the مظلّة is of cloths: (T:) or it is of the tents called أَخْبِيَة; (M;) such as is large, of the أَخْبِيَة; (Ḳ;) and it is said to be only of cloths; and it is large, having a رِوَاق [q. v.]; but sometimes it is of one oblong piece of cloth (شُقَّة), and of two such pieces, and of three; and sometimes it has a كِفَآء, which is its hinder part: or, accord. to Th, it is peculiarly of [goats'] hair: (M:) see also ظُلَّةٌ, and ظُلْظُلٌ: the pl. is مَظَالُّ; (M, Mṣb;) and مَظَالِ or مَظَالِى occurs at the end of a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee-'Áïdh El-Hudhalee, for مَظَالِّ; the [latter] ل being either elided, or changed into ى. (M.) عِلَّةٌ مَا عِلَّةُ أَوْتَادٍ وَأَخِلَّةٍ وَعَمَدِ المِظَلَّةِ اُبْرُزُوا لِصِهْرِكُمْ ظُلَّةٌ↓ [A pretext: what is the pretext of tentpegs, and of pins for fastening together the edges of the pieces of the tent-cloth, and of the poles of the large tent? go ye forth: he who has married among you has a tent for shade from the sun:] is a prov., and was said by a girl who had been married to a man, and whose family delayed to conduct her to her husband, urging in excuse that they had not the apparatus of the tent: she said this to urge them, and to put a stop to their excuse: (Meyd, TA:*) and the prov. is applied in attributing untruth to pretexts. (Meyd.)

Hence, as being likened thereto, † A booth, or shed, made of palm-sticks, and covered with [the panic grass called] ثُمَام. (Mṣb.)

And The thing [i. e. umbrella] by means of which kings are shaded on the occasion of their riding; called in Pers. چَتْر. (TA.)

عَرْشٌ مُظَلَّلٌ [A booth, or shed, shaded over] is from الظِّلُّ. (Ṣ.)

مُسْتَظِلٌّ Blood that is in the جَوْف [or belly, or interior of the belly, or the chest]. (T, O.)

And [Az says,] I heard a man of the tribe of Teiyi apply the term المُسْتَظِلَّاتُ [so accord. to a copy of the T, but in the TA المُسْتَظِلُّ,] to Certain thin flesh, adhering to the interior of the two fetlock-joints of the camel, than which there is in the flesh of the camel none thinner, nor any softer, but there is in it no grease. (T.)