Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَوَى, aor. يَعْوِى, inf. n. عُوَآءٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) and عَىٌّ and عَوَّةٌ (Ḳ, TA) and عَوْيَةٌ, with fet-ḥ and then sukoon, thus in the M, but in the copies of the Ḳ عَوِيَّةٌ, (TA,) said of a dog, (Ṣ, CK, TA,) and of a wolf, and of a jackal, (Ṣ, TA,) He cried, or cried loudly: (Ṣ:) [meaning he howled:] he twisted his muzzle, then uttered a cry: or he prolonged his cry, not doing so with clearness: andاعتوى↓ signifies the same: (Ḳ, TA:) [in the Ḥam p. 693, the former is expl. as signifying نَبَحَ and صَاحَ; but] it is said that عَوَّةٌ signifies a prolonged crying; and is not the same as نَبْحٌ [which means “a barking”]. (TA.) It is said in a prov. لَوْ لَكَ أَعْوِى مَا عَوَيْتُ [If to thee I were howling, I had not howled]; (TA;) or لَوْ لَكَ عَوَيْتُ لَمْ أَعْوِهْ, in which the ه may be the ه of pausation, or it may be put by metonymy for the inf. n. so that the meaning is لَمْ أَعْوِ العُوَآءَ: (Meyd:) it originated from the fact that a man used, [and still uses, as I have had occasion to do,] when becoming benighted, in the desert, to howl, in order that the dogs, if any person by whose presence he might be cheered were near him, might hear, and reply to him, and he might be guided by their howling: so this man howled, and the wolf came to him, whereupon he said thus: it relates to the seeker of succour from him who will not succour him. (Meyd,* TA.) And it is said in a trad., كَأَنِّى أَسْمَعُ عُوَآءَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ i. e. † [As though I heard] the crying or loud crying [or howling] of the people of the fire [of Hell]: (TA:) [for] عَوَىَ is used metaphorically as meaning he suffered distress, and complained; from the عُوَآء of the dog: (Ḥar p. 634:) as IAth says, it is more especially used in relation to the wolf and the dog. (TA.) And one says of him who is esteemed, or found to be, weak, مَا يَعْوِى وَمَا يَنْبَحُ † [He does not howl nor does he bark]. (Ḥam p. 693.)

And عَوَى إِلَى الفِتْنَةِ means † He called (Ḳ, TA) people, or a party, (TA,) [to conflict and faction, or the like;] عَوَى being used in this sense by way of likening the person who does so to a dog, or in contempt of him. (Ḥam p. 693.) [See also 10.]

عُوَآءٌ signifies also The grumbling cry (رُغَآء) of a weak young camel: used in this sense by a poet. (TA.)

عُوَآءُ المُغْتَابِ; and the phrase عَوَى عَنِ الرَّجُلِ; see in the next paragraph.

عَوَى, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. عَىٌّ, (Ṣ, TA,) He bent a thing; as alsoاعتوى↓; and likewise a bow; as alsoعوّى↓, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. تَعْوِيَةٌ: (TA:) and (TA) he twisted hair, and a rope; (Ṣ, TA;) as alsoعوّى↓, inf. n. تَعْوِيَةٌ. (Ṣ.) One says also عَوَى العِمَامَةَ عَيَّةً He twisted the turban with a single twisting. (TA.) And عَوَيْتُ رَأْسَ النَّاقَةِ I turned the head of the she-camel by means of the nose-rein. (Ṣ, TA.) Andعوّى↓ القَوْمُ صُدُورَ رِكَابهِمْ and عَوَوْهَا The party inclined the breasts of their camels that they were riding. (TA.) And عَوَى البُرَةَ He bent, or inclined, the nose-ring of the she-camel. (Ḳ,* TA.) And النَّاقَةُ تَعْوِى بُرَتَهَا فِى سَيْرِهَا The she-camel twists her nose-ring with her خِطَام [or halter] in her going. (Ṣ, TA.) And عَوَاهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ He turned him from the thing. (TA.) And one says of the man who possesses prudence, or discretion, and precaution, or good judgment, and who is hardy, strong, or sturdy, ما ينهى ولا يعوى [i. e. مَا يُنْهَى وَلَا يُعْوَى He is not forbidden nor is he turned]. (TA.)

And عَوَى signifies also He (a man) attained to the age of thirty years, so that his arm, or hand, became strong, and he twisted vehemently the arm, or hand, of another. (ISd, Ḳ.)

عوّى عَنِ الرَّجُلِ, thus in the M, with teshdeed in the case of عوى and also in the case of كذب in the explanation; but in the Ḳ, عَوَى↓ [without teshdeed]; (TA;) † He repelled from the man, or defended him; syn. كَذَّبَ, and رَدَّ: (M, Ḳ, TA:) in the Ṣ is said the like of what is said in the M; عَوَّيْتُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ being expl. in the Ṣ as meaning † I repelled from, or defended, the man (كذّبت عنه), and replied against his backbiter or censurer (رَدَدْت عَلَى مُغْتَابِهِ): and in the A, this phrase is said to be metaphorical, and expl. as meaning ‡ I repelled from the man the clamouring [or, as we say, the barking] of the backbiter or the censurer (رَدَدْت عَنْهُ عُوَآءَ↓ المُغْتَابِ): thus all these three are express authorities for the teshdeed. (TA.) [Freytag has represented the phrase in the Ṣ as agreeing with the reading thereof in the Ḳ, and has strangely expl. the verb with عن following it as meaning “Mendacii arguit et refellit.”]

See also 1, latter half, in three places.

عاوى الكِلَابَ He cried, or cried loudly, [meaning he howled,] to the dogs, they doing so to him. (Ṣ, TA.) And [hence] عَاوَاهُمْ, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. مُعَاوَاةٌ, (TA,) He cried, or cried loudly, to them, [i. e. to men,] they doing so to him. (Ḳ, TA.)

تعاوت الكِلَابُ The dogs cried, or cried loudly, [meaning howled,] one to another. (TA.)

And تَعَاوَوْا عَلَيْهِ, (Ḳ, TA,) and تَغَاوَوْا, (TA,) They collected themselves together, (Ḳ, TA,) or aided one another, (TA,) against him. (Ḳ, TA.)

انعوى It became bent [or twisted]. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

استعوى كَلْبًا [He incited a dog to cry, or cry loudly, or to howl]. (Esh-Sháfiʼee, TA in art. حمى.)

And اِسْتَعْوَاهُمْ He sought, or demanded, of them, aid, or succour: (Ḳ, TA:) or, accord. to the Ṣ, it means نَعَقَ بِهِمْ إِلَى الفِتْنَةِ [he urged them by clamour, or shouting, to conflict and faction, or the like]: (TA: [in one of my copies of the Ṣ, for إِذَا نَعَقَ بِهِمْ, the reading followed in the JM and PṢ as well as in the TA, I find اذا يُغْوِيهِمْ, which is app. a mistranscription: see also عَوَى إِلَى الفِتْنَةِ:]) accord. to Z, it means he desired, or demanded, of them, that they should cry, or cry loudly, behind him. (TA.)

اِسْتَعْوَيْتُهُ I desired, or demanded, of him, that he should twist hair, or a rope. (Ṣ.)

عَاعَى, [mentioned in the Ḳ in this art., and also, but as unexplained, in art. عيع,] aor. يُعَاعِى, inf. n. مُعَاعَاةٌ (Ḳ, TA) and عَاعَاةٌ; (TA;) and عَوْعَى, [app. the original form,] aor. يُعَوْعِى, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. عَوْعَاةٌ; (TA;) and عَيْعَى, aor. يُعَيْعِى, inf. n. عَيْعَاةٌ and عِيعَآءٌ [in some copies of the Ḳ عَيْعَآء]; He chid sheep by the cry عَا or عَوْ or عَاىْ (Ḳ, TA) or عَآءٌ. (TA.)

عَا and عَوْ [in the CK عُو] and عَاىْ (Ḳ, TA) and عَآءْ (TA) are Cries by which sheep are chidden. (Ḳ, TA.)

عَوَّةٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] A crying out, shouting, or clamouring; like ضَوَّةٌ: one says, سَمِعْتُ عَوَّةَ القَوْمِ i. e. [I heard] the cries, or shouts, or clamour, of the people, or party: so says AZ, and Aṣ says the like. (Ṣ.)

See also العَوَّآءُ, last sentence.

Also A way-mark that is set up, composed of stones: mentioned by IDrd, but incorrectly as being with damm. (TA.)

العَوَّآءُ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and العَوَّا (Ḳ) The dog (Ṣ, Ḳ) that howls (يَعْوِى) much. (Ṣ.) Hence the saying, عَلَيْهِ العَفَأءُ وَالكَلْبُ العَوَّآءُ [Upon him be the dust, and the howling dog]: a form of imprecation. (TA.)

And the latter signifies also The wolf. (TA.)

Also, both, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) but the latter is the more common, and its ا is to denote the fem. gender, like that of حُبْلَى [in which it is written ى], the word being fem., (TA,) ‡ One of the Mansions of the Moon, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) namely, the Thirteenth; (Ḳzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon;) consisting of five stars, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) said to be the haunch of the Lion [of which the Arabs, or some of them, extended the figure (as they did also that of the Scorpion) far beyond the limits that we assign to it: see ذِرَاعٌ]: (Ṣ:) or four stars [g, d, e and h, of Virgo], (Ḳ, and Ḳzw ubi suprà,) behind الصَّرْفَة [q. v.], (Ḳzw ibid.,) resembling an alif (Ḳ, Ḳzw) with the lower part turned back, in the Koofee handwriting [in which it is nearly like the Roman L (see زَاوِيَةٌ, in art. زوى)]; (Ḳzw ibid;)also called عُرْقُوبُ الأَسَدِ; (TA, as from the Ṣ, in my copies of which I do not find this;) they regard it as dogs following the Lion; and some say that it is the haunches of the Lion; (Ḳzw ubi suprà;) accord. to the A, it is thus called because it rises [a mistake for sets, aurorally, (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل,)] in the tail, or latter part, of the cold, as though it were howling (كَأَنَّهُ يَعْوِى) after it, driving it away, wherefore they call it طَارُودَةُ البَرْدِ: (TA:) or it is an appellation applied by the Arabs to the star that is on the edge of the left shoulder of Virgo, which is the Thirteenth Mansion of the Moon: or, accord. to some, the stars that are upon her belly and beneath her armpit; as though they were dogs howling (تَعْوِى) behind the Lion; so called because of the vehemence of the cold; for when they rise or set [aurorally], they bring cold. (Ḳzw in his Descr. of Virgo.) And † [The constellation Bootes;] a northern constellation, called also الصَّيَّاحُ, consisting of two and twenty stars within the figure, and one without it; the figure being that of a man having in his right hand a staff, between the stars of الفَكَّةُ and بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ: the one that is without the figure is a red, bright star, between his thighs, [i. e. Arcturus,] called السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ, and, by the Arabs, حَارِسُ السَّمَآءِ and حَارِسُ الشَّمَالِ, because it is always seen in the sky, not becoming concealed beneath the rays of the sun. (Ḳzw in his Descr. of the Northern Constellations.)

Also, (Ḳ,) or the former word, (TA,) [The aged she-camel;] the نَاب of camels; (Ḳ, TA;) on the authority of AA. (TA.)

Also, both words, (Ḳ,) the former and sometimes the latter, (Ṣ,) the former said by Az to be the more common, but MF says that the latter is the more chaste, for the former was by AAF absolutely disallowed, (TA,) The سَافِلَة, (Ṣ,) or اِسْت, (Ḳ,) [each here app. meaning anus,] of a human being; (Ṣ;) app. from عَوَى, aor. يَعْوِى, signifying “he cried,” or “cried loudly:” (TA:) as alsoعُوَّةٌ↓ (IDrd, Ḳ, TA) andعَوَّةٌ↓, (Lth, Ḳ, TA,) of which last the pl. is عَوٌّ↓ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.] and [the pl. properly so termed is] عَوَّاتٌ: but IAạr is said to have expl. العَوَّآءُ as meaning الأَسْتَاهُ [pl. of سَتَهٌ which is the original of اِسْتٌ]. (TA.)

عَاوٍ [act. part. n. of عَوَى]. One says, مَا لَهُ عَاوٍ وَلَا نَابِحٌ i. e. He has not belonging to him [a howler nor a barker, meaning sheep, or goats, among which the wolf howls and in the way to which the dog barks (to defend them)]. (TA.)

مُعَاوِيَةٌ A bitch excited by lust, (Lth, A, Ḳ, TA,) that howls (تَعْوِى) to the dogs when she is in that state, and to which they howl. (Lth, A,* TA.)

And A fox's cub. (Ḳ.)

And أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ is a surname of The فَهْد [or lynx]. (Ḳ, TA.)

The dim. of مُعَاوِيَةٌ is مُعَيَّةٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) thus say the people of El-Basrah; for when three ى s occur together and the first of them is the characteristic of the dim., one of them is suppressed [by them]; (Ṣ, TA;) and مُعَيِّيَةٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA; [in the CK مُعَيْيَةٌ;]) thus say the people of El-Koofeh, not suppressing anything, after the manner of those who say أُسَيِّدٌ; (Ṣ, TA;) and مُعَيْوِيَةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA, [in the CK مُعَيْوَةٌ,]) after the manner of those who say أُسَيْوِدٌ. (Ṣ, TA.)