Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

عَاضَهُ, (Ṣ, A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) first pers. عُضْتُهُ, (A and TA in art. عرض,) aor. يَعُوضُ, (Mṣb,) inf. n. عَوْضٌ (A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and عِوَضٌ (O, Ḳ) and عِيَاضٌ, (A, O, Ḳ,) originally عِوَاضٌ, (O, Ḳ,) He (God, A, O, Ḳ, or a man, Ṣ, O, Mṣb) gave him a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation, (Ṣ, A,* O, Mṣb, Ḳ,*) عَنْ كَذَا [for such a thing], (Mṣb,) or مِنْهُ [for it]; (O, Ḳ;) or عَاضَهُ مَا أُخِذَ مِنْهُ, said of God, [and of a man,] He gave him a substitute for, or replaced to him, what had been taken from him; (A;) andعوّضهُ↓, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَعْوِيضٌ, (TA,) signifies the same; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoاعاضهُ↓; (Ṣ, IJ, Mṣb;) andعاوضهُ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) inf. n. مُعَاوَضَةٌ. (TA.)

And عُضْتُهُ I gave to him. (IJ.)

عِضْتُ, [originally عَوِضْتُ,] aor. أَعَاضُ: see 8.

تعاوض القَوْمُ, inf. n. تَعَاوَضٌ, The people, or company of men, had their property and their former state restored to them after want. (TA.)

اعتاض He took, or received, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) as alsoتعوّض↓: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) [both of which also signify he had a thing replaced to him:] andعِضْتُ↓, [originally عَوِضْتُ,] (Lth and TA, in this art. and in art. عرض,) aor. أَعَاضُ, (TA in art. عرض,) likewise signifies I took, or received, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation: (Lth, TA:) but Az says, “I have not heard this on any other authority than that of Lth.” (O, TA.) You say also, اِعْتَاضَ خَيْرًا مِمَّا ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ [He received as a substitute, or compensation, what was better than that which had gone from him]; and [in like manner] تَعَوَّضَ↓. (A.)

اعتاضهُ He came to him seeking, or demanding, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation; (O, Ḳ;) and a free gift, or gratuity. (O, TA.) [See also 10.]

استعاض He sought, or demanded, or asked for, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb.)

It is also trans.: you say, استعاضهُ He asked him for a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation. (A,* O, Ḳ.) [See also 8, last signification.]

[استعاضهُ also signifies He asked, or desired, that it should be replaced to him.]

And اِسْتَعْوَضَهُ He took it (a thing) as a substitute, or in exchange, for another thing; or in the place of another thing; syn. اِسْتَخْلَفَهُ [q. v.]. (TA in art. خلف.)

عَوْضُ and عَوْضَ (Az, Ṣ, O, Mughnee, Ḳ) and عَوْضِ; (Mughnee, Ḳ,) the first accord. to Ks (TA) and the Koofees, and the second accord. to the Basrees; (O, TA; [in which latter it is added that the second is the most common; but this I think a mistake; for I have most frequently found the first; and in the Mughnee, عَوْضُ is mentioned first, as in the Ṣ and Ḳ, and عَوْضَ last;]) indecl., (Mughnee, Ḳ,) like قَبْلُ and أَيْنَ and أَمْسِ, (Mughnee,) without tenween; (Ṣ;) [but not always, as will be seen below;] an adv. n., (Mughnee, Ḳ,) denoting future time, (Ṣ, O,) or all future time, (Mughnee, Ḳ,) like as قَطُّ denotes past time; (Ṣ, O;) meaning Ever; syn. أَبَدًا; (Ṣ,* O, Ḳ;) but differing from أبَدًا by being appropriated to negative phrases only: (Mughnee, Ḳ:*) you say لَا أُفِارِقُكَ عَوْضُ, (Ḳ,) or عَوْضُ لَا أُفَارِقُكَ, meaning I will not separate myself from thee, ever; like as you say قَطُّ مَا فَارَقْتُكَ; but you may not say عَوْضُ مَا فَارَقْتُكَ, like as you may not say قَطُّ مَا أُفَارِقُكَ: (Ṣ, O:) or it denotes past time also, having the same meaning: for you say, مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَهُ عَوْضُ, (AZ, Ḳ,) meaning I have not seen the like of him, or it, ever: (AZ:) so in the two books [the O and the TṢ] of Ṣgh: and in like manner a poet says,

* فَلَمْ أَرَ عَامًا عَوْضُ أَكْثَرَ هَالِكًا *

[And I have not seen a year, ever, more destructive]. (TA.) But it is decl. when prefixed to another noun; as in the saying,لَا أفْعَلُهُ عَوْضَ العَائِضِينَ↓ (Mughnee, Ḳ) I will not do it, ever; (TA;) andلَا آتِيكَ عَوْضَ العَائِضِينَ↓ [I will not come to thee, ever]; like as one says, دَهْرَ الدَّاهِرِينَ: (Ṣ, O:) [for in this case you may not say عَوْضُ.] And one also says افعل ذَاكَ مِنْ ذِى عَوْضٍ, [in which the first word is written in some copies of the Ṣ and Ḳ اِفْعَلْ, and in others أَفْعَلُ,] like as one says, مِنْ ذِى أُنُفٍ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) and مِنْ ذِى قَبَلٍ, (Ṣ, O,) meaning [Do thou, or I will do, that] in what is [now] to be begun [of time; meaning, immediately: see أُنُفٌ]: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) [thus making عوض decl., and using it without a negative, which must always accompany it when it is indecl.] [See also عِوَضٌ.] Or عَوْضُ signifies Time; syn. الدَّهْرُ (Ḳ) and الزَّمَانُ; (TA;) which is thus called because, as often as a portion thereof passes, it substitutes for it another portion: (Mughnee, Ḳ:) or, as some say, because they assert that it despoils and gives compensation. (Mughnee.) [See an ex. in the Ḥam p. 271, where it occurs in this sense with tenween, in the printed text, though said in the commentary to be indecl., with fet-ḥ or with damm.] Or it is an oath; (Ibn-El-Kelbee, Mughnee, Ḳ,) and is (so in the O and Mughnee, but in the Ḳ “or”) the name of A certain idol, belonging to Bekr Ibn-Wáïl: (Ṣ, Mughnee, O, Ḳ:) as in a verse cited in art. مور: (O, Mughnee:) but if so, there is no reason for its being used indeclinably in a verse of El-Aạshà cited voce أَسْحَمُ [q. v.]: (Mughnee:) or it is a word used in the manner of an oath; a man saying to his companion, عَوْضُ لَا يَكُونُ ذٰلِكَ أَبَدًا [as though meaning Nay, that will not, or shall not, be, ever]: for if it were a noun signifying time, it would be with tenween; but it is a particle by which is meant an oath, like أَجَلْ and نَعَمْ. (Lth, O.)

عِوَضٌ A substitute; a thing given, or received, or put, or done, instead of, in place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, another thing; a compensation; a thing given, or received, by way of replacement; (O;) syn. بَدَلٌ; (M, Mṣb;) or خَلَفٌ: (A, Ḳ:) pl. أَعْوَاضٌ. (Ṣ, Mṣb.) See also مَعُوضَةٌ. [Hence, عِوَضًا عَنْهُ As a substitute for it; instead of, in the place of, or in exchange for, it; as a compensation for it;, &c.]

مِنْ ذِى عِوَضٍ i. q. من ذى عَوْضٍ. (TA in art. قبل.)

العُوَيْضَان, in the dim. form, [but whether in the sing. or dual form is not shown,] The penis of a man: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.)

عَائِضٌ in the saying of Aboo-Moḥammad El-Fak'asee, (Ḳ,) i. e. (TA) in the following saying,

* هَلْ لَكِ وَالعَارِضُ مِنْكِ عَائِضُ *

* فِى هَجْمَةٍ يُغْدِرُ مِنْهَا القَابِضُ *

(Ṣ, O, TA, in this art. and in art. عرض,) is of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like [the epithet in the phrase] عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) meaning مَرْضِيَّةٌ: (Ṣ, O:) Aṣ says that the poet is addressing a woman whom he is desirous of marrying, saying, Art thou in want, (and the gift appearing from thee shall have an exchange made for it to thee by me) of a hundred camels which I will assign to thee as a dowry, some whereof the [quick] driver will abandon, not being able to collect them together because of their large number? (Ṣ in art. عرض: [and the like is said in the O, as on the authority of Lth: but I have made a transposition in the explanation, directed in the TA, to make it agree with the order of the words of the verse:]) or the meaning is, and the giver of a thing in exchange for the enjoyment of thee receiveth an exchange from thee by marriage which is equal to that which he giveth in exchange for thee; عائض being from عِضْتُ, not from عُضْتُ: [so that, accord. to this explanation, it is used in the sense of its own proper measure, فَاعِلٌ:] but IB says that the phrase, in his poetry, is وَالعائِضُ مِنْكِ عَائِضُ, meaning the thing given in exchange by thee will be [indeed] a substitute, or a compensation; like as you say الهِبَةُ مِنْكَ هِبَةٌ: (TA in art. عرض:) the verse is also related differently, with مِائَةٍ in the place of هَجْمَةٍ, and يُسْئِرُ in the place of يُغْدِرُ. (TA.)

See also عَوْضُ, in two places.

مَعُوضَةٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) like مَعُونَةٌ, (O, TA,) a subst. from عَاضَهُ; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) [i. e. as expl. in the TḲ, meaning خَلَفٌ and بَدَلٌ;] as alsoعِوَضٌ↓. (O, Ḳ.)