Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

غَدَرَهُ, (Ḳ,) and [more commonly] غَدَرَ بِهِ, aor. ـِ {يَغْدِرُ} (Ṣ, M, IḲṭṭ, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ـُ {يَغْدُرُ}; (M, IḲṭṭ, Ḳ;) and غَدِرَ, aor. ـَ {يَغْدَرُ}, (Lḥ, Ḳ,) but ISd doubts the correctness of this last; (TA;) inf. n. غَدْرٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) of غَدَرَ; (Ṣ, Mṣb, TA;) and غَدَرٌ (TA, and so in the CK in the place of غَدْر,) and غَدَرَانٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) which are both of غَدِرَ; (TA;) He acted perfidiously, unfaithfully, faithlessly, or treacherously, to him; (M, Ḳ;) he broke his compact, contract, covenant, or the like, with him; (Mṣb;) he neglected the performance, or fulfilment, of his compact,, &c., with him: (Ṣ:) غَدْرٌ is the contr. of وَفَآءٌ, (Ḳ,) or of وَفَآءٌ بِعَهْدٍ: (M:) or it signifies the being remiss in a thing, and neglecting it. (B.)

غَدَرَ, aor. ـِ {يَغْدِرُ}, (T, O, Ḳ,) inf. n. غَدْرٌ, (T, O,) He drank the water of the غَدِير [q. v.]: (T, O, Ḳ:) and, accord. to the Ḳ, غَدِرَ, he drank the water of the sky; but this is a sheer mistake, occasioned by a misunderstanding of a saying in the T; here following: (TA:) Az says that غَدَرَ meaning as expl. above should accord. to analogy be غَدِرَ, like كَرِعَ meaning “he drank the كَرَع,” i. e. the water of the sky: (O, TA:) moreover, a distinction is strangely made in the Ḳ between the water of the غَدِير and the water of the sky. (TA.)

غَدَرَتْ وَلَدَهَا, said of a woman, is like دَغَرَتْهُ [q. v.]. (TA.)

غَدِرَ, [aor. ـَ {يَغْدَرُ}, inf. n. غَدَرٌ,] He remained, or lagged, behind; as alsoتغدّر↓, accord. to Aṣ, who cites the following verse of Imra-el-Ḳeys:

* عَشِيَّةَ جَاوَزْنَا حَمَاةَ وَسَيْرُنَا *

* أَخُو الجَهْدِ لَا نَلْوِى عَلَى مِنْ تَغْدَّرَا *

[In the evening when we passed beyond Hamáh, and our journeying was laborious, we not waiting for such as lagged behind]: but accord. to one relation it is تَعَذَّرَ, which means [the same, or] “held back, or withheld himself, for a cause rendering him excused.” (TA.) You say غَدِرَ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ He remained, or lagged, behind his companions. (TA.) And غَدِرَتِ النَّاقَةُ عَنِ الإِبِلِ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) and الشَّاةُ عَنِ الغَنَمِ, (Ṣ,) The she-camel remained, or lagged, behind the other camels, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) not coming up to them, (TA,) and so the sheep, or goat, behind the other sheep, or goats. (Ṣ.) And غَدَرَ فُلَانٌ بَعْدَ إِخْوَتِهِ Such a one remained after the death of his brothers. (TA. [But غَدَرَ, here, is app. a mistake for غَدِرَ, unless both forms be allowable.])

غَدِرَ اللَّيْلُ; (Ḳ;) or غَدِرَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ, aor. ـَ {يَغْدَرُ}, inf. n. غَدَرٌ; andأَغْدَرَت↓; (Ṣ;) The night became dark: (Ḳ:) or became intensely dark. (Ṣ.)

غَدِرَتِ الغَنَمُ, (Ḳ,) inf. n. غَدَرٌ, (TA,) The sheep, or goats, became satiated in the place of pasture in the first of the growth thereof. (Ḳ.)

غَدِرَتِ الأَرْضُ The land abounded with غَدَر [q. v.]. (Ḳ.)

غدّر He cast men, or made them to fall, into what is termed غَدَر [q. v.]; andاغدر↓ may signify the same. (O.)

غادرهُ, inf. n. مُغَادَرَةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and غِدَارٌ; (Ḳ;) andاغدرهُ↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) He left him, or it; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) he left him, or it, remaining. (Ḳ.) It is said in the Ḳur xviii. 47, لَا يُغَادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَلَا كَبِيرَةً It will not leave, or omit, or it will not fall short of, (TA,) a small sin nor a great sin. (Jel.) And in a trad., يَا لَيْتَنِى غُودِرْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِ نُحْصِ الجَبَلِ Would that I had [been left behind, and had] suffered martyrdom with the people of the foot of the mountain of Ohud, who were slain there, and the other martyrs: said by Moḥammad. (AʼObeyd.) [See also a verse of 'Antarah cited voce مُتَرَدَّمٌ; and another, of Kutheiyir, voce عَسْبٌ.]اغدر also signifies He left behind. (TA.) You sayاغدر↓ النَّاقَةَ, and الشَّاةَ, He (the pastor) left the she-camel behind the other camels, and the sheep, or goat, behind the other sheep, or goats. (Ṣ.) And لَهُ ذٰلِكَ فِى قَلْبِى مَوَدَّةً i. e. [Such a one aided me, and that] left remaining [in my heart a love for him]. (Lḥ, TA.)

استغدر It (a place) had in it pools of water left by a torrent or torrents. (Ḳ.)

And اِسْتَغْدَرَتْ هُنَاكَ غُدُرٌ Pools of water left by a torrent or torrents became formed there. (Ṣ.)

غَدَرٌ; pl. غُدُورٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ, in three places.

[Hence,] one says, أَلْقَتِ النَّاقَةُ غَدَرَهَا The she-camel cast forth what her womb had left remaining in it of blood and foul matter [after her bringing forth]. (TA.) And أَلْقَتِ الشَّاةُ غُدُورَهَا The ewe, or she-goat, cast forth the water and blood and other remains in her womb after bringing forth. (TA.)

And فِى النَّهْرِ غَدَرٌ In the river, or rivulet, is slime remaining when the water has sunk into the earth. (TA.)

غَدَرٌ signifies also A place such as is termed ظَلِف [app. as meaning hard, and that does not show a footmark, or rugged and hard], abounding with stones: (Ṣ, O, TA:) or a place abounding with stones, difficult to traverse: (TA:) or any difficult place, through which the beast can hardly, or in nowise, pass: (Ḳ:) or soft ground, in which are [trenches, or channels, such as are termed] لَخَاقِيق: (TA:) or burrows, (Lḥ, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) and banks, or ridges, worn and undermined by water, (Lḥ, TA,) and uneven لَخَاقِيق in the ground: (Lḥ, Ṣ, Ḳ, TA: [and the like is also said in the TA on the authority of Aṣ:]) and stones (Ḳ, TA) with trees; thus accord. to AZ and IḲṭṭ: (TA:) and anything that conceals one, and obstructs his sight: pl. أَغْدَارٌ. (TA.)

[Hence,] one says, مَا أَثْبَتَ غَدَرَهُ, meaning مَا أَثْبَتَهُ فِى الغَدَرِ [How firm is he in traversing the rugged and hard and stony place!, &c.]: this is said of the horse: and also † of the man when his tongue is firm in the place of slipping and of contention or litigation: (Ṣ, TA:) or, accord. to Lḥ, it means † how firm, or valid, is his argument, or plea, and how seldom does harm in consequence of slipping and stumbling befall him! or, accord. to Ks, how firm is what remains of his intellect or understanding! but ISd says that this explanation did not please him. (TA.) And فَرَسٌ ثَبْتُ الغَدَرِ A horse firm, or steady, in the place of slipping. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) And رَجُلٌ ثَبْتُ الغَدَرِ ‡ A man firm, or steadfast, in fight, or conflict, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) or in altercation or disputation, or in speech, (Ṣ accord. to different copies,) or and in altercation or disputation, (Ḳ, TA,) and in speech; (TA;) and also in everything that he commences. (Ḳ, TA.) And accord. to Ibn-Buzurj one says, إِنَّهُ لَثَبْتُ الغَدَرِ, meaning † Verily he is strong in talking or discoursing, with men, and in contending, or disputing, with them. (L.) [See also ثَبْتٌ.]

غَدِرٌ [part. n. of غَدِرَ].

See غَادِرٌ, last sentence but one.

And see also غَدُورٌ.

You say also لَيْلَةٌ غَدِرَةٌ andمُغْدِرَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) meaning A dark night; (Ḳ;) as alsoغَدْرَآءُ↓: (IḲṭṭ, TA:) or an intensely-dark night, (Ṣ,) in which the darkness confines men in their places of alighting or abode, and their shelter, so that they remain behind: or, as some say, such a night is termed مُغْدِرَةٌ↓ because it casts him who goes forth therein into the غدر [i. e. غَدَر]. (L, TA.)

غَدْرَةٌ [an inf. n. un., signifying An act of perfidy. unfaithfulness, faithlessness, or treachery]: see two exs. voce غَادِرٌ.

غُدْرَةٌ andغِدْرَةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) orغِدَرَةٌ↓, (ISk, Az, TA,) andغَدَرَةٌ↓ andغَدَرٌ↓, (Lḥ, TA,) andغُدَارَةٌ↓, with damm, (Ḳ,) orغِدَارَةٌ↓, (as written in the L,) A portion that is left, or left remaining, of a thing; (Ḳ,* TA;) a remain, remainder, remnant, relic, or residue: (Lḥ, ISk, Az, L:) the pl. of غُدْارَةٌ is غُدْرَاتٌ (Ḳ) [and accord. to analogy غُدَرَاتٌ and غُدُرَاتٌ] and app. غُدَرٌ; (TA;) and that ofغِدَرَةٌ↓ [orغِدْرَةٌ↓] is غِدَرٌ and غِدَرَاتٌ; (ISk, Az;) and that ofغَدَرٌ↓ is غُدُورٌ. (TA.) You say,عَلَى فُلَانٍ غِدَرٌ↓ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ Such a one owes arrears of the poor-rate. (ISk.) Andعَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ غَدَرَةٌ↓ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ andغَدَرٌ↓ The sons of such a one owe an arrear of the poor-rate. (Lḥ, L.) Andبِهِ غَادِرٌ↓ مِنْ مَرَضٍ In him is a relic of disease; like غَابِرٌ. (TA.)

غَدْرَآءُ Darkness. (Ḳ.)

See also غَدِرٌ.

أَرْضٌ غَدْرَآءُ Land abounding with places of the kind termed غَدَر. (IḲṭṭ, TA.)

غَدُورٌ: see غَادِرٌ, in two places.

Also A she-camel that remains, or lags, behind the other camels: (Ḳ, TA:) in some of the copies of the Ḳ غَدُورَةٌ, with ة; but the former is the right. (TA.) Andنَاقَةٌ غَدِرَةٌ↓ غَبِرَةٌ غَمْرَةٌ A she-camel that remains, or lags, behind the other camels, in being driven. (Lḥ.)

غَدِيرٌ A pool of water left by a torrent: (AʼObeyd, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفَاعِلٌ, from غَادَرهُ, or مُفْعَلٌ, from أَغْدَرَهُ; or, as some say, of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ; (Ṣ;) because it is unfaithful to those who come to it to water, failing when much wanted: (Ṣ,* TA:) but it is a subst.; [not an epithet; or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, and only used as a subst.:] you do not say هٰذَا مَآءٌ غَدِيرٌ: (Lḥ:) or a place in which rain-water stagnates, whether small or large, not remaining until the summer: (Lth:) or a river: (Mṣb:) [but this is extr.:] pl. [of pauc. أَغْدِرَةٌ, (occurring in a verse cited voce إِلَّا, &c.,) and of mult.] غُدْرَانٌ (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA) and غُدُرٌ (Ṣ, Nh, L, TA,) which last is sometimes contracted into غُدْرٌ: (TA:) in the Ḳ, the last pl. is said to be of the measure of صُرَدٌ; [i. e.غُدَرٌ↓;] but this is inconsistent with what is said in other lexicons, as shown above: and it is also said in the Ḳ that غُدَرٌ signifies the same as غَدِيرٌ, in the sense first given above; but it appears that this is a pl. of غُدْرَةٌ; and that, in the Ḳ, we should read, for وَالغَدِيرُ, كَالغَدِيرِ, and place this before, instead of after, its explanation. (TA.)

Hence, ‡ A piece of herbage; (TA;) as alsoغَدِيرَةٌ↓: pl. غُدْرَانٌ: (Ḳ, TA;) this is the only pl. (TA.)

Hence also, (TA,) ‡ A sword; (Ḳ, TA;) like as it is called لُجٌّ. (TA.)

Andغَدِيرَةٌ↓ also signifies A she-camel left by the pastor (Ṣ, Ḳ) behind the other camels; and in like manner, a sheep, or goat. (Ṣ.)

غُدَارَةٌ or غِدَارَةٌ: see غُدْرَةٌ.

غَدِيرَةٌ: see غَدِيرٌ, last two sentences.

Also A portion, or lock, or plaited lock, of hair, hanging from the head; syn. ذُؤَابَةٌ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) accord. to Lth, every عَقِيصَة is a غَدِيرَة; and the غَدِيرَتَانِ are the two portions, or locks, or plaited locks, of hair (ذَؤَابَتَانِ) which fall upon the breast: (TA:) pl. غَدَائِرُ: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or غدائر pertain to women, and are plaited; and ضَفَائِر, to men. (TA.)

غَدِيرَةُ الحَائِكِ means The hollow, in the ground, in which the weaver puts his legs, or feet: also called الوَهْدَةُ. (Mgh in art. وهد.)

غَادِرٌ andغُدَرٌ↓ [respecting which see below] (Ṣ, Ḳ) andغَدُورٌ↓ andغَدَّارٌ↓ andغِدِّيرٌ↓ (Ḳ) are epithets applied to a man [and signifying, the first, Perfidious, unfaithful, faithless, or treacherous; or acting perfidiously,, &c.; and the rest, very perfidious,, &c.]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) andغَدُورٌ↓ andغَدَّارٌ↓ andغَدَّارَةٌ↓ are epithets applied to a woman [and signifying as above]: (Ḳ:) butغُدَر↓ is mostly used in calling to a man and reviling him: (Ṣ:) you say to a man, يَا غُذَرُ [O very perfidious man]; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) and in like manner,يَا مَغْدَرُ↓, andيا مَغْدِرُ↓, andيَا ٱبْنَ مَغْدَرٍ↓, andيا ابن مَغْدِرٍ↓, all determinate; (Ḳ, TA;) and to a woman, يا غَدَارِ↓, like قَطَامِ: (Ḳ:) [accord. to some,غُدَر↓ is only used in this manner, and is therefore without tenween; for] it is said that رَجُلٌ غُدَرُ is not allowable, because غُدَرُ is determinate: but Sh says رَجُلٌ غُدَرٌ, writing it, says Az, with tenween, contr. to what Lth says; and this is correct; a word of the measure فُعَل being imperfectly decl. [only] when it is a determinate subst., like عُمَرُ and زُفَرُ: and IAth says that غُدَرُ is altered from its original form, which is غَادِرٌ, for the sake of intensiveness: (TA:) in the pl. [sense] you say يَالَ غُدَرَ, (Ṣ,) or يَا لَغُدَرَ, [for يَا آلَ غُدَرَ, (see the letter ل, and see آلٌ, in art. اول,)] like يَا لَفُجَرَ. (TA.) It is said in a trad.,يَا غُدَرُ↓ أَلَسْتُ أَسْعَى فِى غَدْرَتِكَ↓ [app. meaning, O thou very perfidious: am I not striving, or labouring, in respect of thine act of perfidy, to rectify it?]. (Ṣ: but in one copy, غُدْرَتِكَ.) And in another trad., relating to El-Hodeybiyeh, يَا غُدَرُ↓ وَهَلْ غَسَلْتَ غَدْرَتَكَ↓ إِلَّا بِٱلْأَمْسِ [O thou very perfidious: and didst thou wash away thine act of perfidy save yesterday?]: said by 'Orweh Ibn-Mesʼood to El-Mugheereh. (TA.) And in another trad.,اِجْلِسْ غُدَرُ↓ [Sit thou, O very perfidious]; for يَا غُدَرُ: said by ʼÁïsheh to El-Kásim. (TA.)

[Hence,]سِنُونَ غَدَّارَةٌ↓ ‡ Years in which is much rain and little herbage; from [the inf. n.] الغَدْرُ; i. e. that excite people's eager desire for abundance of herbage, by the rain, and then fail to fulfil their promise. (TA.)

[Andغَدِرٌ↓ is app. syn. with غَادِرٌ; for] غَدِرَةٌ occurs in a trad. applied to land (أَرْض), as though meaning † Not producing herbage bountifully; or giving growth to herbage, and then soon becoming blighted, or blasted; wherefore it is likened to the غَادِر, who acts unfaithfully. (TA.)

See also غُدْرَةٌ, last sentence.