Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

فَلَحَ, aor. ـَ {يَفْلَحُ}, inf. n. فَلْحٌ, He clave, split, slit, or cracked; and he cut: (Ḳ: [compare فَلَجَ, and فَلَقَ, and فَلَذَ:]) he clave, and cut, iron. (T, Mṣb.) Hence, the saying of a poet, (T, TA,)

* إِنَّ الحَدِيدَ بِالحَدِيدِ يُفْلَحُ *

Verily iron with iron is cloven, and cut. (T, Ṣ, Mgh,* Ḳ.*) And فَلَحَ رَأْسَهُ, inf. n. as above, He clave, split, or cracked, his head. (TA.) And فَلَحَ شَفَتَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He slit, or cracked, his lip. (L.) And فَلَحَ الأَرْضَ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Mṣb.) He furrowed, or ploughed, the land, to cultivate it; he tilled the ground. (Ṣ, Mṣb. [And فَلَجَهَا has a similar meaning.])

Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, He acted with artifice, fraud, or guile; (Ḳ, TA;) and soفلّح↓, inf. n. تَفْلِيحٌ. (Ḳ, TA.) You say,فلّح↓ بِهِمْ He acted with artifice, fraud, or guile, towards them, and said what was not true. (TA.) Andفلّح↓ بِهِ He mocked at him, or derided him, and acted with artifice, fraud, or guile, towards him. (L, Ḳ.*)

And, aor. as above, inf. n. فَلْحٌ and فَلَاحَةٌ, He defrauded him in a sale; syn. of the inf. n. بَخْسٌ فِى بَيْعٍ: (so in the CK:) or he bade high for an article of merchandise in order to inveigh another into purchasing it at a high price: syn. of the inf. n. نَجْشٌ فِى بَيْعٍ. (So in other copies of the Ḳ, and in the L and TA.) You say, فَلَحَ بِهِ [He so acted towards him in a sale]: this is when one trusts to thee, and says to thee, “Sell to me a slave,” or “an article of merchandise,” or “buy it for me,” and thou comest to the merchants, and buyest it at a high price, and sellest by defrauding, and obtainest something from the merchant: or, accord. to the T, فَلْحٌ signifies a hirer's exceeding [in an offer] in order that another may do so; thus inciting him. (L.)

فَلِحَتْ شَفَتُهُ السُّفْلَى, [aor. ـَ {يَفْلَحُ},] inf. n. فَلَحٌ, His under lip was slit, or cracked. (MA.) See also فَلَحٌ below.

افلح He prospered; was successful; attained, or acquired, that which he desired or sought, (MA, L, Mṣb,) or what was good, or felicity, or that whereby he became in a happy and good state: (L:) he was, or became, fortunate, happy, or in a happy and good state. (MA.) It is commonly known as an intrans. verb; but Talhah Ibn-Musarrif and ʼAmr Ibn-ʼObeyd, read قَدْ أُفْلِحَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ, [the first verse of ch. xxiii. of the Ḳur-án,] with the verb in the pass. form. (MF.) [See also 10.]

He was, or became, in a state of safety. (L.)

He continued in a good, or prosperous, state, (MA, L,) and in the enjoyment of ease, comfort, or the blessings of life. (L.)

افلح بِالشَّىْءِ He lived [or continued in life] by means of the thing. (Ḳ.) The saying of 'Abeed,

* أَفْلِحْ بِمَا شِئْتَ فَقَدْ يُبْلَغُ *

* بِٱلْنُّوكِ وَقَدْ يُخَدَّعُ الأَرِيبُ *

means Live thou by what thou wilt: whether by stupidity or by intelligence; for [one's object is sometimes attained by stupidity, and the intelligent, or sagacious, is sometimes deluded, or much deluded; or] the stupid is sometimes supplied with the means of subsistence, and the intelligent is [sometimes] denied: (T, L:) or the meaning is prosper thou,, &c. (L.)

اِسْتَفْلِحِى بِأَمْرِكِ, said by a man to his wife, (Ṣ,) a form of words used in divorcing (L, Ḳ) in the Time of Ignorance, (L,) Prosper thou in thy case, (AO, Ṣ, Mgh, TA,) and be independent therein: (AO, Mgh, TA:) when a man says thus to his wife and she consents, his saying so once separates her from him so that he cannot take her back: (L, from a trad.:) but as it is merely an allusive expression, intention is necessary to render it binding: as some relate the trad, it is with ج [i. e. استفلجى: see art. فلج]. (MF.) [See also 4, above.]

فَلْحٌ A fissure, cleft, slit, or crack: pl. فُلُوحٌ. (Mṣb.) One says, فِى رِجْلِهِ فُلُوحٌ In his (a man's, Ṣ) foot are fissures, or cracks, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) preduced by cold: (TA:) as also فُلُوجٌ. (Ṣ, TA.)

فَلَحٌ A fissure, or crack, in the under lip; (T, Ḳ;) [or] فَلَحَةٌ↓ has this meaning; (Ṣ;) or signifies the place of such a fissure or crack: (L:) [or the former is a coll. gen. n.; and the latter, its n. un.:] that which is in the upper lip is termed عَلَمٌ: (T, TA:) or فَلَحٌ signifies a fissure, or crack, in the lip: or, in the middle of the lip, less than what is termed عَلَمٌ: or a slitting, or cracking, in the lip, such as happens to the lips of the [Africans called] زَنْج. (L.)

[And] The having the under lip slit, or cracked. (Ṣ. [App. an inf. n. of which the verb isفَلِحَ↓: like as it is of فَلِحَت said of the under lip as mentioned above.])

See also فَلَاحٌ.

فَلَحَةٌ: see فَلَحٌ.

Also A [field, or land, such as is termed] قَرَاح, (AḤn, L, Ḳ,) furrowed, or ploughed, for cultivation: its pl., فَلَحَات, occurs in a verse of Hassán, as some relate it; but as others relate it, it is فَلَجَات, with ج. (AḤn, L.)

فَلَاحٌ (Ṣ, A, Mgh, L, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.) andفَلَحٌ↓ (Ṣ, L, Ḳ) the latter a contraction of the former, (L,) Prosperity; success; the attainment, or acquisition, of that which one desires or seeks, (Ṣ, A, Mgh, L, Mṣb, Ḳ,) or of that whereby one becomes in a happy and good state. (L.) And Safety, or security. (Ṣ, L, Ḳ.) And Continuance, or permanence, in a good, or prosperous, state, (A, L, Ḳ,) and in the enjoyment of ease, comfort, or the blessings of life; and the continuance of good: (L:) and simply continuance, permanence, lastingness, duration, or endurance. (ISK, Ṣ, L.) There is not in the language of the Arabs any word more comprehensive in its significations of what is good in the present life and in the final state than الفَلَاحُ. (TA.) حَىَّ عَلَى الفَلَاحْ, in the call to prayer, means Come ye to the means of the attainment of Paradise, and of permanence therein: (IAth, L:) or hasten to the attainment of everlasting life: (L:) or come to safety, or security: (Ṣ:) or come ye to the way of safety and prosperity: (Mṣb:) or come to the continuance of good. (L.) And you say, لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ فَلَاحَ الدَّهْرِ I will not do that while time lasts. (L.) A poet says,

* وَلٰكِنْ لَيْسَ لِلدُّنْيَا فَلَاحُ *

meaning [But there is not to the present state of existence] lastingness, or endurance. (Ṣ, L.)

Also (both words) ‡ The [meal, or food, called] سَحُور [that is eaten a little before daybreak previously to commencing a day's fast]: (Ṣ, A, L, Ḳ:) so called because thereby is the continuing of the fast; (Ṣ, A;) or because of the lastingness of its utility. (L.)

فِلَاحَةٌ, (thus in my copies of the Ṣ, and in the L and Mṣb,) with kesr, (Mṣb,) [agreeably with general analogy,] orفَلَاحَةٌ↓, with fet-ḥ, (Ḳ, [but I think that fet-ḥ is here a mistake for kesr, because فَلَاحَهٌ deviates from general analogy, and because it is a general rule of the author of the Ḳ to omit the mention of the vowel of a word when it is fet-ḥ,]) Agriculture; or the art, work, or occupation, of ploughing, tilling, or cultivating, land. (Ṣ, L, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

فَلِيحَةٌ The pericarp (سِنْفَة) of the [tree called] مَرْخ, when it splits: (Ḳ, TA:) also mentioned as with ج [i. e. فَلِيجَةٌ]. (TA.)

فَلَّاحٌ A plougher, tiller, or cultivator, of land; [a peasant;] (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA;) because he cleaves (يَفْلَحُ i. e. يَشُقُّ) the land: (TA:) [pl. فَلَّاحُونَ:] coll. gen. n. فَلَّاحَةٌ. (A, TA.)

And [hence, as being likened to a plougher,] A seaman, or sailor; (Ḳ, TA;) a servant of ships or boats. (TA.)

And One who lets asses, or other beasts, on hire; syn. مُكَارٍ: (T, Ḳ, TA:) so called as being likened to the plougher, &c., of land. (TA.)

And One who defrauds in a sale, in the manner described in the explanation of the phrase فَلَحَ بِهِ. (L.)

أَفْلَحُ Having a fissure, or crack, in the under lip: (Ṣ, Mgh:) or a man having what is termed فَلَحٌ in his lip: fem. فَلْحَآءُ. (L.) 'Antarah El-'Absee was surnamed الفَلْحَآءُ because of a fissure in his under lip; the fem. form of the epithet being used because الشَّفَةُ (the lip) is fem.; (Ṣ, L;) or because his name is fem. (L.) [See also أَعْلَمُ.]

قَوْمٌ أَفْلَاحٌ [i. q. مُفْلِحُونَ] A people prospering; successful; attaining, or acquiring, that which they desire or seek, or what is good, or that whereby they become in a happy and good state: افلاح is a pl. of which ISd says, “I know not any sing. of it.” (L.)

مَفْلَحَةٌ A cause, or means, of prosperity or success; or of the attainment, or acquisition, of that which one desires or seeks, or of what is good, or of that whereby one becomes in a happy and good state. (L, from a trad.)

رَجُلٌ مُتَفَلِّحُ الشَّفَةِ, and اليَدَيْنِ, and القَدَمَيْنِ, A man having the lip chapped, or cracked, much, by cold, and so the hands, and the feet. (L.) [See also 5 in art. فلج.]