قرأ
قرب
قربس
1. ⇒ قرب
قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ
قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ
In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaạḳoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.)
قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ
And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ
And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning † Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ ٱللّٰهَ † We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khaṭṭábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ ‡ [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O:*) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ ‡ [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means † Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.)
قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (Ṣ, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (Ḳ;) andاقربهُ↓, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (Ḳ;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) or the former, (accord. to the Ḳ,) or↓ the latter, (accord. to the Ṣ and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) or↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says,قرّب↓ قِرَابًا andاقربهُ↓, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.)
قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, Ḳ, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.)
And قَرِبَ, (O, Ḳ,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (Ḳ,) [aor. ـَ
2. ⇒ قرّب
قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb.*) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ ٱللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.]
[And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ḥam p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.)
قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Ḳur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bḍ.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) Andقرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا↓ [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (Ṣ, O: in the Mṣb, إِلَى ٱللّٰهِ.)
حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (Ḳ,) signifies ‡ He said, حَيَّاكَ ٱللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, Ḳ:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.)
And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and Ḳ * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp. 82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“My house is a little before the mosque”]. (Kull p. 124.)
And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.)
And A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) of a horse: (Ṣ, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (Ṣ, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (Ṣ, O, Ḳ *) in running: (Ṣ, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (AZ, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (Ṣ, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى [which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (Ṣ, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.)
See also 1, near the end, in two places.
3. ⇒ قارب
قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Mṣb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph.
One says of a vessel, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (Ṣ, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (Ḳ) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Mṣb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (Ḳ, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ, &c.]
قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (AZ, Ḳ, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (Ḳ in art. وط;, &c.) And قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, Ṣ, Mṣb, all in art. دنو.)
قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ḥam p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.)
And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, Ḳ, TA.)
And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O,* Ḳ,* TA.)
And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (Ṣ, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (Ṣ.)
مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (Ḳ.)
4. ⇒ اقرب
see 1, second quarter.
[Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (Ṣ, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, Ṣ,* O,* TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the Ṣ and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and Ḳ in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ.)
And اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (Ḳ, TA,), &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (Ḳ, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.)
And He nearly filled a vessel. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)
لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ ٱللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.)
اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O,* Ḳ, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.)
And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] قارب↓, not مُقْربٌ: (Aṣ, Ṣ, O:) the former of these is said by AʼObeyd to be anomalous: (Ṣ, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]
See also 1, last quarter, in six places.
5. ⇒ تقرّب
see 1, near the middle of the paragraph.
[Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning ‡ Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (Aṣ, O, L, Ḳ, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.)
And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب ٱللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى ٱللّٰهِ, (Ṣ, A, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,*) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, Ḳ,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (Ṣ, Ḳ,* TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness,, &c., to Him]. (A.)
تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, Ḳ, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.)
6. ⇒ تقارب
تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (Ṣ,* A,* Mṣb:) you say تقاربوا andاقتربوا↓ [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.)
See also 1, second quarter.
تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means ‡ His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, Ḳ, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O,* Ḳ,* TA.)
And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning † It became nearly ripe. (O, Ḳ, TA.)
And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ † [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.)
8. ⇒ اقترب
see 1, second quarter, in two places:
10. ⇒ استقرب
استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Mṣb.)
قُرْبٌ
قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (Ṣ, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ, &c. (Mṣb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ↓, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ andمِنْ قَرِيبٍ↓ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Mṣb.) And رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [andمِنْ قَرِيبٍ↓ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (Ṣ in art. ام;, &c.)
It is also syn. withقَرَابٌ↓ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ [i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says,عَنْ قَرِيبٍ↓]: (Ḳ, TA:) accord. to the Ḳ, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov.,الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ↓ أَكْيَسُ, thus in the Ṣ, or, as some relate it, بِقُرَابٍ↓; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the قِرَاب↓ (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.]
It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.)
قُرْبٌ also, andقُرُبٌ↓, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, Ḳ:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.)
قَرَبٌ
قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as Aṣ said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (Ṣ, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) and soقِرَابَةٌ↓ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (Ḳ;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (Ṣ, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (Ḳ: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (Ṣ, O:) or, as is said on the authority of Aṣ, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (Ṣ in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAạr, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.]
Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, Ḳ.)
قُرُبٌ
قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.
قُرْبَةٌ
قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Mṣb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station,, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.)
Also, (A, O, Mṣb,) andقُرُبَةٌ↓, (Mṣb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A,* O, Mṣb;) as alsoقُرْبَانٌ↓: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Mṣb.)
قِرْبَةٌ
قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (Ṣ,* O,* TA,) used for water: (Ṣ, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, Ḳ:) or such as is sewed on one side: (Ḳ:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., Ṣ, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., Ṣ, O) قِرَبٌ. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ.)
قَرَبَةٌ
فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ andقِرَابَةٌ↓ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (Ḳ, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]
قُرُبَةٌ
قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ:
قُرْبَى
قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.
قَرْبَانُ
قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (Ṣ, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaạḳoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.)
قُرْبَانٌ
قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Ḳur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Mṣb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.)
Also, (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ,) andقَرْبَانٌ↓, (Ḳ,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, Ḳ,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (Ḳ;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (Ṣ, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (Ṣ, ISd, A, O, Ḳ,) or of a governor, or prince; (Ṣ, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates,, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (Ṣ, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the Ṣ:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. ofقَرِيبٌ↓. (A in art. بعد.)
قَرَابٌ
قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.
قُرَابٌ
قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places:
and قُرْبٌ, near the middle:
and قِرَابٌ, former half:
قِرَابٌ
قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the Ṣ,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,)
* هُوَ ٱبْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا ** يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ *
(O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.)
See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle.
قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ andقُرَابُهُ↓ andقُرَابَتُهُ↓ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (Ḳ.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (Ṣ,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Eṣ-Ṣinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-ʼAmr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA,*)
* إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا *
[If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the Ṣ and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (Ṣ, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Mṣb.) Andالمَآءُ قُرَابَةُ↓ الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]
Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (Ḳ, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (Ḳ, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (Ṣ, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates, &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Mṣb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Mṣb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.
قَرِيبٌ
قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,*, &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Mṣb, Ḳ *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O,* TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Mṣb:) hence, [in the Ḳur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ ٱللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Mṣb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Mṣb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (Ṣ, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.)
[Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Ḳur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Ḳur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle.
And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, Ṣ, O, Mṣb:*) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Mṣb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (Ṣ, A, O, Ḳ) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of أَقْرَبُ↓, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the Ḳ, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Mṣb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Mṣb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى [meaning He is my relation], as too you say,هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى↓ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) andذُو قَرَابَةٍ↓ مِنِّى andذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ↓ منّى andذُو قُرْبَى↓ مِنِّى; (TA;) but notهُوَ قَرَابَتِى↓; (Ḳ;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (Ṣ, O:) or, accord. to Z, هُوَ قَرَابَتِى↓ is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: قَرَابَةٌ↓ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mṭr,] قَرَابَةٌ↓ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.)
And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ andقُرَابٌ↓ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.)
It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near,, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence.
And one says,مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ وَلَا قُرَابِ↓ عَالِمٍ andقُرَابَةِ↓ عَالِمٍ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ [i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) Andمَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ↓ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (Ṣ, O;) orوَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ↓ مِنْكَ meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (Ḳ.)
فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.
Also, (O, Ḳ, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, Ḳ, TA.)
قَرَابَةٌ
قَرَابَةٌ, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) which is originally an inf. n., (Ṣ,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] andقُرْبَى↓ andقُرْبَةٌ↓ andقُرُبَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) andقُرْبٌ↓ (Ṣ, O) andمَقْرُبَةٌ↓ andمَقْرَبَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, O, Ḳ) مَقْرِبَةٌ↓, (Ḳ,) all of them, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) or the first andقُرْبَى↓, (Mṣb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (Ṣ, O,* Mṣb, Ḳ,* TA;) or the first has the former of these significations andقُرْبَى↓ has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the Ṣ, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Mṣb, it andالقُرْبَى↓ are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, andالقُرْبَى↓ as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ, &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (Ṣ, O.)
See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.
قُرَابَةٌ
قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter:
and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places.
قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ andقُرَابُهُ↓ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception,, &c.]; (Fr, O, Ḳ;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.])
قِرَابَةٌ
قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ:
قُرَابَى
جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, Ḳ,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, Ḳ.)
قُرَيْبَى
قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى [There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.])
قَرَّابٌ
قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.)
قَرْنَبٌ
قَرْنَبٌ:, &c.: see art. قرنب.
قَارِبٌ
قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to Aṣ and AʼObeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (Ṣ, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (Ṣ, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (Aṣ, Ṣ, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (Ṣ, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAạr, TA.) مَا لِى قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) And حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.)
Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, Ḳ;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (Ṣ, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.)
قَوْرَبٌ
قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, Ḳ.)
أَقْرَبُ
أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, [and in respect of time,, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.
تَقَرُّبَاتُ
ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ ‡ The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.)
مَقْرَبٌ
مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, Ḳ) andمَقْرَبَةٌ↓ (O, Ḳ) ‡ A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, Ḳ, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “the journeying by night,” or “the journeying [by night] to water:” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAạr: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “the” journeying [by night, &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.)
مُقْرَبٌ / مُقْرَبَةٌ
مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: [fem. with ة
مُقْرِبٌ
مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (Ṣ, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (Ṣ, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.)
مَقْرَبَةٌ
مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ:
مَقْرُبَةٌ
مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.
مَقْرِبَةٌ
مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.
المُقَرَّبُونَ
المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.
See also what here follows, in two places.
مُقَرِّبٌ
شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ andمُقَرَّبٌ↓, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ andمُقَرَّبَةِ↓ خَبَرٍ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.)
مُقَارَبٌ
مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.
مُقَارِبٌ
شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر ‡ A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:*) and also a cheap thing: (Ṣ, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Mṣb:) you should not say مُقَارَبٌ↓, (ISk, Ṣ, O, Mṣb,) with fet-ḥ: (ISk, Mṣb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities,, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], andمَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ↓ with fet-ḥ, (Ḳ, TA,) meaning [a commodity,, &c.,] not precious. (TA.)
مُتَقَارِبٌ
مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.)
And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, Ḳ;*) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (Ḳ:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, Ḳ.*)