Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

نَشَرَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb,) aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ}, (Ṣ, TA,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) He spread, spread out, or open, expanded, or unfolded, (Ṣ, TA,) a garment or piece of cloth (A, Mṣb, TA) or the like, (TA,) goods, &c., (Ṣ,) and a writing; (A;) contr. of طَوَى; (A, Ḳ;) as alsoنشّر↓, inf. n. تَنْشِيرٌ: (Ḳ, TA:) [or the latter is with teshdeed to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action, or its application to many objects, as is shown by an explanation of its act. part. n., which see below. Hence لَفٌّ وَنَشْرٌ: see art. لف.]

[He spread out, or, as we say, pricked up, his ears: and hence the saying,] نَشَرَ لِذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ أُذُنَيْهِ, lit., He spread out his ears at that thing: meaning, ‡ he was covetous of that thing, or eager for it. (Ḥar. p. 206.) [See نَاشِرٌ, below.]

نَشَرَ الخَبَرَ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ} and ـِ {يَنْشِرُ}, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ He spread, or published, the news. (Ṣ, A, Ḳ.)

Also نَشَرَ, aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) [andنشّر↓, or this is with teshdeed for the purpose mentioned above;] He scattered, or dispersed, (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) [people, &c.; or] sheep or goats, (Mṣb, TA,) and camels, (TA,) after confining them in the nightly resting-place. (Mṣb.)

He sprinkled water. (A.)

نَشَرَتِ الرِّيحُ The wind blew in a misty or cloudy day [so as to disperse the mist or clouds]. (IAạr, Ḳ.)

نَشَرَ عَنْهُ, (A, Ḳ,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ; (A;) andنشّر↓ عَنْهُ, (A, L, TA,) inf. n. تَنْشِيرٌ; (Ṣ, A, L, TA;) and in like manner نشّرهُ↓; (Ṣ, TA;) ‡ He charmed away from him sickness, (Ṣ,* A, L, Ḳ,*) and diabolical possession, or madness, (L, Ḳ,) by a نُشْرَة, i. e., a charm, or an amulet; (Ṣ, A, L, Ḳ;) as though he dispersed it from him: (A:) and in like mannerنشّرهُ↓ he wrote for him a نُشْرَة. (Ṣ.) El-Kilábee says, فَإِذَا نُشِرَ المَسْفُوعُ كَانَ كَأَنَّمَا أُنْشِطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ ‡ [And when he who is smitten by the evil eye is charmed by a نُشْرَة, he is as though he were loosed from a bond]: i. e., it [the effect of the eye] departs from him speedily. (Ṣ [in two copies of which I find نُشِرَ, as above; but in the TA,نُشِّرَ↓.]) And in a trad. it is said,نَشَّرَهُ↓ بِقُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ ‡ He charmed away the effect of enchantment from him [by the words “Say I seek refuge in the Lord of men:” the commencement of the last chap. of the Ḳur-án]. (Ṣ.)

نَشَرَ, (El-Ḥasan, Zj, A, Ḳ.) aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ}, (TA,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ and نُشُورٌ; (Ḳ, TA;) orأَنْشَرَ↓; (I’Ab, Fr, Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb;) or both; (A, Ḳ;) ‡ He (God, Ṣ, A, &c.) raised the dead to life; quickened them; revivified, or revived, them. (Zj, Ṣ, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.) I’Ab reads [in the Ḳur, ii. 261,] كَيْفَ نُنْشِرُهَا [How we will raise them to life], and adduces in his favour the words [in the Ḳur. lxxx. 22,] ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنْشَرَهُ↓ ‡ [Then, when He pleaseth, He raiseth him to life]: El-Ḥasan reads نَنْشُرُهَا: [and others read نُنْشِزُهَا, with záy:] but Fr says, that El-Ḥasan holds it to refer to unfolding and folding, and that the proper way is to use انشر [in this sense,] transitively, and نَشَرَ intransitively. (Ṣ, TA.) [See also طَوَىَ, which has the contr. meaning.]

Hence,أَنْشَرَ↓ الرَّضَاعُ العَظْمَ: i. q. أَنْشَزَ, with záy: (Mṣb:) or ‡ The sucking strengthened the bone. (Mgh.)

نَشَرَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ}, (Ṣ,) inf. n. نُشُورٌ (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, TA) and نَشْرٌ, (Mṣb,) agreeably with what Fr says, (Ṣ,) signifies ‡ He (a dead person) lived after death; came to life again; revived; (Ṣ, TA;) or lived; came to life; (A, Mṣb;) as alsoانتشر↓. (A.) Hence يَوْمُ النُّشُورِ ‡ The day of resurrection. (Ṣ.)

نَشَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) ‡ It (herbage, or pasturage,) became green in consequence of rain in the end of summer after it had dried up. (TA.)

‡ It (a plant) began to grow forth in the ground. (Ḳ,* TA.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ نَشْرَهَا ‡ How good is its first growth! (TA.)

† It (a tree) put forth its leaves. (Ḳ.)

† It (foliage) spread. (Ḳ.)

نَشَرَتِ الأَرْضُ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ}, (TA,) inf. n. نُشُورٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ The land being rained upon in the end of summer, its herbage, or pasturage, became green after it had dried up: (Ṣ, TA:) or the land, being watered by the rain called الرَّبِيع, put forth its herbage. (A, Ḳ.) See نَشْرٌ.

نَشَرَ, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb,) aor. ـُ {يَنْشُرُ}, (Ṣ,) inf. n. نَشْرٌ, (Ḳ,) ‡ [He sawed wood;] he cut (قَطَعَ, Ṣ, or نَحَتَ, Ḳ) wood, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) with a مِنْشَار. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb.)

ناشرهُ الثِّيَابَ [He spread, or unfolded, with him the garments or pieces of cloth]. (A.)

تناشروا الثِّيَابَ [They spread, or unfolded, one with another, the garments, or pieces of cloth]. (A.)

انتشر [quasi-pass. of 1,] It spread, expanded, or unfolded; it became spread, expanded, or unfolded; as alsoتنشّر↓: (Ḳ:) [or the latter, being quasi-pass. of 2, denotes muchness, &c.]

انتشرت النَّخْلَةُ The branches of the palm-tree spread forth. (Ḳ.) [And انتشرت الأَغْصَانُ The branches spread forth: and the branches straggled.]

انتشر الخَبَرُ ‡ The news spread, or became published, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) فِى النَّاسِ among the people. (A.)

And انتشرت الرَّائِحَةُ † [The odour spread, or diffused itself.] (Ḳ in art. فوح;, &c.)

انتشر النَّهَارُ † The day became long and extended: (Ḳ:) and so one says of other things. (TA.)

انتشر العَصَبُ † The sinews, or tendons, became inflated, or swollen, (Ḳ,) by reason of fatigue: (TA:) إِنْتِشَارٌ is a state of inflation, or swelling, in the sinews, or tendons, of a beast, occasioned by fatigue: (Ṣ:) AO says, that the sinew, or tendon, which becomes inflated, or swollen, is the عُجَايَة, (Ṣ,* TA,) and that what is termed تَحَرُّكُ الشَّظَى is similar to this affection, excepting in its not being so well endured by the horse: by another, or others, it is said, that انتشار of the sinews, or tendons, of a beast, in his fore leg, is a breaking, and consequent displacement, of those sinews. (TA.)

انتشر ذَكَرْهُ † His penis became erect. (TA.) [And hence,] انتشر الرَّجُلُ ‡ The man became excited by lust. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

انتشر المَآءُ [In my copy of the A, استنشر, but this I regard as a mistranscription,] The water became sprinkled; as alsoتنشّر↓: (A:) [or the latter signifies it became much sprinkled.]

انتشروا فى الأَرْضِ They became scattered, or dispersed, or they scattered, or dispersed, themselves, in the land, or earth. (A.)

انتشرت الغَنَمَ, (Mṣb, TA,) and الإِبِلُ, (Ḳ, TA,) The sheep or goats [and the camels] became scattered, or dispersed, after having been confined in their nightly resting-place: (Mṣb:) or the sheep or goats (TA) and the camels (Ḳ, TA) became scattered, or dispersed, through negligence of their pastor. (Ḳ, TA.)

انتشر الأَمْرُ † The state of things, or affairs, became dissolved, broken up, decomposed, disorganized, or unsettled; syn. تَشَّتَتَ. (TA, art. شت.)

See also 1, latter part of the paragraph.

انتشر also signifies He put himself in motion, and went on a journey. (TA, in art. بسر.)

انتشر الذِّئبُ فِى الغَنَمِ The wolf made an incursion among the sheep or goats. (TA in art. شع.)

استنشرهُ He demanded, or desired, of him that he should unfold (أَنْ يَنْشُرَ) to him (عَلَيْهِ) [a thing]. (A.)

نَشْرٌ used in the sense of an act. part. n.: see ناشِرٌ.

And in the sense of a pass. or quasi-pass. part. n.: see نَشَرٌ.

A sweet odour: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) [because it spreads:] or odour in a more general sense; (A, Ḳ;) i. e., absolutely, whether sweet or stinking: (AʼObeyd:) or the odour of a woman's mouth, (ADk, A, Ḳ,) and of her nose, (ADk, TA,) and of her arm-pits (أَعْطَاف), after sleep. (ADk, A, Ḳ.)

‡ Herbage, or pasturage, which has dried up and then become green in consequence of rain in the end of summer or spring (see below, and see سِمَاكٌ): (Ṣ, Ḳ:) it is bad for the pasturing animals when it first appears, and men flee from it with their camels, &c.; (Ṣ, TA;) which it affects with the [disease called] سُهَام when they pasture upon it at its first appearance: [see remarks on a verse cited in art. بيض, voce بَاضَ: and see another verse in art. جرب, voce أَجْرَبُ:] AHn says, that it does not injure animals with the solid hoof; or if it do so, they leave it until it dries, and then its evil quality departs from it: it consists of leguminous plants and of [the herbage termed] عُشْب; or, as some say, of the latter only: (TA:) [an ex. of the word is cited in art. جرب, voce أَجَرْبُ:] or herbage, or pasturage, of which the upper part dries up and the lower part is moist and green: (Lth:) or herbage produced by the rain called الرَّبِيع: (A:) and what has come forth, of plants, or herbage. (TA.)

Life. (Ḳ.)

نَشَرٌ is of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (Mṣb, TA,) syn. with مَنْشُورٌ, like as قَبَضٌ is with مَقْبُوضٌ, (Mgh,) and syn. with مُنْتَشِرٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) [therefore signifying Spread, expanded, or unfolded: scattered, or dispersed,, &c.: and spreading, or being spread,, &c.: being scattered,, &c.:] and a thing that one has spread, expanded, or unfolded:, &c. (O, voce سَبَلٌ, q. v.)

You say اِكْتَسَى البَازِى رِيشًا نَشَرًا The hawk, or falcon, became clad in spreading and long feathers. (Ṣ, TA.)

And hence نَشَرٌ is applied to People in a scattered, or dispersed, state, not collected under one head, or chief; (Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoنَشْرٌ↓: (Ḳ:) and to sheep or goats in a scattered, or dispersed, state, after having been confined in their nightly resting-place: (Mṣb:) or sheep or goats, and camels, in a scattered, or dispersed, state, through the negligence of their pastor. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ القَوْمَ نَشَرًا I saw the people in a scattered, or dispersed, state. (Ṣ.) And جَآءَ القَوْمُ نَشَرًا The people came in a scattered, or dispersed, state. (TA.)

Hence also, نَشَرُ المَآء What is sprinkled, of water, (Mgh, TA,) in the performance of the ablution termed الوُضُوْء. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَتَمْلِكُ نَشَرَ المَآءِ [Dost thou possess what is sprinkled of water?] (Ṣ;) or مَنْ يَمْلِكُ نَشَرَ المَآءِ [Who possesseth what is sprinkled of water?] (Mgh;) [app. meaning, that it is gone and cannot be recovered.]

And hence, أَللّٰهُمَّ ٱضْمُمْ نَشَرِى † O God, compose what is discomposed, or disorganized, of my affairs: (Ḳ,* TA:) a phrase like لُمَّ شَعَثِى. (TA.) ʼÁïsheh says, in a trad., describing her father, فَرَدَّ نَشَرَ الإِسْلَامِ عَلَى غَرِّهِ, meaning, † And he restored what was discomposed, or disorganized, [lit., what was unfolded,] of El-Islám, to its state in which it was in the time of the Apostle of God, [lit. to its fold, or plait;] alluding to cases of apostacy, and her father's sufficiency to treat them. (TA.)

See also نَاشِرٌ.

نُشْرَةٌ ‡ A charm, or an a mulet, (رُقْيَةُ, Ṣ, L, Ḳ,) by which a sick person, and one possessed, or mad, is cured; (A,* L, Ḳ;) by which the malady is [as it were] dispersed from him. (L.) Moḥammad, being asked respecting that which is thus termed, answered, that it is of the work of the devil: and El-Ḥasan asserted it to be a kind of enchantment. (TA.)

نُشَارَةٌ ‡ [Saw-dust;] what falls from the مِنْشَار [or saw]; (Ṣ;) what falls in نَشْر [or sawing]. (Ḳ.)

نَاشِرٌ act. part. n. of نَشَرَ.

كَانَ يُكَبِّرُ نَاشِرَ الأَصَابِعِ He (Moḥammad) used to say أَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ spreading, or unfolding, his fingers: said to mean not making his hand a clenched fist. (Mgh.)

جَآءَ نَاشِرًا أُذُنَيْهِ [He came spreading, or, as we say, pricking up, his ears: meaning,] ‡ he came in a state of covetousness, or eagerness. (IAạr, L.) [In a copy of the A, طَائِعًا is erroneously put for طَامِعًا.]

وَٱلنَّاشِرَاتِ نَشْرًا, in the Ḳur., [lxxvii. 3,] signifies And the angels, (TA,) or the winds, (Jel,) that do scatter the rain: (Jel, TA:) or the winds that do bring rain. (TA.) Andرِيحٌ نَشُورٌ↓, of which the pl. is رِيَاحٌ نُشُرٌ, signifies Wind that spreads [the clouds], or scatters [the rain]; (Ṣ; and Bḍ, vii. 55;) نَشُورٌ being syn. with نَاشِرٌ: (Bḍ:) or it signifies in a scattered state. (Jel, vii. 55.) [In the Ḳur, ubi supra,] يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ نُشُرًا بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَحْمَتِهِ, and نُشْرًا, andنَشْرًا↓, andنَشَرًا↓, [Sendeth the winds,, &c.,] (Ḳ,* TA,) all these being various readings, (TA,) نُشُرًا is pl. of نَشُورٌ, (Bḍ, Ḳ,) in the sense of نَاشِرٌ; (Bḍ;) or the meaning is, in a state of dispersion before the rain; (Jel;) and نُشْرًا is a contraction; (Bḍ, Ḳ;) and the third reading means ‡ quickening, or making to live, by spreading the clouds wherein is the rain, (Ḳ,) which is the life of everything, (TA,) نَشْرًا↓ being an inf. n. used as a denotative of state, in the sense of نَاشِرَاتٍ, or as an absolute objective complement [of يرسل], for إِرْسَالٌ and نَشْرٌ are nearly alike; (Bḍ;) and the fourth is extr., (IJ, Ḳ,) and is said to mean مُنْشِرَةً نَشَرًا↓ [which is virtually the same as the third]: (Zj, Ḳ:) another reading is بُشُرًا, pl. of بَشِيرَةٌ, (TA,) or of بَشُورٌ; (TA, in art. بشر;) or نُشْرًا, (Bḍ, Jel,) a contraction of بُشُرًا, (Bḍ,) pl. of بَشِيرٌ. (Bḍ, Jel.)

أَرْضٌ نَاشِرَةٌ ‡ Land having herbage, or pasturage, which has dried up and then become green in consequence of rain in the end of summer: (Ṣ:) or having herbage produced by the rain called الرَّبِيع. (A.) See نَشْرٌ.

المَنْشَرُ ‡ The place of resurrection. (TA.)

صُحُفٌ مُنَشَّرَةٌ [Scattered, or much scattered, writings or the like] is with teshdeed to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action, or its application to many objects. (Ṣ, TA.)

مِنْشَارٌ ‡ [A saw;] a certain instrument for cutting wood. (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

Also, [but less commonly], A wooden implement with prongs, [lit., fingers,] with which wheat and the like are winnowed. (Ḳ.)

مَنْشُورٌ What is not sealed, [here meaning not closed with a seal,] of the writings of the Sultán [or of a viceroy]; (Ḳ;) i. e., what is now commonly known by the name of فَرْمَان: pl. مَنَاشِيرُ. (TA.)

† A man whose state of affairs is disorganised, or disordered. (Ḳ.)