Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

بَخَسَهُ, aor. ـَ {يَبْخَسُ}, inf. n. بَخْسٌ, He diminished it; lessened it; made it deficient, or defective: (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or he made it faulty. (Mṣb.) You say, بَخَسَ الكَيَّالُ [for بَخَسَ الكَيَّالُ الكَيْلَ The measurer made defective measure]. (A.) And of a just sale, لَا بَخْسَ فِيهِ وَلَا شَطَطَ, (Ṣ,) or وَلَا شُطُوطَ, (T, TA,) [There is no deficiency in it nor excess.] And it is said in the Ḳur [lxxii. 13], فَلَا يَخَافُ بَخْسًا وَلَا رَهَقًا He shall not fear diminution of the reward of his actions, nor wrong, or injustice. (TA.) And in this sense, [as also in the next,] the verb is doubly trans. (Mṣb.) You say, بَخَسَهُ حَقَّهُ He diminished to him his right, or due; deprived him, or defrauded him, of a part of it. (Ṣ, A.) And it is said in the Ḳur [vii. 83 and xi. 86 and xxvi. 183], وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا النَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ [And ye shall not diminish unto men their things]: (Mṣb:) or the verb in this instance has the signification next following. (TA.)

He wronged him; acted wrongfully, or unjustly, towards him. (A, Ḳ.)

بَخَسَ عَيْنَهُ: see بَخَصَ.

تباخسوا They defrauded one another in a sale. (Ḳ.)

بَخْسٌ Deficient; defective. (Ṣ.) It is said in the Ḳur [xii. 20], وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ And they sold him for a deficient, or defective, price: (Ṣ,* Mṣb,* TA:) or for a price less than was incumbent: or for an insufficient price: or for an unjust price; accord. to Zj; because the sale of a man that has been found is unlawful. (TA.)

Land that produces herbage without being [artificially] watered: (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ:) or land which is watered by the rain; because it has deficient watering: (Mgh:) pl. بُخُوسٌ. (JK, TA.)

Also, (TA, as from Ibn-Málik,) orبَخْسِىٌّ↓, [which is more probably the correct form,] a rel. n. from بَخْسٌ in the sense immediately preceding, explained in the T as signifying, (Mgh,) Seed-produce that is not irrigated with water from a spring or well or the like, but only by the rain. (Mgh, and TA from Ibn-Málik.)

بَاخِسٌ Any one who acts wrongfully, or unjustly. (TA.) It is said in a prov., تَحْسِبُهَا حَمْقَآءَ وَهِىَ بَاخِسٌ; (Ṣ, A, Ḳ;) so runs the prov.; but accord. to Th, (Ṣ,) you may also say بَاخِسَةٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) i. e., [Thou thinkest her stupid,] but she is wrongful, or unjust: applied to him who feigns himself to be of weak understanding when he is crafty and cunning. (Ḳ, TA.) The origin of the prov. was this: a man of the Benu-l-'Ambar, of Temeem, mixed his property with that of a woman, coveting the possession of it, and thinking that she was stupid, and that she did not take care of her property nor know it: then he made a division with her, after he had mixed; but she was not content with the division until she took her property: she complained of him to those in authority, so that he released himself from her by giving her what she desired of the property: and the man was reproved for his conduct; it being said to him, “Thou cheatest a woman: is not this wrongful conduct (بَخْس)?” whereupon he replied in the words above, which became a proverb. (Th, Ḳ,* TA.)