Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

خَطَبَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or خَطَبَ خُطْبَةً, (A,) aor. ـُ {يَخْطُبُ}, (TA,) inf. n. خُطْبَةٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or this, accord. to some, is a subst. used as an inf. n., (TA,) and خَطَابَةٌ, (Ḳ,) said of a خَطِيب (A) or خَاطِب, (Ḳ,) [He recited a خُطْبَة (q. v. infrà),] عَلَى المِنْبَرِ [upon the pulpit]; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoاختطب↓. (Ṣ.) And خَطَبَ القَوْمَ, (Mṣb,) and عَلَى القَوْمِ, (Th, Mṣb,) aor. ـُ {يَخْطُبُ}, (Mṣb,) inf. n. خُطْبَةٌ, (Th, Mṣb,) [He recited a خُطْبَة to the people, and over the people, i. e. on the pulpit, beneath which they sat: or] he delivered an exhortation, or admonition, to the people. (Mṣb.)

خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ, (Ṣ, A,* Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. خِطْبَةٌ, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) or this is a simple subst., (Mṣb,) and خَطْبٌ (Lḥ, Ḳ) and خِطِّيبَى; (T, Ṣ,* Ḳ;) andاختطبها↓; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage. (Mṣb.) In the following verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, respecting Jedheemeh El-Abrash, and his asking in marriage Ez-Zebbà,

* لِخِطِّيبَى الَّتِى غَدَرَتْ وَخَانَتْ *

* وَهُنَّ ذَوَاتُ غَائِلَةٍ لُحِينَا *

[For the asking in marriage of her who acted perfidiously and treacherously: for they (i. e. women) are possessed of secret malevolence: may they be disgraced and accursed:] خطّيبى is syn. with خِطْبَة: (Ṣ:) accord. to Lth, it is a simple subst.; but AM says that he is in error, and that it is an inf. n. (TA.) You say also, خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ إِلَى القَوْمِ He asked, or demanded, the woman in marriage, of the people. (Mṣb.) And خَطَبَ إِلَى فُلَانٍ [He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, of such a one]. (TA.) And خَطَبَ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ He asked, or demanded, a woman in marriage, when another had done so, and she had inclined to the latter, and he and she had agreed to a certain dowry, and had approved each other, and nothing remained but to conclude the contract; the doing of which is forbidden: but it is not forbidden to ask in marriage a woman when another has done so if she and the latter have not agreed, nor approved each other, nor has either of them inclined to the other. (TA.)

فُلَانٌ يَخْطُبُ عَمَلَ كَذَا ‡ Such a one seeks, or desires, to do such a thing. (A, TA.)

خَطُبَ, [aor. ـُ {يَخْطُبُ},] inf. n. خَطَابَةٌ, He became a خَطِيب (Ṣ.)

خَطِبَ, aor. ـَ {يَخْطَبُ}, (JK, Ḳ,) inf. n. خَطَبٌ, (Ṣ, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ: (Ṣ,* Ḳ:) or his, or its, colour was, or became, what is thus termed. (JK.)

خطّبهُ He granted his request of a woman in marriage; as alsoاخطبهُ↓. (TA.)

خاطبهُ, (A, Mṣb, TA,) or خاطبهُ بِالكَلَامِ, (Ṣ, TA,) inf. n. مُخَاطَبَةٌ and خِطَابٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) He talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, with him; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, with him: (Mṣb, TA:) he talked to him, spoke to him, or addressed him, face to face; accosted him with speech or words. (A.) [Hence,] حَرْفُ خِطَابٍ [A particle of allocution]: such is the ت in أَنْتَ and أَنْتِ, (Mughnee and Ḳ on the letter ت,) and such is the ك in ذَاكَ, &c. (I’Aḳ p. 36;, &c.)

He consulted with him. (TA.)

فَصْلُ الخِطَابِ [as used in the Ḳur xxxviii. 19] means The deciding a case, or passing sentence, or judging, with evident demonstration, or proof; or by testimony confirmed by oath: (Ḳ, TA:) or the deciding between truth and falsehood, and distinguishing between just judgment and the contrary thereof: (TA:) or understanding, intelligence, sagacity, or knowledge, in judging or passing sentence: or the pronouncing the phrase أَمَّا بَعْدُ, (Ḳ, TA,) which David [it is said] was the first to utter, and which means, accord. to Abu-l- ʼAbbás, Now, after these preliminary words, [I proceed to say] thus and thus; (TA;) or this last phrase means after my prayer for thee; (Ḳ in art. بعد;) or after praising God. (TA in art. بعد [See also art. فصل.])

see 2.

[Accord. to the KL, إِخْطَابٌ signifies The inviting one for the purpose of marriage: but I think it is only اِخْتِطَابٌ that has this signification.]

أَخْطَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ ‡ The game, or object of the chase, has become within thy power, or reach; (Ṣ, A;) and has become near thee; (Ṣ;) فَٱرْمِهِ [therefore shoot it, or cast at it]. (A.) And اخطبك الأَمْرُ ‡ The thing, or affair, has become within thy power, or reach. (JK, A.*)

اخطب, said of the colocynth, (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ,) It became striped with green: (JK, Ḳ:) or it became yellow, with green stripes. (Ṣ.) And اخطبتِ الحِنْطَةُ The wheat became coloured. (TA.)

تخاطبا They two talked, spoke, conversed, or discoursed, each with the other; held a colloquy, dialogue, conversation, or discourse, each with the other. (TA.) [Hence, عُرْفُ التَّخَاطُبِ The generally-known, generally-received, or conventional, language of conversation.]

see 1, in two places.

اِخْتَطَبُوهُ They invited him to marry a woman of their family: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or they invited him to ask, or demand, in marriage, a woman of their family. (AZ,* A. [See also 4.])

خَطْبٌ ‡ A thing, an affair, or a business, (A, Ḳ, MF,) small or great, (Ḳ,) that one seeks, or desires, to do, (A,) syn. أَمْرٌ مَخْطُوبٌ, (Ḥam p. 33,) or that is, or may be, a subject of discourse: this is the primary signification: (MF:) or a great thing or affair: or a thing, or an affair, that is disliked; not one that is liked: or that is liked also: (Ḥam p.127:) or the cause, or occasion, of a thing or an event: (JK, Ṣ:) or an affliction; a calamity: (Mṣb:) [often used in this last sense in the present day:] and a state, or condition: (TA:) pl. خُطُوبٌ; (A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) for which خُطُب is used in a verse below. (TA.) You say, مَاخَطْبُكَ ‡ What is the thing, or affair, or business, that thou seekest, or desirest, to do? (A:) or what is thy cause[of coming, &c.]? (Ṣ.) خَطْبٌ يَسِيرٌ and جَلِيلٌ ‡ [A little, or an unimportant, and a great, or an important, thing or affair]. (A.) And هُوَ يُقَاسِى خُطُوبَ الدَّهْرِ ‡ [He endures, or he contends, or struggles, with, or against, the afflictions, or calamities, of fortune]. (A.) El-Akhtal says,

* كَلَمْعِ أَيْدِى مَثَاكِيلَ مُسَلِّبَةٍ *

* يَنْدُبْنَ ضَرْسَ بَنَاتِ الدَّهْرِ وَالخُطُبِ *

† [Like the wavings of the hands of mothers bereft of many children, in mourning on account of them, bewailing the biting cruelty of the daughters of misfortune and afflictions]: using الخُطُبِ for الخُطُوبِ. (L.)

خِطْبٌ A man who asks, or demands, a woman in marriage; (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ;*) as alsoخُطْبٌ↓ (MF) andخَاطِبٌ↓ (A, Mṣb, Ḳ) andخِطِّيبٌ↓: pl. of the first أَخْطَابٌ, (Ḳ,) and of the second خُطَّابٌ, (A,) and of the last خِطِّيبُونَ. (Ḳ.) You say, هُوَخِطْبُهَا [andخَاطِبُهَا↓] andخِطِّيبُهَا↓ He is her asker, or demander, in marriage. (Ḳ,* TA.) It was a custom, in the Time of Ignorance, for a man to stand up and to say خِطْبٌ, (A, Ḳ,*) andخُطْبٌ↓, (Ḳ,) meaning I am an asker, or demander, in marriage; (MF;) and he who desired to give to him in marriage would reply نِكْحٌ, (A, Ḳ,*) and نُكْحٌ, (Ḳ,) [meaning I am “a giver in marriage,”] and thus marriage was effected: there was a woman among them, called Umm-Khárijeh, and the man who asked her in marriage used to stand at the door of her tent, and say, خِطْبٌ; and she used to reply, نِكْحٌ; (Ṣ,* TA;) and hence the prov, أَسْرَعُ مِنْ نِكَاحِ أُمِّ خَارِجَةَ [Quicker than the marriage of Umm-Khárijeh]. (TA.)

Also A woman asked, or demanded, in marriage; (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ;*) and soخِطْبَةٌ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ) andخُطْبَةٌ↓ (Kr, Ḳ) andخِطِّيبَةٌ↓ (A, Ḳ) andخِطِّيبَى↓ [which is also an inf. n.: see 1]: (Ḳ:) or this last signifies a woman often asked, or demanded, in marriage. (JK.) You say, هِىَ خِطْبُهُ andخِطْبَتُهُ↓ (Ṣ, Ḳ), &c. (Ḳ) She is the person asked, or demanded, in marriage by him. (Ṣ, Ḳ.*)

خُطْبَةٌ, a word of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, like نُسْخَةٌ in the sense of مَنْسُوخَةٌ, and غُرْفَةٌ مِنَ المَآءِ in the sense of مَغْرُوفَةٌ; meaning An exhortation or admonition [recited by a خَطِيب]: (Mṣb:) a form of words, a discourse, a sermon, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, which the خَطِيب recites on the pulpit: (Ḳ,* TA:) [in the noon-service of the congregational mosque on Friday, the خطيب recites two forms of words, each of which is thus termed: the former chiefly consists of expressions of praise to God, blessings on Moḥammad and his family and companions, and exhortation to the congregation; and is termed خُطْبَةُ الوَعْظِ: the latter, of praise to God, exhortation, blessings on Moḥammad and his family and companions, and prayer for the Muslims in general, and especially for the Sovereign; and is termed خُطْبَةُ النَّعْتِ: (see my “Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii.:)] or, [accord. to its original signification,] with the [Pagan] Arabs, a discourse, a speech, an oration, or a harangue, [generally applied to one delivered in public,] in rhyming prose; and the like: (Aboo-Is-ḥáḳ, Ḳ:) or the old Arabian خُطْبَة, in the Pagan and the early Muslim ages, was, in most instances, not in rhyming prose; and the term “prose,” as here used, does not exclude what contains poetry introduced by way of testimony and the like: (MF:) or [a tract, or small treatise or discourse,] like a رِسَالَة, which [is complete in itself, or, in other words,] has a beginning and an end: (T, TA:) the pl. is خُطَبٌ: (Mṣb:) andمَخَاطِبُ↓, occurring in the following words of a trad., مِنْ أَهْلِ المَحَاشِدِ وَالمَخَاطِبِ, meaning of those who congregate, and harangue people, exciting them to go forth and assemble for seditious purposes, is said to be used in the same sense as خُطَب, and to be a pl. [of خُطْبَةٌ], contr. to rule, like مَشَابِهُ [pl. of شَبَهٌ] and مَلَامِحُ [pl. of لَمْحَةٌ]: or it is pl. ofمَخْطَبَةٌ↓, which is syn. with خُطْبَةٌ: (TA:) or it [is pl. ofمَخْطَبٌ↓, and] signifies places of haranguing. (L in art. حشد.) You say,خَطَبَ الخَطِيبُ↓ خُطْبَةً حَسَنَةً [The خطيب recited a beautiful خطبة]. (A.)

See also خِطْبٌ

Also A turbid, or dusky, colour, (Ḳ,) or a colour inclining to turbidness or duskiness, (TA,) mixed with yellowish red; (Ḳ, TA;) like the colour of wheat before it dries, and that of some wild asses: (TA:) and a green [app. here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-] colour: (TA:) or a dust-colour suffused with خُضْرَة: [or a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour: see أَخْطَبُ:] (A, Ḳ:) or خُضْرَة mixed with black. (TA.)

The saying,أَنْتَ الأَخْطَبُ↓ البَيِّنُ الخُطْبَةِ, which might be imagined to ascribe to the person addressed perspicuity, or eloquence, in his خُطْبَة, really means Thou art [the asinine;] he who bears evidence of الحِمَارِيَّة [i. e. asinineness]. (A.)

خِطْبَةٌ an inf. n. of خَطَبَ المَرْأَةَ: (Ṣ, A, Ḳ:) or a simple subst. (Mṣb.)

See also خِطْبٌ, in two places.

خُطْبَانٌ, and خُطْبَانَةٌ: see أَخْطَبُ, in four places.

The former is also the name of A certain plant, (Ḳ,) of the most bitter of herbs, (TA,) resembling the هِلْيَوْن [or asparagus], (Ḳ,) or like the tails of serpents, with thin extremities resembling [in colour] the violet, or blacker; the part next below being green; and the part next below that, to the roots, white: whence the saying, أَمَرُّ مِنَ الخُطْبَانِ [More bitter than the خطبان]; in which خطبان has been erroneously said to be pl. of أَخْطَبُ, like as سُودَانٌ is pl. of أَسْوَدُ (TA.)

أَوْرَقُ خُطْبَانِىٌّ [Of a dusky colour, inclining to black, in a great degree; or very dusky]: the latter word is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (Ḳ.)

خَطِيبٌّ [A speaker; generally a public speaker; an orator; a preacher;] a reciter of a خُطْبَة, (A, Mṣb, TA,) [and particularly] on the pulpit; (TA;) i. q.خَاطِبٌ↓ [in these senses; but the latter is generally used in another sense, explained above, voce خِطْبٌ]: (Ṣ, TA:) or one who recites a خُطْبَة well; (Ḳ, TA;) [a good speaker or orator:] pl. خُطَبَآءُ. (Mṣb, TA.) See خُطْبَةٌ. You say also, هُوَ خَطِيبُ القَوْمِ, meaning He is the speaker for the people or party. (Mṣb.)

خِطَابَةٌ The office of a خَطِيب of a mosque. (TA.)

خَطَّابٌ A man practised in, or accustomed to, the asking, or demanding, women in marriage. (Ḳ,* Mṣb, TA.)

أَخْطَبُ Of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ. (Ḳ.)

An ass, (Ṣ, A, Ḳ,) i. e. a wild ass, (TA,) of a colour tinged with خُضْرَة [here meaning a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or of a dustcolour suffused with خُضْرَة: (A:) or having a black line, or stripe, along the middle of the back: (Fr, Ṣ, Ḳ:) fem. خَطْبَآءُ, applied to a she-ass; (Fr, Ṣ;) and likewise to a she-camel. (Ṣ, A.)

See also خُطْبَةٌ.

حَمَامَةٌ خَطْبَآءُ القَمِيصِ [A pigeon of the colour termed خُطْبَةٌ]. (A.)

يَدٌ خَطْبَآءُ, (Ḳ,) and أَنَامِلُ خُطْبٌ, (TA, [خُطْبٌ being the pl.,]) [A hand, and fingers' ends,] of which the darkness of the dye imparted by حِنَّآء has faded: (Ḳ, TA:) and in like manner the epithet [أَخْطَبُ] is sometimes applied to the hair. (TA.) One says also اِمْرَأَةٌ خَطْبَآءُ الشَّفَتَيْنِ [A woman pale in the lips; whose lips have lost their deep red hue]. (A.)

حَنْظَلٌ أَخْطَبُ, (Ḳ,) orخُطْبَانٌ↓, (Ṣ,) Colocynths that are yellow, (Ṣ,) with green stripes: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) fem. (applied to a single colocynth, which is termed حَنْظَلَةٌ, TA) خَطْبَآءُ, with which خُطْبَانَةٌ↓ is syn.: the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of this last [or pl. of أَخْطَبُ] is خُطْبَانٌ↓, andخِطْبَانٌ↓, which is extr. [with respect to rule]. (Ḳ.) Andخُطْبَانٌ↓ (a pl. of أَخْطَبُ, JK) also signifies Green leaves of the سَمُر. (JK, Ḳ.)

الأَخْطَبُ The [bird called] شَقِرَّاق; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) called in Persian, accord. to a marginal note in a copy of the Ṣ, كَاسْكِينَةْ: (TA:) or the [bird called] صُرَد; (Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) because it has a mixture of black and white. (TA.)

And The صَقْر [or hawk]. (Ḳ.)

And A certain creeping thing (دُوَيْبَّة) of a green colour, longer than the locust, having six legs; called in Persian شش پايه, and سبوشكنك. (Mgh.)

أَخْطَبَانُ a [proper] name of A certain bird; (Ḳ, TA;) so called because of a خُطْبَة, i. e. خُضْرَة, in its wings. (TA.)