Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

رَهِبَ, aor. ـَ {يَرْهَبُ}, inf. n. رَهَبٌ (Ṣ, A,* Mṣb, Ḳ) and رُهْبٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and رُهُبٌ (Ksh and Bḍ in xxviii. 32) and رَهْبٌ (Ḳ) and رَهْبَةٌ, (Ṣ, A,* Ḳ,) or this is a simple subst, (Mṣb,) and رُهْبَانٌ and رَهَبَانٌ, (Ḳ,) He feared: (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ:) or he feared with caution. (TA.) You say, فِى قَلْبِى مِنْهُ رَهْبَةٌ and رَهَبٌ [In my heart is fear, or cautious fear, of him, or it]. (A.)

And رَهِبَهُ, inf. n. رَهْبَةٌ (JK, Mgh) and رُهْبَةٌ and رُهْبٌ and رَهَبٌ; (JK;) [and app. رَهِبَ مِنْهُ, as seems to be indicated above;] He feared him, or it; (JK, Mgh;) [or feared him, or it, with caution;] namely, a thing. (JK.)

See also the next paragraph {2}, in two places.

see 4.

[Hence, رهّبهُ عَنْ كَذَا, inf. n. تَرْهِيبٌ, He made him to have no desire for such a thing; to relinquish it, or abstain from it; contr. of رَغَّبَهُ فِيهِ: used in this sense by post-classical writers, and perhaps by classical authors also.]

[And رهّبهُ He made him a رَاهِبِ, or monk: in this sense likewise used by post-classical writers; and mentioned by Golius as so used in El-Mekeen's History.]

رَهَّبَ, said of a man, He was, or became, fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK.) And رهب, [so in the TA, app. رَهَّبَ, but perhaps رَهَبَ↓, without teshdeed,] said of a camel, He rose, and then lay down upon his breast, by reason of weakness in his back-bone. (TA.) You say also, رَهَّبَتِ النَّاقَةُ فَقَعَدَ يُحَايِيهَا, (Ḳ, TA,) [or, accord. to some copies of the Ḳ, يُحَابِيهَا,] inf. n. تَرْهِيبٌ, (Ḳ,) but in some copies the verb is an unaugmented triliteral, [app.رَهَبَت↓,] (TA,) The she-camel was fatigued, or jaded, by travel, so he sat feeding her and treating her well until her spirit returned to her. (Ḳ,* TA.)

رُهِّبَ It (an iron head or blade of an arrow, &c.) was rubbed [app. so as to be made thin: see رَهْبٌ]. (JK.)

ارهبهُ (JK, Ṣ, A, Ḳ) andاسترهبهُ↓ (Ṣ, A, Ḳ) He, or it, frightened him, or caused him to fear; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoرهّبهُ↓: (MA:) or disquieted him, or agitated him, by frightening. (A.) You say, يَقْشَعِرُّ الإِهَابُ إِذَا وَقَعَ مِنْهُ الإِرْهَابُ [The skin quivers when frightening befalls from him]. (A, TA.) And أَرْهَبَ النَّاسَ عَنْهُ بَأْسُهُ وَنَجْدَتُهُ ‡ [His valour and courage frightened men away from him]. (A.) And لَمْ أُرْهَبْ بِكَ [lit. I was not frightened by thee]; meaning ‡ I did not see in thee what induced in me doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion. (A, TA.) And ارهب الإِبِلَ, (JK, A,) inf. n. إِرْهَابٌ, (JK, Ḳ,) ‡ He drove away, (A,) or repelled, (JK,) or withheld, (Ḳ,) the camels, (JK, A, Ḳ,) عَنِ الحَوَضِ [from the watering-trough or tank]. (A, Ḳ.)

ارهب (said of a man, TA) also signifies He rode a camel such as is termed رَهْب. (Ḳ.)

Also He was, or became, long in the رَهَب, i. e. sleeve. (IAạr, Ḳ.*)

ترهّب He (a man) became a رَاهِب [or monk], fearing God, or fearing God with reverence or awe: (TA:) or he devoted himself to religious services or exercises (JK, Ṣ, A, Ḳ) in his صَوْمَعَة [or cell]: (A:) or he (a monk) detached himself [from the world. or became a recluse,] for the purpose of devoting himself to religious services or exercises. (Mṣb.)

ترهّبهُ He threatened him. (Ḳ.)

استرهبهُ He called forth fear of him, so that men feared him. (TA.) وَٱسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ, in the Ḳur [vii. 113], has been expl. as meaning And they called forth fear of them, [i. e. of themselves,] so that men feared them. (TA.)

See also 4.

رَهْبٌ An emaciated she-camel; (Aṣ, Ṣ, Ḳ;) or so [the fem.] رَهْبَةٌ: (JK:) or the former, a she-camel much emaciated; as alsoرَهْبَى↓; or, as some say, this last, occurring in a verse, is the name of a particular she-camel: and the first also signifies a she-camel lean, and lank in the belly: (TA:) or tall; applied to a he-camel; (Ḳ;) fem. with ة {رَهْبَةٌ}: (TA:) or one that has been used in journeying, and has become fatigued, or jaded; (JK, TA;) fem. with ة {رَهْبَةٌ}: andرَهْبَآءُ↓ signifies a she-camel fatigued, or jaded: and the first, a he-camel large, wide in the belly-girth, broad in make between the shoulder-joints: (JK:) or wide in the bones, broad in make between the shoulder-joints. (TA.)

Also A slender arrow: or a great arrow: (TA:) and a thin iron head or blade (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) of an arrow: (Ṣ, TA:) pl. رِهَابٌ. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

رَهَبٌ (Zj, Ḳ, TA) andرُهْبٌ↓ (Zj, TA) A sleeve: (T, Ḳ:) accord. to Z, (TA,) of the dial. of Himyer; but one of the innovations of the expositions [of the Ḳur-án]: (Ksh in xxviii. 32, and TA: [not, as Golius says, referring to the Ksh as his authority, of the dial. of the Arabs of El-Heereh:]) said in the Jm to be not of established authority: but signifying thus accord. to AA: and so accord. to Zj, (L, TA,) and Mukátil, (T, L, TA,) in the Ḳur xxviii. 32; [though generally held to be there, accord. to all the various readings, (which are الرَّهَب and الرُّهْب and الرُّهُب and الرَّهْب,) an inf. n. of رَهِبَ;] and Az says that this is a correct meaning in Arabic, and the most agreeable with the context. (L, TA.) One says,وَضَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ فِى رُهْبِى↓, meaning I put the thing in my sleeve [to carry it therein, as is often done] (TA.)

رَهْبَى andرُهْبَى↓ andرَهْبَآءُ↓ andرُهْبَآءٌ↓ [which last I write with tenween accord. to a general rule applying to words of the measure فُعْلَآء] andرَهَبُوتٌ↓ andرَهَبُوتَى↓, each a simple subst., (Ḳ,) as alsoرَهْبَةٌ↓, (Mṣb, [but accord. to the Ṣ and Ḳ, this last is an inf. n. of رَهِبَ,]) signifying Fear: (Mṣb, Ḳ:) or fear with caution. (TA.) One says,رَهَبُوتٌ↓ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمْوتٍ, (Ṣ, Meyd, Ḳ,) or, accord. to Mbr,رَهَبُوتى↓ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتَى, (Meyd,) [Fear is better than pity, or compassion,] meaning thy being feared is better than thy being pitied, or compassionated: (Ṣ, Meyd, Ḳ:) a proverb. (Meyd. [See 1 in art. رغب.]) Andرُهْبَاكَ↓ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رُغْبَاكَ, a similar prov. [expl. voce رَغِبَ]. (Meyd.) Andالرُّهْبَى↓ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ والرُّغْبَى إِلَيْهِ [also expl. voce رَغِبَ]. (Lth, TA.)

For the first word, see also رَهْبٌ.

رَهْبَانُ Excessively fearful. (Bḍ in lvii. 27.)

رَهَبُوتٌ: see رَهْبَى, in two places.

Also Fearful; applied to a man. (Ṣ.)

رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ, (JK, Ṣ, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ,) written in an exposition of the Maḳámát [of El-Ḥareeree] without teshdeed, (Mgh,) [Monkery; asceticism; the life, or state, of a monk or an ascetic;] the state of a رَاهِب, (A, Mṣb,) or Christian devotee; (Mgh;) the masdar of رَاهِبٌ, (JK, Ṣ, Ḳ,) as alsoرَهْبَةٌ↓: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or it is originally from الرَّهْبَةُ; and by a secondary application is used as a noun signifying excess, or extravagance: (AAF, TA:) or it is from رَهْبَنَةٌ↓, [which has the same signification, of the measure فَعْلَنَةٌ from رَهْبَةٌ, or فَعْلَلَةٌ on the supposition that the ن is a radical letter]: (IAth, TA:) or it signifies excess in religious services or exercises, and discipline, and the detaching oneself from mankind; and is from رَهْبَانُ, signifying “excessively fearful:” so in the Ḳur lvii. 27; where it is said, وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا, (Bḍ,) meaning وَٱبْتَدَعُوا رَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا [And they innovated excess, &c.: they innovated it]: (AAF, Bḍ, TA:) and some read with damm, [رُهْبَانِيَّةً,] as though from رُهْبَانٌ, pl. of رَاهِبٌ. (Bḍ.) It is said in a trad., (TA,) لَا رَهْبَانِيَّةَ فِى الإِسْلَامِ [There is no monkery in El-Islám]; i. e., no such thing as the making oneself a eunuch, and putting chains upon one's neck, and wearing garments of hair-cloth, and abstaining from flesh-meat, and the like. (Ḳ.) And in another trad., عَلَيْكُمْ بِٱلْجِهَادِ فَإِنَّهُ رُهْبَانِيَّةُ أُمَّتِى [Keep ye to the waging of war against the unbelievers, for it is the asceticism of my people]. (TA.)

رَهَابَةٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ) and رُهَابَةٌ andرَهَّابَةٌ↓ and رُهَّابَةٌ accord. to El-Hirmázee, (Ḳ, TA,) [The ensiform cartilage, or lower extremity of the sternum;] a certain bone, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) or small bone, (TA,) in the breast, impending over the belly, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) resembling the tongue, (Ṣ,) or like the extremity of the tongue of the dog: (TA:) or a certain cartilage, resembling the tongue, suspended in the lower part of the breast, impending over the belly: (TA:) the tongue of the sternum, at the lower part: (ISh, TA:) or, accord. to IAạr, the extremity of the stomach: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] رَهَابٌ↓ [and رُهَابٌ]. (Ḳ.)

رَاهِبٌ Fearing; [or a fearer; or fearing with caution; or a cautious fearer;] as in the phrase هُوَ رَاهِبٌ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ [He is one who fears God; or a fearer of God;, &c.]: whence the signification next following. (Mṣb.)

A Christian [monk, ascetic, religious recluse, or] devotee; (Mgh, Mṣb;) one who devotes himself to religious services or exercises, in a صَوْمَعَة [or cell]; (TA;) one of the رُهْبَان of the Christians: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) [i. e.] the pl. is رُهْبَانٌ (A, Mgh, Mṣb) and رَهَبَةٌ; (A;) or, sometimes, رُهْبَانٌ is a sing.; (Ḳ;) as in the following ex., cited by IAạr:

* لَوْ كَلَّمَتْ رُهْبَانَ دَيْرٍ فِى القُلَلْ *

* لَٱنْحَدَرَ الرُّهْبَانُ يَسْعَى فَنَزَلْ *

[If she spoke to a Christian monk in a monastery among the summits of a mountain, the Christian monk would come down running, and so descend]: but he says that the approved way is to use it as a pl.: (TA:) and رَهَابِينُ is a pl. (A, Mṣb, Ḳ) of رُهْبَانٌ, (Ḳ,) and رَهَابِنَةٌ is another pl. (A, Ḳ) of the same, and so is رُهْبَانُونَ. (Ḳ.)

See also مَرْهُوبٌ.

رَاهِبَةٌ A state, or condition, that frightens. (TA.)

أَرْهَابٌ Birds that are not rapacious; that do not prey. (Ḳ.) [App. so called because timid; as Golius supposes.]

مُرَهِّبٌ, applied to a she-camel, [though of a masc. form,] Fatigued in her back. (TA. [See its verb, 2.])

مَرْهُوبٌ Feared: (Mgh, Mṣb:) [or feared with caution:] applied to God. (Mṣb.) In the phrase لَبَّيْكَ مَرْهُوبٌ وَمَرْغُوبٌ إِلَيْكَ [At thy service time after time: Thou art feared, and petitioned, or supplicated with humility,, &c.], it is in the nom. case as the enunciative of an inchoative [أَنْتَ] suppressed. (Mgh.)

[Hence,] المَرْهُوبُ, as alsoالرَّاهِبُ↓, [the latter in this case being like رَاضٍ in the sense of مَرْضِىٌّ,] The lion. (Ḳ.)