Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شُئِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ (Ṣ; MA, Ḳ,) inf. n. شُؤْمٌ, (MA,) He (a man, Ṣ) was, or became, unlucky, or inauspicious, (صَارَ شُؤْمًا, Ṣ, Ḳ, in the MA شوم شد,) to them: (Ṣ, MA, Ḳ;) as also شَأَمَهُمْ, and شَأَمَ عليهم, and شَؤُمَ عليهم: (Ḳ:) or شَأَمَهُمْ, (AZ, Ḥam p. 224,) or شَأَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ, (Ṣ,) or both of these, (TA,) aor. ـَ {يَشْأَمُ}, (Ṣ, TA,) inf. n. شَأْمٌ, (TA,) he drew upon them ill luck, or evil fortune; (Ṣ, TA;) or caused ill luck, or evil fortune, to befall them from him: (AZ, Ḥam ubi suprà, TA:) or شُؤُمٌ as an inf. n. signifies the being unlucky: and the rendering unlucky: and so شُومٌ [as it is commonly pronounced: see شُؤُمٌ below]. (KL.)

And شَأَمَهُمْ, inf. n. شَأْمٌ, so in the L; in the Ḳ, شَأَّمَهُمْ↓, inf. n. تَشْئِيمٌ; but the former is the right; (TA;) He made them to go, or journey, to الشَّأْم [i. e. Syria]. (Ḳ, TA.)

شَائِمْ بِأَصْحَابِكَ Take thou the direction of the left hand with thy companions: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA:) يَامِنْ signifies “take thou the direction of the right hand.” (TA.)

And شَآءمَ He (a man) came to الشَّأْم [i. e. Syria]: like يَامَنَ signifying “he came to El-Yemen.” (TA. [See also 4.])

اشأم He desired the left: like as أَيْمَنَ signifies “he desired the right.” (TA in art. يمن.)

And He (a man, Ṣ) came to الشَّأْم [i. e. Syria]: (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA: [see also 3:]) or he went thither: and أَيْمَنَ signifies “he came to El-Yemen.” (TA.)

مَا أَشْأَمَهُ (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA) How unlucky, or inauspicious, is he! (TA:) the vulgar say, مَا أَيْشَمَهُ. (Ṣ, TA.)

تشأّم بِهِ, (MA, TA,) from الشُّؤْمُ, (TA,) He found him, or it, unlucky, or inauspicious: and he became unlucky by means of him, or it: (MA:) or تشأّم signifies he had ill luck, or evil fortune. (KL.) See also 6.

And تشأّم He took the direction of his left hand: (Ḳ, TA:) and in like manner تَيَامَنَ, [whence it seems that تشأّم in the sense expl. above may be a mistake forتشآءم↓,] “he took the direction of his right hand.” (TA.)

And He asserted his relationship to [the people of] الشَّأْم [i. e. Syria]: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) a verb similar to تكوّف and تقيّص. (Ṣ.)

تشآءموا بِهِ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA, &c.,) in some of the copies of the Ḳ تشأّموا↓, (TA,) [and in like manner تشأّم بِهِ, which is often opposed to تَيَمَّنَ بِهِ, (see an instance in Bḍ xvii. 14,) is used in the Ḳ in art. عطس, and تشأّم مِنْهُ in the TA in the same art. as on the authority of IKh, whence it seems that both these verbs are correct in the sense here following, though the former is probably preferable, andاستشأم↓ بِهِ is used in the same manner in “Les Oiseaux et les Fleurs,” p. 83, as mentioned by Freytag, so that تشأّم به and استشأم are the contr. of تيمّن به and استيمن,] They augured evil from him, or it; regarded him, or it, as an evil omen; (Mṣb, KL;*) like تَطَيَّرُوا بِهِ: (Mṣb:) deemed him, or it, unlucky, or inauspicious. (KL.)

تشآءم, thus, with medd, also signifies He took the direction of الشَّأْم[i. e. Syria]. (TA.)

See also 5.

الشَّأْمُ, the name of a certain country [i. e. Syria], is masc. and fem.; (Ṣ;) sometimes masc.: (Ḳ:) and may also be pronounced الشَّامُ [as it commonly is in the present day]. (Mṣb.)

[And as this country lies on the north of Arabia, الشَّأْمُ also signifies The northern region; opposed to اليَمَنُ.]

شُؤْمٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) thus, with ء, but always pronounced شُومٌ, without ء, (TA,) is an inf. n.: (MA, KL: [see 1, first sentence, in two places:]) and signifies [as a simple subst.] Unluckiness, inauspiciousness, unfortunateness, unprosperousness, evil fortune, or ill luck; contr. of يُمْنٌ; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) [i. e.] i. q. َحْسٌ: (Ḥar p. 158:) evil [of any kind]; syn. شَرٌّ: (Mṣb:) [and particularly] an evil omen: (PṢ:) andمَشْأَمَةٌ↓ signifies the same as شُؤْمٌ: (TA:) [or, like مَنْحَسَةٌ, a cause of unluckiness,, &c.:] مَشَائِمُ is a pl. of شُؤْمٌ, [or of مَشْأَمَةٌ↓: if of the former,] irreg., like as its syn. مَنَاحِسُ is [said to be] of نَحْسٌ. (TA in art. نحس.) It is said in a trad., إِنْ كَانَ الشُّوْمُ فَفِى ثَلَاثٍ المَرْأَةِ وَالدَّارِ وَالفَرَسِ, meaning If there be that whereof the consequence is disliked, or hated, and feared, [or if there be unluckiness,] it is in three things, the wife, and the house, and the horse: i. e., if any of you have a wife whose companionship he dislikes, or a house in which he dislikes dwelling, or a horse that he dislikes taking for the purpose of keeping post on the enemies' frontier, let him separate himself therefrom, by divorcing the wife, and removing from the house, and selling the horse: or, as some say, the شؤم of the wife is her not producing children; and that of the house, its straitness, and the badness of its neighbour; and that of the horse, one's not going to war upon it. (JM.)

See also مَشْؤُومٌ.

Also Black camels: and حِضَارٌ signifies “white” camels, (Ḳ, TA,) and is also written and pronounced حَضَارٌ: (TA:) neither of these has a sing.: (Ḳ:) both occur in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb: but accord. to one reading thereof it is شِيم; pl. of أَشْيَمُ: so says AA: and IJ says that شُومٌ, [without ء,] being originally شُيْمٌ, of the measure فُعْلٌ, may also be pl. of أَشْيَمُ. (TA.)

شَأْمَةٌ andمَشْأَمَةٌ↓ The left, meaning the left side or direction or relative location or place; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) i. q. [يَسْرَةٌ and] مَيْسَرَةٌ; (Ṣ;) contr. of يَمْنَةٌ and مَيْمَنَةٌ. (Ḳ.) One says of a man, قَعَدَ شأْمَةٌ [He sat on the left]. (Ṣ.) And one says, خُذْ بِهِمْ شَأْمَةً i. e. [Take thou with them] the direction of the left hand. (Ṣ.) And نَظَرْتُ يَمْنَةً وَشَأْمَةً [I looked in a right direction and in a left direction]. (TA.) And hence أَصْحَابُ المَشْأَمَةِ↓, in the Ḳur [lvi. 9 and xc. 19], (TA,) meaning [The occupants of the left: or] those who shall have their records given to them in their left hands: or the occupants of the low, or ignoble, place, or station: or the havers of unfortunateness (الشُّؤْم): and أَصْحَابُ المَيْمَنَةِ is expl. as having the contr. senses. (Ksh and Bḍ in lvi. 9.)

Also, the former, A mole (خَالٌ) upon the person: thus, with ء, as mentioned by IAth: also mentioned without ء in art. شيم. (TA.)

See also شَامَةٌ as meaning “a black she-camel,” in art. شيم.

شِئْمَةٌ Nature; natural, native, or innate, disposition, temper, or other quality or property: (Ḳ, TA:) mentioned thus, as with ء, by AZ and Lḥ, and said by IJ to be sometimes thus pronounced; but the pronunciation thereof with ء is held by ISd to be extraordinary. (TA.) [See art. شيم.]

شَامِىٌّ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ, TA,) without ء, (TA,) andشَآمٍ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) of the measure فَعَالٍ, (Ṣ,) an allowable form, without ى, (Mṣb,) like تَهَامٍ and يَمَانٍ, (TA,) andشَآمِىٌّ↓, (Sb, Ṣ, Ḳ,) [Syrian;] of, or relating to, الشَّأْم: (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ:) one should not say شَأْمٍ; any instance [of this] occurring by poetic license being accounted for as a case of the use of the name of the country for the rel. n.: (Ṣ:) the fem., applied to a woman, is شَامِيَّةٌ andشَآمِيَةٌ↓, the latter without teshdeed: (Ṣ, TA;) the pl. of شَامِىٌّ is شُوَامٌ, like غُرَابٌ [in measure]. (TA.)

[And hence, Northern.]

أَشْأَمُ [More, and most, unlucky, inauspicious, unfortunate, or unprosperous]. The Arabs say, أَشْأَمُ كُلِّ ٱمْرِئٍ بَيْنَ لَحْيَيْهِ, (Meyd, TA,) as some relate it, or, as others relate it, فَكَّيْهِ, which means the same, (Meyd,) [app. meaning accord. to the TA, The most unlucky thing of every man is between his two jaws, or the two lateral portions of his lower jaw; but it is said that] أَشْأَمُ is here used in the sense of شُؤْمٌ [i. e. the unluckiness,, &c.]; and in a similar manner [the contr.] أَيْمَنُ is used [in the sense of يُمْن]: so says AHeyth: (Meyd:) the prov. meaning the tongue. (AHeyth, TA.) The fem. is شُؤْمَى. (TA.)

Hence, (TA,) اليَدُ الشُّؤْمَى The left hand or arm; contr. of اليُمْنَى; (Ḳ, TA;) i. q. الشِّمَالُ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting camels, لَا يَأْتِى خَيْرُهَا إِلَّا مِنْ جَانِبِهَا الأَشْأَمِ [Their goodness comes not save from their left side]: i. e. they are milked and mounted only from the left side. (TA.)

See also مَشْؤُومٌ, in three places.

Zuheyr, in the following saying,

* فَتُنْتَجْ لَكُمْ غِلْمَانَ أَشْأَمَ كُلُّهُمْ *

* كَأَحْمَرِ عَادٍ ثُمَّ تُرْضِعْ فَتَفْطِمْ *

uses it in the sense of the inf. n. شُؤْم; (Ṣ;) meaning غِلْمَانَ شُؤْمٍ: (Ṣ, and EM p. 124:) he says, And it, i. e. war, will bring forth for you boys of ill luck, or evil omen; all of them like Aḥmar of' Ád: then it will suckle these boys, and wean them: by Aḥmar of ' Ád, he means Aḥmar of Thamood, for Aḥmar was the surname of him who hamstrung the she-camel of Sálih, and his name was Kudár: he says thus for the sake of the measure: or, as some say, Thamood were called 'Ád-el-Ákhireh. (EM.)

مَشْؤُومٌ, (Ṣ, MA, Ḳ, KL,) and مَشُومٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) the latter like مَقُولٌ, (TA,) [a contraction of the former,] Unlucky, or inauspicious, (Ṣ, MA, Ḳ, KL,) عَى قَوْمِهِ [to his people, or party], (Ṣ, MA, Ḳ,) and عَلَى نَفْسِهِ [to himself]: (Ksh and Bḍ in lvi. 9:) [and soشُؤْمٌ↓; (as in an ex. in the first sentence of this art.;) this being an epithet as well as a subst., like its syn. نَحْسٌ; syn. with مَشْؤُومٌ, like as نَحْسٌ is syn. with مَنْحُوسٌ; and app., like نَحْسٌ, used alike as sing. and pl., for it seems to be originally an inf. n.:] and soشَائِمٌ↓; (Ḳ;) or this signifies drawing ill luck, or evil fortune, upon his people [and upon himself]: (Ṣ, TA:) and أَشَائِمُ, a pl., likewise signifies unlucky, or inauspicious; (KL;) contr. of أَيَامِنُ; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) these being pls. of أَشْأَمُ↓ and أَيْمَنُ: (TA:) the pl. of مَشْؤُومٌ is مَشَائِيمُ, (Ṣ, KL, TA,) which is extr., for by rule it should be مَشْؤُومُونَ. (TA.) One says alsoطَائِرٌ أَشْأَمُ↓ meaning [An omen] happening, or occurring, (جَارٍ,) with unluckiness, or inauspiciousness; [i. e. an unlucky, or inauspicious, omen;] (Ḳ, TA;) and [in like manner] طَيْرٌ أَشْأَمُ↓: and the pl. is أَشَائِمُ [as above]. (TA.)