Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

شَكَمَهُ, aor. ـُ {يَشْكُمُ}, inf. n. شَكْمٌ, He bitted him; [namely, a horse or the like;] he put the bit (شَكِيمَة) into his mouth. (TA.)

[Hence], شَكَمَ الوَالِىَ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) ‡ He bribed the والى [i. e. prefect, or the like]; as though he stopped his mouth with the شَكِيمَة, (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA,) i. e. the [bit, or] iron thing of the لِجَام. (TA.) And شَكَمَ فَاهُ بِالإِتَاوَةِ i. e. † [He stopped (lit. bitted) his mouth] with the bribe. (TA in art. اتو.)

And فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ أَمْرًا فَشَكَمْتُهُ † Such a one did a thing, or performed an affair, and I settled, or established, it. (Lth, TA.)

And شَكَمَهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) aor. as above, (Ṣ,) and so the inf. n.; (Ḳ;) andاشكمهٌ↓; (Th, Ḳ;) He repaid, requited, compensated, or recompensed, him; (Ṣ, Ḳ;*) or gave him what is termed شُكْم [q. v.]: (Ḳ:) he gave him his hire, or pay. (Ṣ, from a trad.)

And, as some say, (Ṣ,) شَكَمَهُ, inf. n. شَكْمٌ and شَكِيمٌ, He bit him. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

شَكِمَ, aor. ـَ {يَشْكَمُ}, (Ḳ,) inf. n. شَكَمٌ, (TḲ,) He was, or became, hungry. (Ḳ.)

شُكْمٌ (Ṣ, Ḳ, &c.) andشُكْمَى↓; (Ḳ;) of the latter, ISd says, “I think it to be a dial. var., but I am not certain of it;” (TA;) A repayment, requital, compensation, or recompense; (El-Umawee, A' Obeyd, Ṣ, Ḳ;) and شُكْبٌ is a dial. var. thereof: (TA:) when the gift is initial, it is termed شُكْدٌ: (Ṣ:) or a substitute; or thing given, received, put, or done, by way of replacement or exchange: (Ks, TA:) and (Ḳ) a gift; (Aṣ, Ḳ, TA;) as also شُكْدٌ; (Aṣ, TA;) or the latter signifies a gift without compensation: (TA:) or شُكْمٌ signifies a benefaction, bounty, or gratuity; syn. نُعْمَى. (Lth, TA.)

شَكِمٌ A lion: (Ḳ:) expl. in this sense as occurring in a verse of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee: or, accord. to Skr, as there used, quickly, or soon, angry; or violently angry. (TA.)

شَكِيمٌ: see شَكِيمَةٌ, in three places.

Also The loop-shaped handles of the cooking-pot. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

[شَكَامَةٌ expl. by Golius as meaning “Malitia indolis, contumacia,” as on the authority of the KL, is app. a mistake for شَكَاسَةٌ, which I find expl. in the KL as signifying the “being evil in nature, or natural disposition,” but not شكامة.]

[Freytag explains it as meaning also Likeness; a signification of شَكِيمَةٌ, also mentioned by him; but for this he names no authority, and I know of none.]

شَكِيمَةٌ, in the لِجَام, [The bit-mouth, or mouthpiece of a pit; i. e.] the transverse piece of iron in the mouth of the horse, in which is the فَأْس [q. v.]; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) as alsoشَكِيمٌ↓: (Ṣ:) [see also لِجَامٌ, and مِسْحَلٌ:] orشَكِيمٌ↓ is pl. of شَكِيمَةٌ, as also شَكَائِمُ and شُكُمٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) this last with two dammehs, [but written in the CK شُكْمٌ,] or [rather شَكِيمٌ↓ is a coll. gen. n., and] شُكُمٌ is said by some to be pl. of شَكِيمٌ, not of شَكِيمَةٌ. (TA.)

Hence, [as used in phrases mentioned below,] (TA,) ‡ Resistance, or incompliance: (Ṣ, TA:) disdain, scorn, or disdainful and proud incompliance or refusal: and self-defence from wrong treatment: (Ḳ:) and self-magnification, pride, or haughtiness; syn. شَمَمٌ; السَّمُّ in the copies of the Ḳ being a mistake for الشَّمَمُ: (TA:) firmness, strength, or vehemence, of spirit; (TA, and Ḥam p. 140;) and evilness of nature or disposition: (Ḥam ibid:) strength of heart: (IAạr, TA:) hardiness; courage, or courage and energy; or determination; syn. عَارِضَةٌ: vigorousness, strenuousness, or energy: (TA:) also [simply] nature, or natural disposition; syn. طَبْعٌ. (Ḳ, TḲ: in the CK الطَّبَعُ is [erroneously] put in the place of الطَّبْعُ.) One says, فُلَآنٌ ذُو شَكِيمَةٍ ‡ Such a one is resistant, or incompliant: (Ṣ, TA:) or disdainful, or scornful; resistant, unyielding, or incompliant: one who defends himself from wrong treatment: proud: hardy: courageous: one possessing prudence or discretion, or firmness or soundness of judgment. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ شَدِيدُ الشَّكِيمَةِ, meaning [in like manner] ‡ Such a one is firm, strong, or vehement, of spirit; (Ṣ, TA, and Ḥam p. 140;) disdainful, or scornful; resistant, unyielding, or incompliant; (Ṣ, Ḳ, TA;) so says ISk: (TA:) or, as some say, one possessing strength, or vehemence, of tongue; and perspicuity, or eloquence, of speech or language; or perspicuity of speech with quickness, or sharpness, of intellect; and much hardiness, or courage, or courage and energy, or determination. (Ḥam p. 140.)

Also † Likeness, or resemblance. (Ḳ.)

And † A compact, or covenant; syn. عَهْدٌ: (Ḳ, TA:) in some copies of the Ḳ, الفَهْدُ is erroneously put for العَهْدُ. (TA.)