Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

ضَاعَ, aor. يَضِيعُ, inf. n. ضَيَاعٌ and ضَيْعَةٌ (Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ضَيْعٌ and ضِيعٌ, (Ḳ,) It (a thing, Ṣ, Mgh, O, Mṣb) perished, came to nought, passed away, or became lost. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ.) It is said in a trad. of Saạd, إِنِّى أَخَافُ عَلَى الأَعْنَابِ الضَّيْعُةَ i. e. [Verily I fear, for the grapes,] their [lit. the] perishing, or becoming lost. (TA.)

And ضاع, (Ḳ, TA,) inf. n. ضَيَاعٌ and ضَيْعَةٌ, (TA,) It (a thing) was left; left, or let, alone; or neglected. (Ḳ, TA.) Hence, ضاعت الإِبِلُ, and ضاع العِيَالُ, The camels, and the family, or household, were left untended, and unminded; and were left alone, or neglected. (TA.)

ضاع, aor. يَضِيعُ, said of perfume, or sweet odour, i. q. ضاع having for its aor. يَضُوعُ. (Ḥar p. 670.) [See 5 in art. ضوع: and see also 5 in the present art.]

ضيّع الشَّىْءَ, (O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَضْيِيعٌ; (Ṣ;) andاضاعهُ↓, (O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. إِضَاعَةٌ; (Ṣ;) both signify the same; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) He made, or caused, the thing to perish, or become lost; he destroyed it, wasted it, or lost it. (Mṣb, Ḳ, TA.) Hence, ضَيَّعُوا فُلَانًا is used by the vulgar as meaning They beheaded such a one with the sword. (TA.) It is said in a prov., الصَّيْفَ ضَيَّعْتِ اللَّبَنَ [In the spring, or in the summer, thou losedst the milk], in which the ت is with kesr when the words are addressed to a male, or to a female, or to a pl. number, because originally addressed to a woman, the wife of a wealthy man, whom she disliked because of his being aged, wherefore he divorced her, and a poor man married her, and she sent to her first husband requesting a gift, and he answered her thus; (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;*) الصيف being in the accus. case as an adv. n.: so says Yaạḳoob: (Ṣ, O:) or El-Aswad Ibn-Hurmuz divorced his wife El-'Anood Esh-Shenneeyeh, (O, Ḳ,) of the BenooShenn, (TA,) preferring to her a beautiful and wealthy woman of his people; (O, Ḳ;*) then there occurred between them what led to their separation, and he sought to obtain [again] El-'Anood, and sent a message to her; but in replying to him she said,

* أَنْشَأْتَ تَطْلُبُ وَصْلَنَا *

* فِى الصَّيْفِ ضَيَّعْتَ اللَّبَنْ *

[Thou hast begun to seek our union: in the spring, or in the summer, thou losedst the milk]: (O,* Ḳ:) the ت in this case being with fet-ḥ. (Ḳ. [See more in Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 197-8, or in Ḥar p. 577; in both of which, however, and in the O, ضيّعت is with kesr in the latter case, as in the former.]) [One says also, ضيّع عَهْدَهُ, meaning He broke his compact, contract, or covenant]. The phrase, in a trad.,نَهَى عَنْ إِضَاعَةِ↓ المَالِ means He forbade the expending of wealth otherwise than in obedience to God, and the squandering thereof, and extravagance. (TA.)

See also the next paragraph {4}.

اضاع الشَّىْءَ: see 2, first sentence, and last but one.

Also, [and app.ضيّعهُ↓ likewise, accord. to the Ḳ,] He left the thing; left it, or let it, alone; or neglected it. (Ḳ, TA.) You say, اضاع عِيَالَهُ He neglected his family, or household; omitted taking good care of them, or being mindful of them. (TA.) وَمَا كَانَ ٱللّٰهُ لِيُضِعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ, in the Ḳur [ii. 138], means And God will not neglect [or make to be lost] your prayer. (TA.) أَضَاعُوا الصَّلَاةَ, in the same, [xix. 60,] means Who neglected, or omitted, prayer, (Bḍ, TA,) altogether: (TA:) or deferred it: (Bḍ:) or who performed it in other than its right time: but the first explanation is more suitable, for the unbelievers are meant thereby. (TA.)

اضاع [is also intrans., and] may signify He found his affair to be coming to nought. (Ḥam p. 33.)

And His estates (ضِيَاعُهُ) became wide-spread, (Ṣ, O, Ḳ,) and many, or numerous. (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

تضيّع, said of the wind, It blew: because it [often] destroys that upon which it blows: so says Er-Rághib. (TA. [But it may be from what here follows.])

Said of musk, It diffused its odour, or fragrance: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ;) a dial. var. of تضوّع: (Ṣ:) or an instance of substitution [of ى for و]. (O.) [See also 1, last explanation.]

مَاتَ ضِيْعًا and ضِيَعًا: see ضَيَاعٌ.

ضَيْعَةٌ an inf. n. of 1. (Ṣ, &c.)

See ضَيَاعٌ, below, last sentence but one.

Also A single case, or occasion, of perishing, coming to nought, passing away, or becoming lost; or of being left, left or let alone, or neglected. (TA.)

تَرَكْتُهُ بِضَيْعَةٍ means I left him unsought-after, or unminded, or unmissed. (TA. [See also a similar phrase voce ضَيَاعٌ.])

Also i. q. عَقَارٌ [meaning An estate consisting of land, or of land and a house, or of a house or land yielding a revenue, or of a house and palm-trees, or the like]; (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ;) and [particularly] land yielding a revenue; (Ḳ;) or with the people of the towns and villages and cultivated lands it signifies the property, of a man, consisting of palm-trees and grape-vines and land: but the Arabs [of the desert] know not the word in this sense: (Az, TA:) IF says, I do not reckon the application of this word as a name for the عَقَار to be of the original language, but think it to be an innovation in speech; and I have heard it said that this is termed a ضيعة because, when frequent attention to it is neglected, it perishes; and if it be so, this is an evidence of what we have said, that it is of the innovated speech: (O, TA:) the dim. is ضُيَيْعَةٌ↓, for which one should not say ضُوَيْعَةٌ: (Ṣ, O, Ḳ:) the pl. is ضِيَاعٌ and ضِيَعٌ, (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) as though the latter were a contraction of the former, (Mṣb,) and ضَيْعَاتٌ: (Ḳ:) accord. to Lth, the first of these pls. signifies places of alighting or abode or settlement; which are thus called because, when the paying frequent attention to them, or taking good care of them, and the keeping them, or putting them, in a good state, or state of repair, is neglected, they come to nought: and ضَيْعَاتٌ occurs in a trad. as meaning the means of subsistence. (TA.) And, (T, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) as used by the Arabs [of the desert], who know not the word in any other sense than this, (T, O,) A craft, or handicraft, by which one gains his subsistence; a mode, or manner, of gain; or any habitual work or occupation of a man; (T, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) as the sewing of skins or boots and the like; and the twisting of ropes; and the weaving, or plaiting, of palm-leaves; and the culture of palm-trees (عَمَلُ النَّخْلِ); and the pasturing of camels; and the like thereof; (T, O;) including the sowing, or tilling, of land: (TA:) or the ضَيْعَة of the Arabs was the management, or tending, of camels and of sheep and goats: and the term includes a man's craft, or handicraft, or means of gain: (Sh, O:) and his traffic: (Sh, O, Ḳ:) one says to a man, قُمْ إِلَى ضَيْعَتِكَ [Arise to thy craft,, &c.]: (Sh, O:) and كُلُّ رَجُلٍ وَضَيْعَتَهُ, [Every man should occupy himself with his proper craft,, &c.] (Mṣb.) أَفْشَى ٱللّٰهُ ضَيْعَتَهُ, occurring in a trad., means God made or may God make, his means of subsistence to be abundant. (TA.) And one says, فَشَتْ ضَيْعَتُهُ, [or, more commonly, فَشَتْ عَلَيْهِ ضَيْعَتُهُ, as in the TA in art. فشو, &c.,] which is said to mean His property was, or became, large, or abundant, [or wide-spread,] so that he was unable to collect it together: and [hence] his means of attaining his object [or his affairs (as in the TA in art. فشو)] became disordered so that he knew not with which of them to begin: (TA:) or he took to doing an affair that did not concern him: (TA, and Ḥam p. 33:) it is nearly like the saying اِتَّسَعَ الخَرْقُ عَلَى الرَّاقِعِ [expl. in art. خرق]. (Ḥam ibid.) And إِنِّى لَأَرَى ضَيْعَةً لَا يُصْلِحُهَا إِلَّا ضَجْعَةٌ [Verily I see property that nothing but a sleep will restore to a right state] a prov.; said by a pastor whose camels had dispersed themselves, and who, desiring to collect them together, and being unable to do so, sought aid of sleep. (O.)

ضَيَاعٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (Ṣ, &c.) [Hence] one says, مَاتَ ضَيَاعًا, as alsoضِيَعًا↓, andضِيْعًا↓, andضِيعَةٌ↓, He (a man, TA) died unsought-after, or unminded, or unmissed. (Ḳ, TA. [See also a similar phrase voce ضَيْعَةٌ.])

Also A family, or household: (ISh, O, Ḳ:) or the meaning is عِيَالٌ ضُيَّعٌ, (Mgh, O, Ḳ,*) i. e. a family, or household, neglected, untended, and unminded; (TA;) or such as are exposed, or liable, to perish, (بِعَرَضِ أَنْ يَضِيعَ,) as young children, and those who are crippled, or deprived of the power of motion, who cannot manage their own affairs: (Mgh:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that when a man died leaving such as are thus termed, (تَرَكَ ضَيَاعًا,) they were to be brought to the Prophet, (Mgh, O,) to be maintained by means of the government-treasury: (Mgh:) a prefixed noun is to be understood [i. e. it is for عِيَالَ ضَيَاعٍ or the like]: (Mgh:) or it is an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly thus termed]: (Mgh, O:) or, accord. to one relation of the trad., the word is ضَيْعَةً↓ [which is likewise an inf. n., and in this case to be expl. in the same manner]: (Mgh:) if read ضِيَاعًا, it would be pl. of ضَائِعٌ. (Mgh, O.)

Also A sort of perfume, or odoriferous substance. (Ḳ.)

ضَائعٌ Perishing, coming to nought, passing away, or becoming lost: (Mgh,* Mṣb:) [and being left; left, or let, alone; or neglected:] part. n. of 1: (Mgh, Mṣb:) pl. ضِيَاعٌ (Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ) and ضُيَّعٌ. (Mgh, O,* Mṣb, Ḳ.*) [See an ex. of the latter pl. in a verse cited voce دَانَ, in art. دين. See also سَائِعٌ, in art. سوع.]

And A man in a state of poverty: or having a family, or household, to sustain: or in a state of circumstances by means of which he is unable to subsist. (TA.)

فُلَانٌ يَأْكُلُ فِى مِعًى ضَائِعٍ means جَائِعٍ [i. e. Such a one eats into a hungry, or an empty, gut]: and it was said to the daughters of El-Khuss, “What is the sharpest thing? (مَا أَحَدُّ شَىْء;) and she answered, نَابٌ جَائِعٌ يُلْقِى فِى مِعًى ضَائِعٍ [A hungry canine tooth that throws the food into an empty gut]. (Ṣ.)

أَضْيَعُ means أَكْثَرُ ضَيَاعًا: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ أَضْيَعُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ [Such a one is in a more perishing state than such a one]. (TA.)

مَضِيعَةٌ and مَضْيَعَةٌ i. q. ضَيَاعٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.]. (Mgh, O, Mṣb, Ḳ.) So in the saying, تَرَكَ عِيَالَهُ بِمَضِيعَةٍ or بِمَضْيَعَةٍ [He left his family, or household, in a state of perishing,, &c.]. (Mgh.) So too in the saying, السَّارِقُ لَا يُقْطَعُ فِى مَالٍ بِمَضِيعَةٍ [The thief shall not suffer amputation of his hand in the case of his stealing property in a neglected state]. (Mgh.) And so in the saying, هُوَ بِدَارِ مَضِيعَةٍ (Ṣ,* O, Ḳ) and مَضْيَعَةٍ (O, Ḳ) [He is in a place (lit. an abode) of perdition,, &c.]: or as meaning in this saying, abandonment, and ignominy. (TA.) And هُوَ مُقِيمٌ بِدَارِ مَضِيعَةٍ or مَضْيَعَةٍ means [He is dwelling in the abode of indolence; or] his characteristic in his affairs is indolence. (Mṣb.)

Also, [or perhaps the latter only, as meaning A cause of perishing, &c., this latter being app. of the class of مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ, &c.,] A desert, or waterless desert, that is cut off [from inhabited regions]: or, as expl. by IJ, a place in which a man perishes, or is lost. (Mṣb.)

رَجُلٌ مِضْيَاعٌ لِلْمَالِ i. q.مُضَيِّعٌ↓ لَهُ [i. e. A man who wastes, or squanders, wealth, or property]. (Ṣ, O, Ḳ.)