Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

فَسَدَ, aor. ـُ {يَفْسُدُ}, (Ṣ, M, A, O, L, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) which is the aor. commonly known, (TA,) and ـِ, (IDrd, M, O, L, Ḳ,) which is of weak authority; (IDrd, O, TA;) and فَسُدَ, aor. ـُ {يَفْسُدُ}; (Ṣ, M, O, L, Ḳ;) inf. n. فَسَادٌ (Ṣ. M, A, O, L, Ḳ) and فُسُودٌ, (M, O, L, Ḳ,) the former being inf. n. of فَسَدَ, aor. ـُ {يَفْسُدُ}, (Ṣ, A, O,) and so the latter, and the former being also inf. n. of فَسُدَ, (O,) or the former is of فَسُدَ and the latter is of فَسَدَ, (TA,) or the former is a simple subst., and the latter is the inf. n.; (Mṣb;) It (a thing, Ṣ, A, O) [and he (a man)] was, or became, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin; (MA, KL, PṢ, &c.;) and soاستفسد↓: (KL:) contr. of صَلَحَ: (M,* L, Ḳ:) it became altered in its state [for the worse]: and it became null, void, of no force, or of no account; or it came to nought, or perished; accord. to the explanation by most of the expositors of the ex. in the Ḳur xxi. 22. (MF.)

فاسدهُ He became at variance with him; he cut, severed, or broke, the tie of friendship [or kindred] with him. (L in art. كشح.) And فُلَانٌ يُفَاسِدُ رَهْطَهُ [Such a one cuts the ties of friendship, or kindred, with his people, tribe, or near kinsfolk]. (A.)

افسد, (Ṣ, M, O, L, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) inf. n. إفْسَادٌ and [quasi-inf.n.] فَسَادٌ; (L;) andفسّد↓, (O, L, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَفْسِيدٌ; (O, Ḳ;) He, or it, made, or rendered, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; deprived of virtue, or efficacy; corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected; [constituted, disposed, arranged, or qualified, ill, wrongly, or improperly;] disordered, or disturbed, [disorganized,] destroyed, annihilated, consumed, wasted, or ruined; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of أصْلَحَ. (M, L, Ḳ.) One says, افسد المَالَ [He rendered the property in a bad state; marred, impaired, consumed, or wasted, it]. (L.) [And افسد عَلَيْهِمْ He corrupted, perverted, or marred, their state, case, affair, scheme, plot, or the like; أَمْرَهُمْ, or the like, being understood. And افسدهُ عَلَىَّ He corrupted him and rendered him disaffected towards me.] إِفْسَادُ صَبِىٍّ, occurring in a trad., means The injuring a child by rendering its mother pregnant while she is suckling it and so vitiating her milk: which act is also termed الغِيلَهُ. (L.) [And افسد as contr. of أَصْلَحَ signifies also He acted in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; acted ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; or did evil, or mischief; إِلَيْهِ to him: and he created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling; or made, or did, mischief; بَيْنَ القَوْمِ between, or among, the people, or party. (See also 10.)]

تفاسدوا They became at variance, one with another; (M, L;) they cut, severed, or broke, the tie of kindred, (M, L, Ḳ,) and of friendship, (L,) one with another. (M, L, Ḳ.)

انفسد [as quasi-pass. of أَفْسَدَهُ] is not allowable, (Ṣ, L,) or has not been heard. (Ḳ.)

استفسد contr. of اِسْتَصْلَحَ. (Ṣ, O, L, Ḳ.) [Hence, He regarded, or esteemed, a thing, or man, as bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest;, &c.: see 1.]

[And] He wished, or desired, [a thing, or man,] to be bad, evil, corrupt,, &c. (KL.)

[And He sought to render bad, evil, corrupt,, &c.]

[And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render disaffected, or rebellious.] One says, الأَمِيرُ يَسْتَفْسِدُ رَعِيَّتَهُ [The prince, or governor, treats his subjects in such a manner as to render them disaffected, or rebel-lious]. (A.) And استفسدالسُّلْطَانُ قَائِدَهُ The Sultán provoked the leader of his forces to rebel-lion by his evil conduct to him. (L.)

[And He sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; to act ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, or dishonestly.] One says, استفسد فُلَانٌ إِلَى فُلَانٍ [Such a one sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner, or to act ill,, &c., to such a one]. (M.)

[And He sought discord, or dissension.]

[And It (an event) happened in a bad, or an evil, manner.]

See also 1.

فَسَادٌ an inf. n. of 1: (Ṣ, M, A, &c.:) or a simple subst.: (Mṣb:) [as a subst. signifying] Badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, wrongness, wrongfulness, impropriety, unrighteousness, wickedness, vitiousness, depravity, or dishonesty; the state of being devoid of virtue or efficacy; a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, deteriorated, or tainted, state; a state of disorder or disturbance, or of destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PṢ, &c.:) contr. of صَلَاحٌ. (Lth, M, Mṣb.) And it is also [frequently used as a quasi-inf. n.] syn. with إِفْسَادٌ [signifying The making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt,, &c.: (see 4:) and, oftener, the acting ill, corruptly, wrong, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; doing evil, or mischief; and creating, or exciting, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrelling]: (L:) and [particularly] the taking property wrongfully. (O, Ḳ.) [Hence,] حَرْبُ الفَسَادِ [The war of evildoing]: thus was termed a war that happened between [the two sub-tribes] بَنُوشك [in which the latter word is app. a mistranscription for شِبْكٍ] and غَوْث, of the tribe of طَىِّء: it was so termed because one party patched their sandals with the cars of the other, and one party drank wine out of the skulls of the other. (MF.)

Also Drought, barrenness, dearth, or scarcity of good: (M, L, Ḳ:) so in the Ḳur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ ٱلْفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَٱلْبَحْرِ i. e. Drought,, &c., hath appeared in the land, and in the cities that are upon the rivers; (M, L, TA;) accord. to Zj; (M;) or accord. to Ez-Zejjájee. (L, TA.)

فَاسِدٌ, (Ṣ, M, A, O, L, Mṣb, Ḳ, &c.,) part. n. of فَسَدَ; (Ṣ, M, A, &c.;) andفَسِيدٌ↓, (Ṣ, M, O, L, Ḳ,) part. n. of فَسُدَ; (Ṣ, O;) Bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PṢ, &c.: [contr. of صَالِحٌ and صَلِيحٌ, as is indicated in the Ṣ and M, &c.:]) pl. (of the former, Ṣ, O, Mṣb, [dev. from general analogy, and of the latter agreeably therewith,]) فَسْدَى, (Ṣ, M, O, Mṣb, Ḳ,) applied to a people, (Ṣ, M, O,) like as they said سَاقِطٌ and سَقْطَى; (Ṣ, O;) the pl. being made of the same form as هَلْكَى because these two words are nearly the same in meaning. (Sb, M.)

أَفْسَدُ is [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees] from الفَسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدُ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ i. e. [More corrupt, or unsound,, &c.,] than the egg that the ostrich leaves in the desert, not returning to it, in consequence of which it becomes corrupt, or unsound, &c.: and, anomalously, from الإِفْسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدَ مِنَ الجَرَادِ [i. e. More corrupting, or marring,, &c., than the locust], because it strips the trees and the herbage; and as in other provs. (Meyd.)

مَفْسَدَةٌ A cause, or means, or an occasion, of فَسَاد [i. e. badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness,, &c.; or making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt,, &c.]; (M, A;) contr. of مَصْلَحَةٌ: (Ṣ, O, Mṣb, Ḳ:) pl. مَفَاسِدُ. (A, Mṣb.) One says, هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَفْسَدَةٌ لِكَذَا [This affair, or event, is cause of evil,, &c., to such a thing]. (M.) And هُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [They are of the people who do actions that are causes of evil, not actions that are causes of good]. (A.)