Classical Arabic - English Dictionary

نَارَ intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ: see the latter, in two places.

نَارُوا النَّارَ: see 5.

نُرْتُ البَعِيرَ ‡ I made a mark upon the camel with a hot iron. (M, Ḳ.) See نَارٌ.

نوّر, intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4, in two places.

نوّر بِالفَجْرِ, (Mgh, Mṣb,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (Mṣb,) He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn had become light (Mgh, Mṣb:) ‡ or when the horizon had become bright: (TA:) تَنْوِيرُ الفَجْرِ, without بِ is an amplification. (Mgh.) تَنْوِيرٌ as a subst. from this verb, see below.

نوّر, trans. in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4. in three places.

نوّر, (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ.) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) It (a tree. Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ, and a plant, Mṣb) blossomed, or flowered it put forth its نَوْر; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) as alsoأَنَارَ↓, (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ,) originally أَنْوَرَ, (TA,) See also 4.

It (seed-produce) attained to maturity: (Ḳ:) [see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سمو, conj. 3:] تَنْوِيرٌ, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense, has a pl. تَنَاوِيرُ. (TA.)

نوّرهُ He smeared him or it with نُورَة. (Mgh, Mṣb.)

نوّر ذِرَاعَهُ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (TA,) He pricked his fore-arm with a needle, and then sprinkled نَوُور, [q. v.] upon it. (Ṣ, Ḳ.)

انار, (inf. n. إِنَارَةٌ, Mṣb,) It (a thing) (Ṣ, Mṣb) gave light; or shone; or shone brightly; (Ṣ, A,* Mṣb, Ḳ;*) as alsoنوّر↓, (Lḥ, Ṣ,* A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) andاستنار↓; (Ṣ, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) andنَارَ↓, (A, Mṣb, Ḳ,) aor. يَنُورُ, (Mṣb,) inf. n. نَوْرٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) or نُورٌ, (as in a copy of the A,) or نِيَارٌ: (Mṣb;) andتنوّر↓: (Ḳ:) نوّر (Ṣ,* Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ) and انار (Mgh, Mṣb) and استنار, (Mṣb,) said of the dawn, signify as above; (Mgh, Mṣb;) or its light appeared. (Ṣ,* Ḳ)

[Hence,]نَارَتِ↓ الفِتْنَةُ, aor. تَنُورُ, Sedition, or discord, or the like, happened and spread. (Mṣb.)

[Hence also,] انار and أَنْوَرَ, (Ḳ.) the latter being the original form; said of a plant; (TA;) It became beautiful: and it became apparent. (Ḳ, TA.) And أَنْوَرَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree became beautiful in its verdure: or, as some say, put forth its blossoms or flowers. (TA.) See also 2.

انار andنوّر↓ He made to give light; to shine; or to shine brightly. (Mṣb.) التَّنْوِيرُ↓ and الإِنَارَةُ signify the same. (Ṣ.) You say, انار السِّرَاجَ, andنوّرهُ↓, (A,) andنوّر↓ المِصْبَاحَ, (Mṣb,) He made the lamp to give light; or to become bright. (Mṣb.)

انار المَكَانَ He illumined, or lighted, the place; (Ḳ;) i. e., put light [or a light] in it. (TA.)

[Hence,] انارهُ ‡ He elucidated it; rendered it apparent or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident; (TA;) as alsoنورّهُ↓. (A, TA.*)

And hence, انار ٱللّٰهُ بُرْهَانَهُ ‡ God taught him, or dictated to him, his proof. (TA.) 7:17 AM 30/01/035: see 4, first signification.

تنورّوا النَّارَ مِنْ بِعِيدٍ, (Ṣ, Ḳ,) andنَارُوهَا↓, (Ḳ,) They looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it (تَبَصَّرُوهَا,) from afar: (Ṣ, Ḳ:) or تنوّر النَّارَ he looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, (تَبَصَّرَهَا) and repaired towards it: (A:) or he came to the fire: it has this signification as well as the first. (TA.)

تنوّر الرَّجُلَ, and المَرْأَةَ, He looked at the man, and the woman, at or by a fire, from a place where the latter did not see him; he stood in the dark to see the man, and the woman, by the light of the latter's fire, without the latter's seeing him; تَنَوُّرٌ being like تَضَوُّؤٌ. (TA.)

See also 8.

انتار, (Th, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ,) imp. إِنْتَرْ; (T;) and إِنْتَوَرَ, (T, Ḳ,) imp. إِنْتَوِرْ; (T;) andتنوّر↓; (Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ;) or only انتار and انتور; not تنوّر; (T;) or some say انتار; [implying that most say تنوّر;] (Ṣ;) He smeared himself with نُورَة [which is differently explained in the lexicons, so that these verbs are made to bear different meanings by different lexicons]. (Th, T, Ṣ, M, A, Mgh, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

see 4, first signification.

استنار بِهِ He sought the aid of its light: (TA:) or of its rays. (M, Ḳ.)

نَارٌ a word of which the meaning is well known; (M, Ḳ;) [Fire; not well explained as signifying] the flaming, or blazing, (لَهِيب,) that is apparent to the sense: (TA:) its ا is originally نُوَيْرَةٌ: (Ṣ, TA:) it is fem.: (Ṣ, M, Mṣb:) and sometimes masc.: (AḤn, M, Ḳ:) and the dim. is أَنْوَارٌ, with و because it is the original medial radical, (Ṣ,) and with ة {نَارَةٌ} because نار is fem.: (Mṣb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوُرٌ, (Ṣ, M, L,) in the Ḳ أَنْوَارٌ, [which is a mistake, though this is also said to be a pl. of نار,] (TA,) and [of mult.] نِيرَانٌ [which is the most common form] (Ṣ, M, Ḳ) and نُورٌ (AAF, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and نِيَرَةٌ and نِيَارٌ, (M, Ḳ,) and أَنْيَارٌ also occurs, in the phrase نَارُ الأَنْيَارِ, in a trad. respecting the prison of hell; this phrase, if correctly related, perhaps meaning نَارُ النِّيِرَانِ, and انيار being originally أَنْوَار. (IAth.) النَّارُ is also applied to The fire of hell. (TA:) The Arabs say, in cursing their enemies, أَبْعَدَ ٱللّٰهُ دَارَهُمْ وَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا أَثَرَهُمْ [May God make their abode distant, and kindle a fire after them!] And it was a custom of Arab women, as related by IAạr, on the authority of El-'Okeyleeyeh, when they feared evil from a man, and he removed from them, to kindle a fire behind him, with the view of causing his evil to depart with him. (T.)

نَارُ ٱلْمُهَوِّلِ A fire which the Arabs used to kindle, in the time of ignorance, on the occasion of entering into a confederacy: they threw into it some salt, which crackled (يُفَقِّعُ) when the fire burned it: with this they frightened [one another] in confirmation of the swearing. (T.)

نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ has been explained in art. حب.

نَارٌ also signifies simply Heat. (TA.)

Also, ‡ [The fire, meaning] the evil, and excitement, or rage, or war; as alsoنَائِرَةٌ↓. (TA.) You say, أَوْقَدَ نَارَ الحَرْبِ ‡ [He kindled the fire of war]. (A.)

Also, ‡ Opinion; counsel; advice. (IAạr, T, Ḳ.) So in the trad., لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ المُشْرِكِينَ, (T,) or بنار أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ, (Ḳ,) ‡ [Seek ye not to enlighten yourselves by the counsel of the polytheists; i. e.,] seek ye not counsel of the polytheists. (IAạr, T, A.*)

Also, ‡ Any brand, or mark, made with a hot iron, upon a camel; (Aṣ, T, Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ;) as alsoنُورَةٌ↓ (M, Ḳ) andنُورٌ↓: (TA:) pl. as above: (M:) or the pl. is نِيَارٌ, and the pl. of the نار that burns is نِيرَانٌ. (IAạr, Th, T.) The Arabs say, مَا نَارُ هٰذِهِ النَّاقَةِ ‡ What is the brand, or mark, of this she-camel, with which she is burned? (T, Ṣ, A.*) And they say, in a proverb, بِجَارُهَا نَارُهَا (T, Ṣ) Their origin is indicated by their mark with which they are burned. (T.) The Rájiz says,

* حَتَّى سَقَوْا آبَالَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ *

* وَالنَّارُ قَدْ تَشْفِى مِنَ الأُوَارِ *

[Until, or so that, they watered their camels because of the brand that they bore: for the fire, or the brand, sometimes cures of the heat of thirst]: (T, Ṣ:*) he means, that, when they saw their marks with which they were burned, they left the water to them. (Ṣ. For another reading of this verse, see بِ.) See also نَجْرٌ.

نَوْرٌ Blossoms, or flowers, (M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) of a tree, and of a plant: (Mṣb:) or white blossoms or flowers; the yellow being called زَهْرٌ; (M, Ḳ;) for they become white, and then become yellow: (M:) andنَوْرَةٌ↓ andنُوَّارٌ↓ signify the same as نَوْرٌ: (M, Ḳ:) or [rather] نَوْرٌ and نُوَّارٌ signify the same; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) [but the former is often used as a generic n., signifying a kind of blossom or flower: though both are coll. gen. ns.;] and نَوْرَةٌ is the n. un. of نَوْرٌ, like as تَمْرَةٌ is of تَمْرٌ; (Mṣb;) and نُوَّارَةٌ is the n. un. of نُوَّارٌ: (Ṣ, M, L:) and the pl. of نَوْرٌ is أَنْوَارٌ. (M, Mṣb, Ḳ.)

نُورٌ Light; syn. ضِيَآءٌ, (Ṣ,) or ضَوْءٌ; (M, A, Mṣb, Ḳ;) whatever it be; (M, A, Ḳ;) contr. of ظُلْمَةٌ: (Mṣb:) or the rays thereof: (M, A, Ḳ:) accord to Z, ضِيَآءٌ [with which ضَوْءٌ is syn.] is more intense than نُورٌ: in the Ḳur, x. 5, the sun is termed ضياء, and the moon نور: and it is said that ضياء is essential, but نور is accidental [light]: (TA:) it is of two kinds, the light of the present world and that of the world to come; and the former is either perceived sensibly, by the eye, and this is what diffuses itself from luminous bodies, as the sun and moon and stars, and is mentioned in the Ḳur, x. 5, referred to above; or perceived by the eye of the intellect, and this is what diffuses itself of the divine lights, as the light of reason and the light of the Ḳur-án; of which divine light mention is made in the Ḳur, v., former part of verse 18, and xxiv., latter part of verse 35; and both of these in common are spoken of in the Ḳur, vi. 1 and xxxix. 69: that of the world to come is mentioned in the Ḳur in lvii. 12 [and lxvi. 8]: (B:) the pl. is أَنْوَارٌ (Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ) and نِيرَانٌ; (M, Ḳ;) the latter mentioned by Th: (M:) andنَوْرَانيَّةٌ↓ signifies the same as نُورٌ. (TA.) As نور is a convenience of the pious in the present world and the world to come, it is said in the Ḳur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ [Wait ye for us that we may take of your light]. (B.) [See also ظُلَمْةٌ.]

It is also applied to Moḥammad: (T, M, Ḳ:) it is said by Aboo-Is-hak to be so applied in the Ḳur, v. 18. (T.)

And That which manifests things, (Ḳ, TA,) and shows to the eyes their true or real state: and therefore النُّور is applied in the Ḳur, vii. 156, to ‡ that [revelation] which the Prophet brought. (TA.)

النُّورُ is also one of the names of God; meaning, accord. to IAth, He by whose light the obscure in perception sees, and by whose guidance the erring is directed aright: or the Manifest, by whom is every manifestation. And أَللّٰهُ نُورُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ [in the Ḳur, xxiv. 35,] means God is the enlightener of the heavens and of the earth: like as فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا means مُغِيثُنَا: (TA:) or, as some say, the right director of the inhabitants of the heavens and of the inhabitants of the earth. (T.)

See also نَارٌ, last signification.

نُورَةٌ: see نَارٌ, last signification.

I. q. هِنَآءٌ [a word well known to mean Tar, or liquid pitch, or a kind thereof; but I do not know this signification as applying to نُورَةٌ, nor, app., did SM, for he has made it to be the same with that which here next follows, from the T]. (M, Ḳ:) or a kind of stone burned and made into كِلْس [or quick-lime] and used as a depilatory for the pubes: (T:) or lime-stone; syn. حَجَرُ الكِلْسِ: and by a secondary and predominant application, a mixture of quick lime (كلس) with arsenic, or orpiment, (زِرْنِيخ,) and other things, used for removing hair: (Mṣb:) [a depilatory composed of quick lime with a small proportion (about an eighth part) of orpiment: it is made into a paste with water, before application; and loosens the hair in about two minutes; after which it is immediately washed off: thus made in the present day:] some say that it is an Arabic word; and others, that it is arabicized. (Mṣb) See 8.

نَيِّرٌ Giving light, shining, bright, or shining brightly; (A, Mṣb;) as alsoمُنِيرٌ↓ andمُسْتَنِيرٌ↓ (A) [andنَائِرٌ↓.]

Beautiful in colour, and bright; as alsoمُنِيرٌ↓ andأَنْوَرُ↓: (TA:) or the last signifies [simply] beautiful; (Ḳ;) or conspicuous and beautiful. (TA.) It is said of Moḥammad.كَانَ أَنْوَرَ↓ المُتَجَرَّدِ: He was beautiful and bright in the colour [of what was unclad] of his body. (TA.)

نَوُورٌ, (Ṣ, Mṣb, and so in some copies of the Ḳ,) or نَؤُورٌ, (T, M, and so in some copies of the Ḳ,) or both, the former being the original form, (Ṣ, TA,) i. q. نِيلَجٌ [i. e. Indigo-pigment]; (Ṣ, Ḳ;) or نِيلَنْجٌ; [which appears from what follows to be the right reading, though both نيلج and نيلنج are used in the present day for the purpose described in explanations of نوور, to give a greenish colour to the marks made in tatooing;] (Mṣb;) i. e., (so accord. to the Ṣ and Mṣb; but in the Ḳ, and) the smoke [meaning the smokeblack] of fat, (IAạr, T, Ṣ, M, Mṣb, Ḳ,) that adheres to the طَسْت, (IAạr, T,) with which the punctures made in tatooing are dressed, (Ṣ, Mṣb,) or filled in, (M,) that they may become green; (Ṣ, Mṣb;) or with which the women of the Arabs of the time of ignorance tattooed themselves: (T:) i. q. غُنْجٌ [q v.]; (IAạr, T:) or, accord. to to Lth, the smoke [or smoke-black] of the wick, used as a collyrium or for tatooing; but, [says Az,] I have not heard that the women of the Arabs used this as a collyrium in the time of ignorance nor in the time of El-Islám; their using it for tatooing, however, is mentioned in their poems: (T:) or lamp-black; the black pigment (نِقْس) prepared from the smoke of the lamp; used for tattooing. (Comm. on the Moʼallaḳát, printed at Calcutta, p. 143.)

Also, A kind of small stone, resembling إِثْمِد, which is bruised, or brayed, and then taken up, like as medicine is by the lip. (M.) [The same is found in the Ḳ, excepting that, in this latter lexicon, the explanation is less full, and اللِّثَةُ is substituted for الشَّفَةُ, the reading in the M.]

نَائِرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ.

‡ Apparent or plainly apparent. conspicuous, manifest, or evident; as alsoمُنِيرٌ↓. (Thus the pl. fem. of each of these is explained in the TA.)

فِتْنَةٌ نَائِرَةٌ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happening and spreading. (Mṣb.)

And نَائِرَةٌ alone, Sedition, or discord, or the like: (Mṣb:) or sedition, or discord, or the like, happening: (TA:) and rancour, malevolence, or spite. (T:) enmity, or hostility, (T, Ṣ, A, Mṣb,) and violent hatred. (Ṣ, A, Mṣb.) See also نَارٌ. You say, سَعَيْتُ فِى إِطْفَآءِ النَّائِرَةِ I laboured in stilling the sedition, or discord, or the like. (Mṣb.) And بَيْنَهُمْ نَائِرَةٌ Between them is enmity, or hatred, and violent hatred. (A, Mṣb.)

One who occasions evils among men. (T.)

أَنْوَرُ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places.

ذَا أَنْوَرُ مِنْ ذَاكَ [This is lighter, or brighter, than that], (TA.)

تَنْوِيرٌ The time when the dawn shines, or becomes light. (T, Mgh.) You say, صَلَّى الفَجْرَ فِى التَّنْوِيرِ He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn shone, or became light. (Mgh.) See also 2.

مَنَارٌ [originally مَنْوَرٌ] A place of light; as alsoمَنَارَةٌ↓. (M. Ḳ.)

A sign, or mark, set up to show the way: (Aṣ, T, Ṣ, M, Ḳ:) and a thing that is put as a limit or boundary between two things; (M, Ḳ;) or between two lands, (Aṣ, T,) made of mud or clay or of earth: (Aṣ, TA:) pl. مَنَاثِرُ [respecting which see مَنَارَةٌ]. (A.) It is [also used as a coll. gen. n.; as, for instance, where it is] said, in a trad., لَعَنَ ٱللّٰهُ مَنْ غَيَّرَ مَنَارَ الأَرْضِ May God curse him who alters the marks of the limit between two lands: (T, TA:) or it may mean مَنَارَ الحَرَمِ the boundary-marks of the Haram [or sacred territory of Mekkeh], which [it is said] were set up by Abraham. (T, TA.*) And it is said in another trad, إِنَّ لِلْإِسْلَامِ صُوًى وَمَنَارًا ‡ Verily there are to El-Islám signs and ordinances whereby it is known. (TA.)

See also صَوْمَعَةٌ.

The middle, or main part and middle, or part along which one travels, (مَحَجَّة,) of a road. (M, Ḳ.)

مَنَارَةٌ, originally مَنْوَرَةٌ; (A, Ḳ;) see مَنَارٌ.

A stand for a lamp; a thing upon which a lamp is put: (T, Ṣ, M, A, Ḳ;) of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ. with fet-ḥ (Ṣ, Mṣb) to the م; (Ṣ:) but by rule it should be with kesr, because it is an instrument (Mṣb.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses it, for the sake of metre, in the place of مِصْبَاح, in likening a bright spear-head, without rust, to a lamp. (M.)

Also, A candle having a سِرَاج [or lighted wick]. (T.)

[A pharos, or lighthouse.]

The mená reh [or turret of a mosque, whence the English term “minaret,” so written in imitation of the Turkish pronunciation,] upon which the time of prayer is proclaimed; (Ṣ, Mṣb:) syn. مِئْذَنَةٌ, (Ḳ, TA,) vulgarly مَأَذَنَةٌ [which is the form given in the CK]. (TA.)

[Any pillar-like structure. (See زُرْنُوقٌ.)]

[The perch of a hawk, or falcon. (See مَرْبَأٌ.)]

The pl. is مَنَاوِرُ and مَنَائِرُ: he who uses the latter likens the radical letter to the augmentative; (Ṣ, Mṣb, Ḳ;) like as they say مَصَائِبُ, which is originally مَصَاوِبُ (Ṣ, Mṣb.)